< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, an s-extension of *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”). The coda -x- in Slavic results from the RUKI-rule. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius), Old High German tior (“animal”) (both from Proto-Germanic *deuzą).

Noun

*dȗxъ m [1][2]

  1. breath
  2. whiff
  3. smell, odor
  4. spirit
  5. ghost

Declension
Declension of *dȗxъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *dȗxъ *dȗxa *dȗśi
Accusative *dȗxъ *dȗxa *dȗxy
Genitive *dȗxa *duxù *dũxъ
Locative *dȗśě *duxù *duśě̃xъ
Dative *dȗxu *duxomà *duxòmъ
Instrumental *dȗxъmь, *dȗxomь* *duxomà *duxý
Vocative *duše *dȗxa *dȗśi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

See also
  • *duti (“to inflate, to swell”), *dunǫti (“to blow off”)
  • *dymъ (“smoke”), *dymati (“to smoke”)
  • *duxati (“to blow”), *duxnǫti (“to blow up”), *dušiti (“to suffocate”)
  • *dyšati (“to breath”), *dъxnǫti (“to breath, to inhale”), *dъxъ (“breath”)
  • *dyxati (“to breath”), *dyxъ (“whiff”), *dyxъtěti

Derived terms
  • *duxota (“immateriality, transcendence”)
  • *zaduxъ (“asthma, shortness of air”)
  • *vъzduxъ (“air”)
  • *dušiti (“to sniff, to scent”)
  • *duša (“soul”)
  • *duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)
    • *duxovъnostь (“spirituality”)
    • *duxovъnikъ (“cleric”)
    • *duxovitъ (“with high spirit”)
  • *oduxotvoriti (“to enchant”) < *duxъ +‎ *tvoriti (“to create”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: duch
    • Kashubian: dëch
    • Polish: duch
    • Slovak: duch
    • Sorbian:
  • → Romanian: duh

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dȗxъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 124: “m. o (c) ‘breath, spirit’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “duxъ duxa”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c breathing; odor (NA 97; SA 94, 156; PR 137; RPT 97, 102)”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.