< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sorka
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śárˀkāˀ. Cognate with Lithuanian šárka, Old Prussian sarke.
The original form was *sorka, with non-etymological *-v- in some daughters introduced by analogy from *svьrčati (“to whistle”), possibly in order to avoid confusion with the (reflex of the) verb *sьrati (“to defecate”).
Alternative forms
Declension
Declension of *sòrka (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sòrka | *sòrcě | *sòrky |
| Accusative | *sòrkǫ | *sòrcě | *sòrky |
| Genitive | *sòrky | *sòrku | *sòrkъ |
| Locative | *sòrcě | *sòrku | *sòrkasъ, *sòrkaxъ* |
| Dative | *sòrcě | *sòrkama | *sòrkamъ |
| Instrumental | *sòrkojǫ, *sòrkǭ** | *sòrkama | *sòrkamī |
| Vocative | *sòrko | *sòrcě | *sòrky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 477
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “сорока”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Gluhak, Alemko (1993) Hrvatski etimološki rječnik (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, page 601
Etymology 2
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian šar̃kas, švar̃kas (“jacket, coat”), Latvian svā̀rks (“skirt”) (-v- possibly is influence of švarùs (“clean”))
Declension
Declension of *sorka (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sorka | *sorcě | *sorky |
| Accusative | *sorkǫ | *sorcě | *sorky |
| Genitive | *sorky | *sorku | *sorkъ |
| Locative | *sorcě | *sorku | *sorkasъ, *sorkaxъ* |
| Dative | *sorcě | *sorkama | *sorkamъ |
| Instrumental | *sorkojǫ, *sorkǫ** | *sorkama | *sorkami |
| Vocative | *sorko | *sorcě | *sorky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- → Albanian: shark
References
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “сорочка”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Sreznevskij, I. I. (1912), “Proto-Slavic/sorka”, in Materialy dlja slovarja drevne-russkago jazyka po pisʹmennym pamjatnikam [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old Russian Language According to Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 3, Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 467
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