Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stěgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

*stęgъ (possibly)

Etymology

Of unclear origin.

The South Slavic evidence point towards proto-Slavic *stěgъ. Its origin is speculated to be from Proto-Indo-European *stēg-os (“stake, beam”) (or less likely Proto-Indo-European stoyg-os (“stick”)). Related to Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake”) and Latin tignum (“log, beam”).

The East Slavic evidence demands instead proto-Slavic *stęgъ, likely borrowed or related to Old Norse stǫng (“bar, pole”). Ultimately from proto-Indo-European *stengʰ-.

Not all authors agree that the two forms are genetically related, despite their identical meaning.

Noun

*stěgъ m

post
flag, banner
Synonyms: *znamę, *xorǫgy, *porporьcь

Inflection

Declension of *stěgъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*stěgъ	*stěga	*stědzi
Accusative	*stěgъ	*stěga	*stěgy
Genitive	*stěga	*stěgu	*stěgъ
Locative	*stědzě	*stěgu	*stědzěxъ
Dative	*stěgu	*stěgoma	*stěgomъ
Instrumental	stěgъmь, stěgomь^*	*stěgoma	*stěgy
Vocative	*stěže	*stěga	*stědzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

*stogъ (“stack”)
*stožěrъ (“pole, pivot”)

Descendants

East Slavic: (possibly)
- Old East Slavic: стѧгъ (stęgŭ)
- Belarusian: сцяг (scjah)
- Russian: стяг (stjag)
- Ukrainian: стяг (stjah)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: стяг (stjag) (archaic)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: сте̑г (Ekavian), стије̑г (Ijekavian)
  
  Latin: stȇg (Ekavian), stijȇg (Ijekavian)
West Slavic: –

Non-Slavic descendants:

⇒ Romanian: steag

References

Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “стяг”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Todorov T., editor (2010), “стяг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

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