Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/śarwe

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hwás (compare Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬁‎ (sruuā), Persian سرو‎ (surū)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-wó-s (compare Latin cervus (“deer”), Ancient Greek κεραός (keraós, “horned”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-. Ob-Ugric reflexes meaning "bull elk" have sometimes been included, but they may also be separate loans from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ĉarHabʰás (“horned animal”) (compare Sanskrit शरभ (śarabhá)).

May have replaced *aŋte (“horn”) in all European branches, unless this is an areal Siberian term.

The Mordvinic and Samic reflexes indicate *śorwa, which according to Aikio (2016) is a regular secondary development from *śarwe, as indicated by Finnic and Hungarian.

*śarwe

1. horn

• *aŋte

• Ugric:
  • Hungarian: szarv
• Permic: *śur
  • Komi:
    • Komi-Permyak: сюр (sjur)
    • Komi-Zyrian: сюр (sjur)
  • Udmurt: сюр (sjur)
• Mari: *śur
  • Eastern Mari: шур (šur)
  • Western Mari: шур (šur)
• Mordvinic: *śorwa > *śurə
  • Erzya: сюро (sjuro)
  • Moksha: сюра (sjura)
• Samic: *śorwa > *čoarvē (see there for further descendants)
• Finnic: *sarvi (see there for further descendants)

• Aikio, Ante. 2016. "The Finnic 'secondary e-stems' and Proto-Uralic vocalism". Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 95, pp. 25–66.
• Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
• Sammallahti, Pekka. 1988. "Historical phonology of the Uralic languages, with special reference to Samoyed, Ugric and Permic". In Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences, pp. 478–554. Leiden: Brill. →ISBN.

• Entry #978 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.