< Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic

Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/tinä

This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

Etymology

Frequently compared with its equivalents in other language families of Eurasia, such as Proto-Indo-European *túh₂, Northern Yukaghir тэт (tet), Proto-Mongolic *ci. Most of these comparisons would require an earlier form to be *ti.

Reconstruction

The Samic and Mordvinic reflexes suggest a variant *tun, of unclear origin. In some sources, the Samoyedic forms have also been considered to derive from this. However, according to Janhunen (2013), its inflection indicates an earlier front-vocalic form, implying that only a single variant *tinä is to be reconstructed to Proto-Uralic.

Pronoun

*tinä (plural *te)

  1. you, thou

Descendants

From *tinä:

  • Samoyedic: *tən
    • Nganasan: тәнә (tənə)
    • Enets:
      • Tundra Enets: [Term?] (toďi)
    • Selkup: тан (tan), тат (tat)
    • Kamassian: тһан (tʰan)
    • Mator: [script needed] (танъ)
  • Ugric:
    • Hungarian: te
  • Permic:
    • Komi:
      • Komi-Permyak: те (te)
      • Komi-Zyrian: тэ (te)
    • Udmurt: тон (ton)
  • Mari:
    • Hill Mari: тӹнь (tÿnʹ)
    • Meadow Mari: тый (tyj)
  • Finnic: *cinä (stem *cinu-) (see there for further descendants)

From *tun:

  • Mordvinic:
  • Samic: *ton (see there for further descendants)

References
  • Janhunen, Juha. 2013. "Personal pronouns in core Altaic". In: Robbeets, Martine; Cuyckens, Hubert (eds.) Shared Grammaticalization. With special focus on the Transeurasian languages. John Benjamins.
  • Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
  • Entry #1083 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
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