augt
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *awg-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to increase, to become many”). Cognates include Lithuanian áugti, Old Prussian auginnons (“having raised”) (cf. Latvian audzināt), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (aukan, “to increase, to grow”), Old Norse auka (“to increase”), Sanskrit उग्र (ugrá, “mighty, powerful”), Avestan 𐬎𐬔𐬭𐬀 (ugra, “strong”), Ancient Greek αὐξάνω (auxánō, “to increase, to make grow”), Latin augeō (“to raise, to increase”).[1]
Verb
augt intr., 1st conj., pres. augu, audz, aug, past augu
- to grow (to become bigger as a result of normal biological development)
- augošs bērns ― growing child
- ozols aug lēnām ― the oak tree grows slowly
- pārstāt augt ― to stop growing
- labā zemē labība aug kupli ― in good earth, the corn grows thick
- bārda, mati aug ― beard, hair grows
- kazlēnam aug ragi ― the goat kid is growing horns (lit. horns are growing to the goat kid)
- mācies, liels un gudrs audz, lai reiz dzīve sasniedz daudz ― learn, grow big and wise, so that in life you'll achieve a lot
- to grow (to spend one's childhood and/or adolescence)
- augt bez mātes ― to grow without a mother
- zēni auga uz laukiem ― the boys grew in the fields
- meitene aug bērnu namā ― the girl is growing in an orphanage
- to grow, to mature, to grow into (to become bigger, stronger, to become (something) as a result of the growing process)
- augt par krietnu cilvēku ― to grow into a decent, honest person
- (of plants; usually 3rd person) to grow (to be found, to live, to exist)
- magnolias aug dienvidos ― magnolias grow in the south
- melnalkšņi aug mitrās vietās ― black alders grow in humid, damp areas
- avenes aug puduros ― raspberries grow in clusters
- gailenes aug pa vairākam kopā, it kā izsētas ― chanterelle mushrooms grow several together, as if (they had been) sown
- Jorens pabrīnās, ka te pašā piekrastē var augt tik liels dārzs ― Jorens was surprised (to see) that there, on the coast, such a big garden could grow
- to grow (to increase in size or number; to develop, to become better, to spread wider)
- rūpniecība aug ― the industry is growing
- aug pilsētas ― the cities are growing
- tautas ienākumi aug ― people's income is growing
- aug grāmatu lāsītāju skaits ― the number of book readers is growing
- ēnas aug ― the shadows are growing
- diena aug ― the day is growing (= becoming longer)
- viņam šķita, ka spēki aug kā senās jaunības dienās ― it seemed to him that his strength was growing as in the days of (his) youth
- (of feelings; usually 3rd person) to grow (to become stronger, more intense)
- aug cerība ― hope is growing
- aug pašapziņa ― (one's) self-confidence is growing
- aug interese ― interest is growing
- aug naids ― hatred is growing
- augošas bažas ― growing concern
- Andriksona izsalkums auga, līdz ar to viņa saīgums ― Andriksons' hunger grew and with it his grumpiness, peevishness
- to grow, to develop (to strengthen one's skills, talents, to broaden one's horizons, one's knowledge)
- 'augošs zinātnieks ― a growing, developing scientist
- teātris aug līdzi dzīvei ― theater grows together with (= accompanying the course of) life
- plašā lasītāju saime un kritika spēj palīdzēt rakstniekiem straujāk augt un pilnveidoties ― a wide readership and criticism can help a writer grow more rapidly and realize his/her potential
- (of skin infections, infected areas of the body) to grow, to swell (to fill up with pus; to spread over the skin)
- augonis aug ― the boil is growing, swelling
- viņam aug pirksts ― his finger is growing, swelling
- sāk kāja augt ― the leg began to grow, swell
- bērnam aug bakas ― smallpox is growing (= spreading) on the child
Conjugation
conjugation of augt
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (tagadne) |
Past (pagātne) |
Future (nākotne) | |||
1st pers. sg. | es | augu | augu | augšu | — |
2nd pers. sg. | tu | audz | augi | augsi | audz |
3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | aug | auga | augs | lai aug |
1st pers. pl. | mēs | augam | augām | augsim | augsim |
2nd pers. pl. | jūs | augat | augāt | augsiet, augsit |
audziet |
3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | aug | auga | augs | lai aug |
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
Present | augot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | augošs | ||
Past | esot audzis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | augdams | ||
Future | augšot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | augot | ||
Imperative | lai augot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | augam | ||
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | audzis | |||
Present | augtu | Present Passive | augams | ||
Past | būtu audzis | Past Passive | augts | ||
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
Indicative | (būt) jāaug | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | augt | ||
Conjunctive 1 | esot jāaug | Negative Infinitive | neaugt | ||
Conjunctive 2 | jāaugot | Verbal noun | augšana |
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- aizaugt
- apaugt
- ataugt
- ieaugt
- izaugt
- noaugt
- paaugt
- pāraugt
- pieaugt
- saaugt
- uzaugt
- other derived terms:
- augonis
- augtene
- augums
Related terms
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “augt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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