bard
English
Etymology 1
(15th c.) from Scottish Gaelic bàrd, from Old Irish bard, from Proto-Celtic *bardos (“bard, poet”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“praise”), and reinforced by Latin bardus, descended from the same. Cognate with Latin grātus (“grateful, pleasant, delightful”), Sanskrit गृणाति (gṛṇāti, “calls, praises”), Old Church Slavonic жрьти (žrĭti, “to sacrifice”).
Noun
bard (plural bards)
- A professional poet and singer, like among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.
- 1837, Richard LLWYD, "The Poetical Works of Richard Llwyd, the Bard of Snowdon
- "He is a Welsh bard, and a man full of animation, anecdote, and independence; […] "
- 1837, Richard LLWYD, "The Poetical Works of Richard Llwyd, the Bard of Snowdon
- (by extension) A poet.
- Shakespeare is known as the bard of Avon.
Derived terms
Translations
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Noun
bard (plural bards)
- A piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental) armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb. (Often in the plural.)
- Defensive armor formerly worn by a man at arms.
- (cooking) A thin slice of fat bacon used to cover any meat or game.
- The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind.
- Specifically, Peruvian bark.
Translations
Verb
bard (third-person singular simple present bards, present participle barding, simple past and past participle barded)
- To cover a horse in defensive armor.
- 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29:
- The defensive armor with which the horses of the ancient knights or men at arms were covered, or, to use the language of the time, barded, consisted of the following pieces made either of metal or jacked leather, the Chamfron, Chamfrein or Shaffron, the Criniere or Main Facre, the Poitrenal, Poitral or Breast Plate, and the Croupiere or Buttock Piece.
- 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29:
- (cooking) To cover (meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.
Catalan
Further reading
- “bard” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “bard” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- “bard” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “bard” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed either from German Barde or English bard. Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *bardos (“bard, poet”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“praise”). Cognate with Latin grātus (“grateful, pleasant, delightful”), Sanskrit गृणाति (gṛṇāti, “calls, praises”), Old Church Slavonic жрьти (žrĭti, “to sacrifice”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɑrt/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: bard
- Rhymes: -ɑrt
Irish
Alternative forms
- bárd (obsolete)
Etymology
From Old Irish bard, from Proto-Celtic *bardos.
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
|
Forms with the definite article:
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Derived terms
- filíocht na mbard (“bardic poetry”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bard | bhard | mbard |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- "bard" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- “bard” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- “bárd” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 60.
Ludian
Manx
Etymology
From Old Irish bard, from Proto-Celtic *bardos.
Mutation
Manx mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bard | vard | mard |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Synonyms
- bardagh
- bardoonagh
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɑːr/, /bɑrd/
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *bardos.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bar͈d/
Inflection
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bard | bardL | bairdL |
Vocative | baird | bardL | barduH |
Accusative | bardN | bardL | barduH |
Genitive | bairdL | bard | bardN |
Dative | bardL | bardaib | bardaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Synonyms
- éices
- fer cerda
- fili
- túar
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
bard | bard pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbard |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |