briser
Danish
French
Etymology
From Middle French briser, from Old French brisier (“to break to pieces by a shock or violent blow, bust”), from Frankish *bristijan, *bristan (“to break to pieces, split, shatter”), from Proto-Germanic *brestaną (“to break, burst, rupture”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrest- (“to separate, burst”). Cognate with Old High German bristan (“to break asunder, rupture”), Old English berstan (“to break, shatter, burst”), Old Norse bresta (“to break, burst”). More at burst.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bʁi.ze/
audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of briser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | brisant /bʁi.zɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | brisé /bʁi.ze/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | briser | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | brisant /bʁi.zɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | brise /bʁiz/ |
brises /bʁiz/ |
brise /bʁiz/ |
brisons /bʁi.zɔ̃/ |
brisez /bʁi.ze/ |
brisent /bʁiz/ |
| imperfect | brisais /bʁi.zɛ/ |
brisais /bʁi.zɛ/ |
brisait /bʁi.zɛ/ |
brisions /bʁi.zjɔ̃/ |
brisiez /bʁi.zje/ |
brisaient /bʁi.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | brisai /bʁi.ze/ |
brisas /bʁi.za/ |
brisa /bʁi.za/ |
brisâmes /bʁi.zam/ |
brisâtes /bʁi.zat/ |
brisèrent /bʁi.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | briserai /bʁiz.ʁe/ |
briseras /bʁiz.ʁa/ |
brisera /bʁiz.ʁa/ |
briserons /bʁiz.ʁɔ̃/ |
briserez /bʁiz.ʁe/ |
briseront /bʁiz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | briserais /bʁiz.ʁɛ/ |
briserais /bʁiz.ʁɛ/ |
briserait /bʁiz.ʁɛ/ |
briserions /bʁi.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
briseriez /bʁi.zə.ʁje/ |
briseraient /bʁiz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | brise /bʁiz/ |
brises /bʁiz/ |
brise /bʁiz/ |
brisions /bʁi.zjɔ̃/ |
brisiez /bʁi.zje/ |
brisent /bʁiz/ |
| imperfect2 | brisasse /bʁi.zas/ |
brisasses /bʁi.zas/ |
brisât /bʁi.za/ |
brisassions /bʁi.za.sjɔ̃/ |
brisassiez /bʁi.za.sje/ |
brisassent /bʁi.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | brise /bʁiz/ |
— | brisons /bʁi.zɔ̃/ |
brisez /bʁi.ze/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Conjugation of se briser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | se brisant /sə bʁi.zɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | brisé /bʁi.ze/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | se briser | ||||||
| compound | s'être + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | se brisant /sə bʁi.zɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | s'étant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | me brise /mə bʁiz/ |
te brises /tə bʁiz/ |
se brise /sə bʁiz/ |
nous brisons /nu bʁi.zɔ̃/ |
vous brisez /vu bʁi.ze/ |
se brisent /sə bʁiz/ |
| imperfect | me brisais /mə bʁi.zɛ/ |
te brisais /tə bʁi.zɛ/ |
se brisait /sə bʁi.zɛ/ |
nous brisions /nu bʁi.zjɔ̃/ |
vous brisiez /vu bʁi.zje/ |
se brisaient /sə bʁi.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | me brisai /mə bʁi.ze/ |
te brisas /tə bʁi.za/ |
se brisa /sə bʁi.za/ |
nous brisâmes /nu bʁi.zam/ |
vous brisâtes /vu bʁi.zat/ |
se brisèrent /sə bʁi.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | me briserai /mə bʁiz.ʁe/ |
te briseras /tə bʁiz.ʁa/ |
se brisera /sə bʁiz.ʁa/ |
nous briserons /nu bʁiz.ʁɔ̃/ |
vous briserez /vu bʁiz.ʁe/ |
se briseront /sə bʁiz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | me briserais /mə bʁiz.ʁɛ/ |
te briserais /tə bʁiz.ʁɛ/ |
se briserait /sə bʁiz.ʁɛ/ |
nous briserions /nu bʁi.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
vous briseriez /vu bʁi.zə.ʁje/ |
se briseraient /sə bʁiz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of s'être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of s'être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of s'être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of s'être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | me brise /mə bʁiz/ |
te brises /tə bʁiz/ |
se brise /sə bʁiz/ |
nous brisions /nu bʁi.zjɔ̃/ |
vous brisiez /vu bʁi.zje/ |
se brisent /sə bʁiz/ |
| imperfect2 | me brisasse /mə bʁi.zas/ |
te brisasses /tə bʁi.zas/ |
se brisât /sə bʁi.za/ |
nous brisassions /nu bʁi.za.sjɔ̃/ |
vous brisassiez /vu bʁi.za.sje/ |
se brisassent /sə bʁi.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of s'être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | brise-toi /bʁiz.twa/ |
— | brisons-nous /bʁi.zɔ̃.nu/ |
brisez-vous /bʁi.ze.vu/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- briser son cœur
Further reading
- “briser” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Norwegian Bokmål
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-st are modified to s, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of briser (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | briser | avoir brisé | |||||
| gerund | en brisant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | brisant | ||||||
| past participle | brisé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | bris | brises | brise | brisons | brisez | brisent |
| imperfect | brisoie, briseie, brisoe, briseve | brisoies, briseies, brisoes, briseves | brisoit, briseit, brisot, briseve | brisiiens, brisiens | brisiiez, brisiez | brisoient, briseient, brisoent, brisevent | |
| preterite | brisai | brisas | brisa | brisames | brisastes | briserent | |
| future | briserai | briseras | brisera | briserons | briseroiz, brisereiz, briserez | briseront | |
| conditional | briseroie, brisereie | briseroies, brisereies | briseroit, brisereit | briseriiens, briseriens | briseriiez, briseriez | briseroient, brisereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | bris | bris | brist | brisons | brisez | brisent |
| imperfect | brisasse | brisasses | brisast | brisissons, brisissiens | brisissoiz, brisissez, brisissiez | brisassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | brise | — | brisons | brisez | — | ||
Swedish
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