ceap

Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /capˠ/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish cepp (“tree stump; stock”), from Latin cippus (“stake”).

Noun

ceap m (genitive singular cip, nominative plural ceapa)

  1. stock
  2. block, base
  3. pad
  4. last
  5. nave, hub
  6. compact body
  7. (of person) chief, protector
  8. (horticulture) bed, plot
Declension
Declension of ceap

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative ceap ceapa
Vocative a chip a cheapa
Genitive cip ceap
Dative ceap ceapa

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an ceap na ceapa
Genitive an chip na gceap
Dative leis an gceap

don cheap

 leis na ceapa
Derived terms
  • ceap búistéara (“chopping-block”)
  • ceap ceangail (“bollard, bitt; bitts”)
  • ceap dearnála (“darning egg”)
  • ceap magaidh (“laughing-stock”)
  • ceap oifigí (“office block”)
  • ceap rotha (“nave of wheel”)
  • ceap tithe (“block of houses”)
  • ceap tuisle (“stumbling block”)

Verb

ceap (present analytic ceapann, future analytic ceapfaidh, verbal noun ceapadh, past participle ceaptha) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. chip, block out
  2. fashion
  3. shape, invent
  4. appoint, assign
  5. conceive, think
  6. mean, intend
  7. block the path of, stop, catch
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present ceapaim ceapann tú;
ceapair†		 ceapann sé, sí ceapaimid ceapann sibh ceapann siad;
ceapaid†		 a cheapann; a cheapas /
a gceapann*; a gceapas*		 ceaptar
past cheap mé; cheapas cheap tú; cheapais cheap sé, sí cheapamar; cheap muid cheap sibh; cheapabhair cheap siad; cheapadar a cheap /
ar cheap*		 ceapadh
past habitual cheapainn cheaptá cheapadh sé, sí cheapaimis; cheapadh muid cheapadh sibh cheapaidís; cheapadh siad a cheapadh /
ar cheapadh*		 cheaptaí
future ceapfaidh mé;
ceapfad		 ceapfaidh tú;
ceapfair†		 ceapfaidh sé, sí ceapfaimid;
ceapfaidh muid		 ceapfaidh sibh ceapfaidh siad;
ceapfaid†		 a cheapfaidh; a cheapfas /
a gceapfaidh*; a gceapfas*		 ceapfar
conditional cheapfainn / gceapfainn‡‡ cheapfá / gceapfᇇ cheapfadh sé, sí / gceapfadh sé, s퇇 cheapfaimis; cheapfadh muid / gceapfaimis‡‡; gceapfadh muid‡‡ cheapfadh sibh / gceapfadh sibh‡‡ cheapfaidís; cheapfadh siad / gceapfaidís‡‡; gceapfadh siad‡‡ a cheapfadh /
ar cheapfadh*		 cheapfaí / gceapfa퇇
subjunctive present go gceapa mé;
go gceapad†		 go gceapa tú;
go gceapair†		 go gceapa sé, sí go gceapaimid;
go gceapa muid		 go gceapa sibh go gceapa siad;
go gceapaid†		 — go gceaptar
past dá gceapainn dá gceaptá dá gceapadh sé, sí dá gceapaimis;
dá gceapadh muid		 dá gceapadh sibh dá gceapaidís;
dá gceapadh siad		 — dá gceaptaí
imperative ceapaim ceap ceapadh sé, sí ceapaimis ceapaigí;
ceapaidh†		 ceapaidís — ceaptar
verbal noun ceapadh
past participle ceaptha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From French cèpe, from Latin cippus (“stake”); see etymology 1.

Noun

ceap m (genitive singular cip, nominative plural ceapa)

  1. cep, porcini
Declension
Declension of ceap

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative ceap ca
Vocative a chip a cheapa
Genitive cip ceap
Dative ceap ca

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an ceap na ca
Genitive an chip na gceap
Dative leis an gceap

don cheap

 leis na ca

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
ceap cheap gceap
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • "ceap" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “cepp” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “ceppaid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “ceap” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 127.
  • “ceapaim” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 127.
  • “cep” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
  • Entries containing “ceap” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kaupaz, from Latin caupo.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃæːɑ̯p/

Noun

ċēap m

  1. cattle, any commodity
  2. trade
  3. bargain

Declension
Declension of ceap (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative cēap cēapas
accusative cēap cēapas
genitive cēapes cēapa
dative cēape cēapum

Descendants
  • Middle English: chep, chepe

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish cepp (“tree stump; stock”), from Latin cippus (“stake”).

Noun

ceap m (genitive singular cip, plural cip or ceapan or ceapannan)

  1. block, lump
  2. last (shoemaker's)
  3. cap (head garment)
  4. cape (piece of land)
  5. fret (on a string instrument)

Derived terms

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
RadicalLenition
ceapcheap
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • “cepp” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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