gagner

See also: Gagner

French

Etymology

From Middle French gaigner, from Old French gaigner, gaaignier, from a Vulgar Latin *wadaniō, *wadaniāre, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *waithanjan (“to hunt, graze; get food”) (a calque of Latin petere), from Proto-Germanic *waiþanjaną. Compare Occitan ganhar, Catalan guanyar, Italian guadagnare, Portuguese ganhar, cf. also Spanish ganar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡa.ɲe/
  • audio(file)

Verb

gagner

  1. to win.
    On a gagné la ligue !
    We won the league.
  2. to earn.
    Je gagne 10 euros de l'heure.
    I earn 10 euros an hour.
  3. to gain; to obtain.
    • 1902, M. Netter, "Efficacité de l'argent colloïdal (collargol) dans le traitement des maladies infectieuses; multiplicité de ses indications", in "Séance du 12 décembre 1902", Bulletins Et Mémoires de la Société Médicale Des Hôpitaux de Paris, third series, volume 19, Masson et Cie, page 1093:
      Le malade a gagné beaucoup de poids et est sorti le 31 décembre 1901.
      The patient gained a lot of weight and left on 31 December 1901.

Conjugation
Conjugation of gagner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
present participle gagnant
/ɡa.ɲɑ̃/
past participle gagné
/ɡa.ɲe/
infinitive
simple gagner
compound avoir + past participle
gerund1
simple gagnant
/ɡa.ɲɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present gagne
/ɡaɲ/		 gagnes
/ɡaɲ/		 gagne
/ɡaɲ/		 gagnons
/ɡa.ɲɔ̃/		 gagnez
/ɡa.ɲe/		 gagnent
/ɡaɲ/
imperfect gagnais
/ɡa.ɲɛ/		 gagnais
/ɡa.ɲɛ/		 gagnait
/ɡa.ɲɛ/		 gagnions
/ɡa.ɲjɔ̃/		 gagniez
/ɡa.ɲje/		 gagnaient
/ɡa.ɲɛ/
past historic2 gagnai
/ɡa.ɲe/		 gagnas
/ɡa.ɲa/		 gagna
/ɡa.ɲa/		 gagnâmes
/ɡa.ɲam/		 gagnâtes
/ɡa.ɲat/		 gagnèrent
/ɡa.ɲɛʁ/
future gagnerai
/ɡaɲ.ʁe/		 gagneras
/ɡaɲ.ʁa/		 gagnera
/ɡaɲ.ʁa/		 gagnerons
/ɡaɲ.ʁɔ̃/		 gagnerez
/ɡaɲ.ʁe/		 gagneront
/ɡaɲ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional gagnerais
/ɡaɲ.ʁɛ/		 gagnerais
/ɡaɲ.ʁɛ/		 gagnerait
/ɡaɲ.ʁɛ/		 gagnerions
/ɡa.ɲə.ʁjɔ̃/		 gagneriez
/ɡa.ɲə.ʁje/		 gagneraient
/ɡaɲ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present gagne
/ɡaɲ/		 gagnes
/ɡaɲ/		 gagne
/ɡaɲ/		 gagnions
/ɡa.ɲjɔ̃/		 gagniez
/ɡa.ɲje/		 gagnent
/ɡaɲ/
imperfect2 gagnasse
/ɡa.ɲas/		 gagnasses
/ɡa.ɲas/		 gagnât
/ɡa.ɲa/		 gagnassions
/ɡa.ɲa.sjɔ̃/		 gagnassiez
/ɡa.ɲa.sje/		 gagnassent
/ɡa.ɲas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — gagne
/ɡaɲ/		 — gagnons
/ɡa.ɲɔ̃/		 gagnez
/ɡa.ɲe/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 Only usable with preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Haitian Creole: genyen, Haitian Creole: gen
  • Louisiana Creole French: gain

Further reading

Anagrams

Old French

Verb

gagner

  1. Alternative form of gaaignier

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-agn, *-agns, *-agnt are modified to aing, ainz, aint. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of gagner (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive gagner avoir gagné
gerund en gagnant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle gagnant
past participle gagné
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present gaing gagnes gagne gagnons gagnez gagnent
imperfect gagnoie, gagneie, gagnoe, gagneve gagnoies, gagneies, gagnoes, gagneves gagnoit, gagneit, gagnot, gagneve gagniiens, gagniens gagniiez, gagniez gagnoient, gagneient, gagnoent, gagnevent
preterite gagnai gagnas gagna gagnames gagnastes gagnerent
future gagnerai gagneras gagnera gagnerons gagneroiz, gagnereiz, gagnerez gagneront
conditional gagneroie, gagnereie gagneroies, gagnereies gagneroit, gagnereit gagneriiens, gagneriens gagneriiez, gagneriez gagneroient, gagnereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present gaing gainz gaint gagnons gagnez gagnent
imperfect gagnasse gagnasses gagnast gagnissons, gagnissiens gagnissoiz, gagnissez, gagnissiez gagnassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— gagne — gagnons gagnez —
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