galer
French
Etymology
From Old French galer
Conjugation
| present participle | galant /ɡa.lɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | galé /ɡa.le/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | galer | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | galant /ɡa.lɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gale /ɡal/ |
gales /ɡal/ |
gale /ɡal/ |
galons /ɡa.lɔ̃/ |
galez /ɡa.le/ |
galent /ɡal/ |
| imperfect | galais /ɡa.lɛ/ |
galais /ɡa.lɛ/ |
galait /ɡa.lɛ/ |
galions /ɡa.ljɔ̃/ |
galiez /ɡa.lje/ |
galaient /ɡa.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | galai /ɡa.le/ |
galas /ɡa.la/ |
gala /ɡa.la/ |
galâmes /ɡa.lam/ |
galâtes /ɡa.lat/ |
galèrent /ɡa.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | galerai /ɡal.ʁe/ |
galeras /ɡal.ʁa/ |
galera /ɡal.ʁa/ |
galerons /ɡal.ʁɔ̃/ |
galerez /ɡal.ʁe/ |
galeront /ɡal.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | galerais /ɡal.ʁɛ/ |
galerais /ɡal.ʁɛ/ |
galerait /ɡal.ʁɛ/ |
galerions /ɡa.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
galeriez /ɡa.lə.ʁje/ |
galeraient /ɡal.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gale /ɡal/ |
gales /ɡal/ |
gale /ɡal/ |
galions /ɡa.ljɔ̃/ |
galiez /ɡa.lje/ |
galent /ɡal/ |
| imperfect2 | galasse /ɡa.las/ |
galasses /ɡa.las/ |
galât /ɡa.la/ |
galassions /ɡa.la.sjɔ̃/ |
galassiez /ɡa.la.sje/ |
galassent /ɡa.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | gale /ɡal/ |
— | galons /ɡa.lɔ̃/ |
galez /ɡa.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Norwegian Bokmål
Old French
Etymology 1
From *galle, borrowed from Frankish *galla (“sore; wound; scab”), from Proto-Germanic *gallô (“a sore on the skin; a gall”). Cognate with Old High German galla (“ire; malignancy; wickedness”), Old English gealla (“skin wound”), Old Norse galli (“infirmity; weakness; affliction”).
Etymology 2
Origin obscure. Likely of Germanic origin, perhaps via Vulgar Latin *gualare, *walare, from Frankish *wala (“well”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.
Alternatively, possibly derived from Frankish *wallōn (“to surge; well up; bubble over; roll about”), related to Old High German wallōn (“to surge; flow out; hike; wander; travel”), from Proto-Germanic *wallaną.
Possibly influenced by Frankish *gail (“merry; lively; lustful”), from Proto-Germanic *gailaz (“merry, excited, lush, beautiful, lustful”).
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-als, *-alt are modified to aus, aut. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | galer | avoir galé | |||||
| gerund | en galant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | galant | ||||||
| past participle | galé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | gal | gales | gale | galons | galez | galent |
| imperfect | galoie, galeie, galoe, galeve | galoies, galeies, galoes, galeves | galoit, galeit, galot, galeve | galiiens, galiens | galiiez, galiez | galoient, galeient, galoent, galevent | |
| preterite | galai | galas | gala | galames | galastes | galerent | |
| future | galerai | galeras | galera | galerons | galeroiz, galereiz, galerez | galeront | |
| conditional | galeroie, galereie | galeroies, galereies | galeroit, galereit | galeriiens, galeriens | galeriiez, galeriez | galeroient, galereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | gal | gaus | gaut | galons | galez | galent |
| imperfect | galasse | galasses | galast | galissons, galissiens | galissoiz, galissez, galissiez | galassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | gale | — | galons | galez | — | ||