promener
French
Etymology
From an alteration of Middle French pourmener, Old French pourmener, pormener (based on numerous verbs beginning with the prefix pro-), itself from pour- and mener; alternatively and less likely corresponds to a Vulgar Latin *prominare (“to drive forward”), from prō (“forward”) + mino (“I drive”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pʁɔm.ne/
audio (file)
Verb
promener
- (reflexive) to walk (leisurely), to go for a walk, to stroll
- 1869, Charles Beaudelaire, "Perte d'auréole", Petits Poëmes en prose:
- Je puis maintenant me promener incognito, faire des actions basses, et me livrer à la crapule, comme les simples mortels
- Now I can stroll about incognito, do mean things, launch into debauches, like ordinary mortals. (transl. Keith Waldrop, 2009)
- Je puis maintenant me promener incognito, faire des actions basses, et me livrer à la crapule, comme les simples mortels
- 1962, Françoise Hardy
- Tous les garçons et les filles de mon âge se promènent dans la rue deux par deux.
- All the boys and girls of my age walk down the street in pairs.
- Tous les garçons et les filles de mon âge se promènent dans la rue deux par deux.
- 1869, Charles Beaudelaire, "Perte d'auréole", Petits Poëmes en prose:
- (transitive) to walk out (an animal)
- (transitive) to carry around, often with the implication of showing off
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il promène rather than *il promene. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of promener (see also Appendix:French verbs)
present participle | promenant /pʁɔm.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | promené /pʁɔm.ne/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | promener | ||||||
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | promenant /pʁɔm.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | promène /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
promènes /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
promène /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
promenons /pʁɔm.nɔ̃/ |
promenez /pʁɔm.ne/ |
promènent /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
imperfect | promenais /pʁɔm.nɛ/ |
promenais /pʁɔm.nɛ/ |
promenait /pʁɔm.nɛ/ |
promenions /pʁɔ.mə.njɔ̃/ |
promeniez /pʁɔ.mə.nje/ |
promenaient /pʁɔm.nɛ/ | |
past historic2 | promenai /pʁɔm.ne/ |
promenas /pʁɔm.na/ |
promena /pʁɔm.na/ |
promenâmes /pʁɔm.nam/ |
promenâtes /pʁɔm.nat/ |
promenèrent /pʁɔm.nɛʁ/ | |
future | promènerai /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁe/ |
promèneras /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁa/ |
promènera /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁa/ |
promènerons /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁɔ̃/ |
promènerez /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁe/ |
promèneront /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | promènerais /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁɛ/ |
promènerais /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁɛ/ |
promènerait /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁɛ/ |
promènerions /pʁɔ.mɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
promèneriez /pʁɔ.mɛ.nə.ʁje/ |
promèneraient /pʁɔ.mɛn.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | promène /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
promènes /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
promène /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
promenions /pʁɔ.mə.njɔ̃/ |
promeniez /pʁɔ.mə.nje/ |
promènent /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
imperfect2 | promenasse /pʁɔm.nas/ |
promenasses /pʁɔm.nas/ |
promenât /pʁɔm.na/ |
promenassions /pʁɔm.na.sjɔ̃/ |
promenassiez /pʁɔm.na.sje/ |
promenassent /pʁɔm.nas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | promène /pʁɔ.mɛn/ |
— | promenons /pʁɔm.nɔ̃/ |
promenez /pʁɔm.ne/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “promener” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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