repentir
French
Etymology
From Middle French repentir, from Old French repentir, from a change of conjugation from Vulgar Latin *repoenitere, from re- + Latin paenitēre, present active infinitive of paeniteō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁə.pɑ̃.tiʁ/
audio (file)
Conjugation
This is one of a fairly large group of irregular -ir verbs that are all conjugated the same way. Other members of this group include sortir and dormir. The most significant difference between these verbs' conjugation and that of the regular -ir verbs is that these verbs' conjugation does not use the infix -iss-. Further, this conjugation has the forms (je, tu) repens and (il) repent in the present indicative and imperative, whereas a regular -ir verb would have *repentis and *repentit (as in the past historic).
| present participle | repentant /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | repenti /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | repentir | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | repentant /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | repens /ʁə.pɑ̃/ |
repens /ʁə.pɑ̃/ |
repent /ʁə.pɑ̃/ |
repentons /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɔ̃/ |
repentez /ʁə.pɑ̃.te/ |
repentent /ʁə.pɑ̃t/ |
| imperfect | repentais /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɛ/ |
repentais /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɛ/ |
repentait /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɛ/ |
repentions /ʁə.pɑ̃.tjɔ̃/ |
repentiez /ʁə.pɑ̃.tje/ |
repentaient /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | repentis /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti/ |
repentis /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti/ |
repentit /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti/ |
repentîmes /ʁə.pɑ̃.tim/ |
repentîtes /ʁə.pɑ̃.tit/ |
repentirent /ʁə.pɑ̃.tiʁ/ | |
| future | repentirai /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁe/ |
repentiras /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁa/ |
repentira /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁa/ |
repentirons /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁɔ̃/ |
repentirez /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁe/ |
repentiront /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | repentirais /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁɛ/ |
repentirais /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁɛ/ |
repentirait /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁɛ/ |
repentirions /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ |
repentiriez /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁje/ |
repentiraient /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | repente /ʁə.pɑ̃t/ |
repentes /ʁə.pɑ̃t/ |
repente /ʁə.pɑ̃t/ |
repentions /ʁə.pɑ̃.tjɔ̃/ |
repentiez /ʁə.pɑ̃.tje/ |
repentent /ʁə.pɑ̃t/ |
| imperfect2 | repentisse /ʁə.pɑ̃.tis/ |
repentisses /ʁə.pɑ̃.tis/ |
repentît /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti/ |
repentissions /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
repentissiez /ʁə.pɑ̃.ti.sje/ |
repentissent /ʁə.pɑ̃.tis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | repens /ʁə.pɑ̃/ |
— | repentons /ʁə.pɑ̃.tɔ̃/ |
repentez /ʁə.pɑ̃.te/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
- In the passé composé the past participle should agree with the subject in gender and number: "Et je lui ai donné du temps, afin qu'elle se repentît de sa prostitution; mais elle ne s'est point repentie." (Revelation 2:21, Martin translation)
Further reading
- “repentir” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French repentir.
Old French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *repoenitere (with a change of conjugation), from re- + Latin paenitēre, present active infinitive of paeniteō.