tressaillir
French
Etymology
From saillir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʁe.sa.jiʁ/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This verb is part of a small group of verbs in -ir that conjugate in the indicative imperfect and present, the subjunctive present, and the present participle, as if they ended in -er. They are sometimes written with an ‘e’ in the future and imperfect, like cueillir and other verbs in -llir.
Conjugation of tressaillir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | tressaillant /tʁe.sa.jɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | tressailli /tʁe.sa.ji/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | tressaillir | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | tressaillant /tʁe.sa.jɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | tressaille /tʁe.saj/ |
tressailles /tʁe.saj/ |
tressaille /tʁe.saj/ |
tressaillons /tʁe.sa.jɔ̃/ |
tressaillez /tʁe.sa.je/ |
tressaillent /tʁe.saj/ |
| imperfect | tressaillais /tʁe.sa.jɛ/ |
tressaillais /tʁe.sa.jɛ/ |
tressaillait /tʁe.sa.jɛ/ |
tressaillions /tʁe.saj.jɔ̃/ |
tressailliez /tʁe.saj.je/ |
tressaillaient /tʁe.sa.jɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | tressaillis /tʁe.sa.ji/ |
tressaillis /tʁe.sa.ji/ |
tressaillit /tʁe.sa.ji/ |
tressaillîmes /tʁe.sa.jim/ |
tressaillîtes /tʁe.sa.jit/ |
tressaillirent /tʁe.sa.jiʁ/ | |
| future | tressaillirai or tressaillerai /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁe/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁe/ |
tressailliras or tressailleras /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁa/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁa/ |
tressaillira or tressaillera /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁa/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁa/ |
tressaillirons or tressaillerons /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁɔ̃/ |
tressaillirez or tressaillerez /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁe/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁe/ |
tressailliront or tressailleront /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | tressaillirais or tressaillerais /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁɛ/ |
tressaillirais or tressaillerais /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁɛ/ |
tressaillirait or tressaillerait /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁɛ/ |
tressaillirions or tressaillerions /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁjɔ̃/ or /tʁe.sa.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
tressailliriez or tressailleriez /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁje/ or /tʁe.sa.jə.ʁje/ |
tressailliraient or tressailleraient /tʁe.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /tʁe.saj.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | tressaille /tʁe.saj/ |
tressailles /tʁe.saj/ |
tressaille /tʁe.saj/ |
tressaillions /tʁe.saj.jɔ̃/ |
tressailliez /tʁe.saj.je/ |
tressaillent /tʁe.saj/ |
| imperfect2 | tressaillisse /tʁe.sa.jis/ |
tressaillisses /tʁe.sa.jis/ |
tressaillît /tʁe.sa.ji/ |
tressaillissions /tʁe.sa.ji.sjɔ̃/ |
tressaillissiez /tʁe.sa.ji.sje/ |
tressaillissent /tʁe.sa.jis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | tressaille /tʁe.saj/ |
— | tressaillons /tʁe.sa.jɔ̃/ |
tressaillez /tʁe.sa.je/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “tressaillir” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Old French
Descendants
- Middle French: tressaillir
- French: tressaillir
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (tressaillir, supplement)
- “tressaillir” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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