Amiphenazole

Amiphenazole
Clinical data
ATC code
  • none
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 5-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-2,4-diamine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.007.013
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Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H9N3S
Molar mass191.25 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(N=C(S2)N)N
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C9H9N3S/c10-8-7(13-9(11)12-8)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,10H2,(H2,11,12) checkY
  • Key:UPOYFZYFGWBUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Amiphenazole (Daptazile) is a respiratory stimulant traditionally used as an antidote for barbiturate or opiate overdose, usually in combination with bemegride,[1][2] as well as poisoning from other sedative drugs[3][4] and treatment of respiratory failure from other causes.[5] It was considered particularly useful as it could counteract the sedation and respiratory depression produced by morphine but with less effect on analgesia.[6][7] It is still rarely used in medicine in some countries, although it has largely been replaced by more effective respiratory stimulants such as doxapram and specific opioid antagonists such as naloxone.[8][9]

References

  1. ↑ Worlock A (November 1956). "Barbiturate poisoning treated with amiphenazole and bemegride". British Medical Journal. 2 (5001): 1099–101. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5001.1099. PMC 2035840. PMID 13364395.
  2. ↑ Mears GW (March 1958). "Massive doses of bemegride and amiphenazole in treatment of barbiturate poisoning". British Medical Journal. 1 (5073): 757–8. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5073.757. PMC 2028148. PMID 13510792.
  3. ↑ Dotevall G, Herner B (August 1957). "Treatment of acute primidone poisoning with bemegride and amiphenazole". British Medical Journal. 2 (5042): 451–2. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5042.451. PMC 1961943. PMID 13446511.
  4. ↑ Rowell NR (February 1957). "Treatment of glutethimide poisoning with bemegride and amiphenazole". Lancet. 272 (6965): 407–9. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(57)90466-x. PMID 13407028.
  5. ↑ Little GM (January 1962). "Use of amiphenazole in respiratory failure". British Medical Journal. 1 (5273): 223–6. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5273.223. PMC 1957266. PMID 14465883.
  6. ↑ Mckeogh J, Shaw FH (January 1956). "Further experience with amiphenazole and morphine in intractable pain". British Medical Journal. 1 (4959): 142–4. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4959.142. PMC 1978927. PMID 13276651.
  7. ↑ Gershon S, Bruce DW, Orchard N, Shaw FH (August 1958). "Amiphenazole and morphine in production of analgesia". British Medical Journal. 2 (5092): 366–8. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5092.366. PMC 2025982. PMID 13560868.
  8. ↑ Gairola RL, Gupta PK, Pandley K (January 1980). "Antagonists of morphine-induced respiratory depression. A study in postoperative patients". Anaesthesia. 35 (1): 17–21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1980.tb03714.x. PMID 6994518.
  9. ↑ O'Neill WM (1994). "The cognitive and psychomotor effects of opioid drugs in cancer pain management". Cancer Surveys. 21: 67–84. PMID 8565000.
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