Nitrospirota

Nitrospirota
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Nitrospirota

Garrity & Holt 2021[1]
Class & Order
Synonyms
  • "Nitrospirae" Garrity and Holt 2001
  • "Nitrospiraeota" Oren et al. 2015
  • "Nitrospirota" Whitman et al. 2018

Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as Nitrospira, the largest. The first member of this phylum, Nitrospira marina, was discovered in 1985.[2] The second member, Nitrospira moscoviensis, was discovered in 1995.[3][4]

Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB[5]) and commamox bacteria Nitrospira inopinata discovered in 2015[6][7] and cultivated in 2017.[8]

Phylogeny

16S rRNA-based LTP release 132 by The All-Species Living Tree Project[9] Annotree v1.2.0[10][11] which uses the GTDB 05-RS95 (Genome Taxonomy Database)[12][13]
 
Leptospirillum
 

L. ferriphilum

 
 

L. ferrooxidans

 
 
Thermodesulfovibrio
 

T. hydrogeniphilus

 
 
 

T. aggregans

 
 
 

T. thiophilus

 
 
 

T. islandicus

 
 

T. yellowstonii

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
"Thermodesulfovibrionia"
 

"Ca. Magnetobacterium casense"

 
 
 

"Ca. Sulfobium mesophilum"

 
Thermodesulfovibrio
 

T. aggregans

 
 
 

T. thiophilus

 
 

T. yellowstonii

 
 
 
 
 
 
"Leptospirillum"
 

L. ferrooxidans

 
 
 

"L. rubarum"

 
 

L. ferriphilum

 
 
 
Nitrospiria
 

"Ca. Manganitrophus noduliformans"

 
Nitrospira
 

"N. defluvii"

 
 
 

"N. japonica"

 
 
 

"N. lenta"

 
 
 

N. moscoviensis

 
 
 

"Ca. N. inopinata"

 
 
 

"Ca. N. nitrosa"

 
 

"Ca. N. nitrificans"

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)[14] and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4]

  • Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021
    • Genus "Candidatus Troglogloea" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
      • Species "Ca. T. absolonii" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
    • Class "Leptospirillia"
      • Order "Leptospirillales"
        • Family "Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020
          • Genus Leptospirillum Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
            • Species "L. ferrodiazotrophum" Tyson et al. 2005
            • Species L. ferriphilum Coram & Rawlings 2002
            • Species L. ferrooxidans Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
            • Species "L. rubarum" Aliaga Goltsman et al. 2009
            • Species L. thermoferrooxidans Hippe 2000
    • Class Nitrospiria Oren et al. 2015
      • Genus "Candidatus Manganitrophus" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
        • Species "Ca. M. noduliformans" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
      • Order "Nitrospirales" Garrity & Holt 2001
        • Family "Nitrospiraceae" Garrity & Holt 2001
          • Genus Nitrospira Watson et al. 1986
            • Species "Ca. N. alkalitolerans" Daebeler et al. 2020
            • Species "Ca. N. bockiana" Lebedeva et al. 2008
            • Species "Ca. N. inopinata" Daims et al. 2015
            • Species "Ca. N. kreftii" Sakoula et al. 2021
            • Species "Ca. N. nitrificans" van Kessel et al. 2015
            • Species "Ca. N. nitrosa" van Kessel et al. 2015
            • Species "Ca. N. salsa" Haaijer et al. 2013
            • Species N. calida Lebedeva et al. 2011
            • Species N. defluvii Nowka et al. 2015
            • Species N. japonica Ushiki et al. 2013
            • Species N. lenta Nowka et al. 2015
            • Species N. marina Watson et al. 1986 (type sp.)
            • Species N. moscoviensis Ehrich et al. 1995
    • Class Thermodesulfovibrionia Umezawa et al. 2021
      • Order "Thermodesulfovibrionales" Umezawa et al. 2021
        • Genus "Candidatus Sulfobium" Zecchin et al. 2018
          • Species "Ca. S. mesophilum" Zecchin et al. 2018
        • Family ""Dissulfurispiraceae" Umezawa et al. 2021
          • Genus "Dissulfurispira" Umezawa et al. 2021
            • Species "D. thermophila" Umezawa et al. 2021
        • Family "Magnetobacteriaceae"
          • Genus "Candidatus Magnetobacterium" Spring et al. 1993
            • Species "Ca. M. bavaricum" Spring et al. 1993
            • Species "Ca. M. casensis" Lin et al. 2014
          • Genus "Candidatus Magnetoovum" Lefevre et al. 2011
            • Species "Ca. M. mohavensis" Lefevre et al. 2011
            • Species "Ca. M. chiemensis" Kolinko 2014
        • Family "Thermodesulfovibrionaceae" Umezawa et al. 2021
          • Genus Thermodesulfovibrio Henry et al. 1994 emend. Sekiguchi et al. 2008
            • Species T. aggregans Sekiguchi et al. 2008
            • Species T. hydrogeniphilus Haouari et al. 2009
            • Species T. islandicus Sonne-Hansen and Ahring 2000
            • Species T. thiophilus Sekiguchi et al. 2008
            • Species T. yellowstonii Henry et al. 1994 (type sp.)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987.
  2. ↑ Watson SW, Bock E, Valois FW, Waterbury JB, Schlosser U (1986). "Nitrospira marina gen. nov. sp. nov.: a chemolithotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium". Arch Microbiol. 144 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1007/BF00454947. S2CID 29796511.
  3. ↑ Ehrich S, Behrens D, Lebedeva E, Ludwig W, Bock E (July 1995). "A new obligately chemolithoautotrophic, nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrospira moscoviensis sp. nov. and its phylogenetic relationship". Archives of Microbiology. 164 (1): 16–23. doi:10.1007/BF02568729. PMID 7646315. S2CID 2702110.
  4. 1 2 Sayers. "Nitrospirae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2016-03-20.
  5. ↑ Daims H, Nielsen JL, Nielsen PH, Schleifer KH, Wagner M (November 2001). "In situ characterization of Nitrospira-like nitrite-oxidizing bacteria active in wastewater treatment plants". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67 (11): 5273–84. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.11.5273-5284.2001. PMC 93301. PMID 11679356.
  6. ↑ Daims H, Lebedeva EV, Pjevac P, Han P, Herbold C, Albertsen M, et al. (December 2015). "Complete nitrification by Nitrospira bacteria". Nature. 528 (7583): 504–9. Bibcode:2015Natur.528..504D. doi:10.1038/nature16461. PMC 5152751. PMID 26610024.
  7. ↑ van Kessel MA, Speth DR, Albertsen M, Nielsen PH, Op den Camp HJ, Kartal B, et al. (December 2015). "Complete nitrification by a single microorganism". Nature. 528 (7583): 555–9. Bibcode:2015Natur.528..555V. doi:10.1038/nature16459. PMC 4878690. PMID 26610025.
  8. ↑ Kits KD, Sedlacek CJ, Lebedeva EV, Han P, Bulaev A, Pjevac P, et al. (September 2017). "Kinetic analysis of a complete nitrifier reveals an oligotrophic lifestyle". Nature. 549 (7671): 269–272. Bibcode:2017Natur.549..269K. doi:10.1038/nature23679. PMC 5600814. PMID 28847001.
  9. ↑ All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 132". Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  10. ↑ "AnnoTree v1.2.0". AnnoTree.
  11. ↑ Mendler, K; Chen, H; Parks, DH; Hug, LA; Doxey, AC (2019). "AnnoTree: visualization and exploration of a functionally annotated microbial tree of life". Nucleic Acids Research. 47 (9): 4442–4448. doi:10.1093/nar/gkz246. PMC 6511854. PMID 31081040.
  12. ↑ "GTDB release 05-RS95". Genome Taxonomy Database.
  13. ↑ Parks, DH; Chuvochina, M; Chaumeil, PA; Rinke, C; Mussig, AJ; Hugenholtz, P (September 2020). "A complete domain-to-species taxonomy for Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Biotechnology. 38 (9): 1079–1086. bioRxiv 10.1101/771964. doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0501-8. PMID 32341564. S2CID 216560589.
  14. ↑ Euzéby JP. ""Nitrospirae"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2016-03-20.

Further reading


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