1889 United States gubernatorial elections

United States gubernatorial elections were held in 1889, in eleven states.

1889 United States gubernatorial elections
November 5, 1889;
April 3, 1889 (RI);
October 1, 1889 (MT, ND, SD, WA)
11 governorships
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic Republican
Seats before 19 19
Seats after 22 20
Seat change Increase3 Increase1
Seats up 3 4
Seats won 6 5
     Democratic gain      Democratic hold
     Republican gain      Republican hold

Virginia holds its gubernatorial elections in odd numbered years, every 4 years, following the United States presidential election year. New Jersey at this time held gubernatorial elections every 3 years, which it abandoned in 1949. Massachusetts and Rhode Island both elected its governors to a single-year term, which they abandoned in 1920 and 1912, respectively. Iowa and Ohio at this time held gubernatorial elections in every odd numbered year.

Mississippi at this time held its gubernatorial elections in odd numbered years, every 4 years, following the United States presidential election year. This was the last election in which this was the case; Mississippi switched to four-year terms with elections in the year preceding the presidential election year starting with the 1895 elections.

Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Washington held their first gubernatorial elections on achieving statehood. Each of these states held early elections on October 1, 1889.

Results
StateIncumbentPartyStatusOpposing candidates
Iowa William Larrabee Republican Lost re-nomination,[1] Democratic victory Horace Boies (Democratic) 49.90%
Joseph Hutchinson (Republican) 48.08%
S. B. Downing (Union Labor) 1.60%
Malcolm Smith (Prohibition) 0.38%
Elias Doty (Greenback) 0.01%
Scattering 0.02%
[2][3]
Massachusetts Oliver Ames Republican Retired, Republican victory John Q. A. Brackett (Republican) 48.40%
William E. Russell (Democratic) 45.83%
John Blackmer (Prohibition) 5.74%
Scattering 0.02%
[4][5]
Mississippi Robert Lowry Democratic Term-limited, Democratic victory John Marshall Stone (Democratic) 99.98%
Scattering 0.02%
[6][7]
Montana
(held, 1 October 1889)		 New state Joseph Toole (Democratic) 50.75%
Thomas C. Power (Republican) 49.25%
[8]
New Jersey Robert Stockton Green Democratic Term-limited, Democratic victory Leon Abbett (Democratic) 51.37%
Edward Burd Grubb Jr. (Republican) 46.08%
George La Monte (Prohibition) 2.55%
[9]
North Dakota
(held, 1 October 1889)		 New state John Miller (Republican) 66.58%
William N. Roach (Democratic) 33.42%
[10][11]
Ohio Joseph B. Foraker Republican Defeated, 47.52% James E. Campbell (Democratic) 48.93%
John B. Helwig (Prohibition) 3.42%
John H. Rhodes (Union Labor) 0.14%
[12][13]
Rhode Island
(held, 3 April 1889)		 Royal C. Taft Republican Declined re-nomination,[14] Republican victory; since no candidate received an outright majority, the result was decided by the Rhode Island General Assembly John W. Davis (Democratic) 49.38%
Herbert W. Ladd (Republican) 39.13%[lower-alpha 1]
James H. Chace (Law Enforcement) 8.34%
Harrison H. Richardson (Prohibition) 3.12%
Scattering 0.02%
[15][16]
South Dakota
(held, 1 October 1889)		 New state Arthur C. Mellette (Republican) 69.36%
P. F. McClure (Democratic) 30.64%
[17][18][19][20]
Virginia Fitzhugh Lee Democratic Term-limited, Democratic victory Philip W. McKinney (Democratic) 57.33%
William Mahone (Republican) 42.33%
Thomas E. Taylor (Prohibition) 0.31%
Scattering 0.03%
[21][22][lower-alpha 2]
Washington
(held, 1 October 1889)		 New state Elisha Peyre Ferry (Republican) 57.68%
Eugene Semple (Democratic) 42.32%
[37]

References
  1. "Iowa Republican Convention". Wichita eagle. Wichita, Kan. August 15, 1889. p. 2. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  2. "IA Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  3. "Journal of the Senate of the Twenty-Third General Assembly of the State of Iowa, which convened at the Capitol at Des Moines, January 13, 1890". Vols. For Have Title:journal of the Senate. Journal of the Senate of the ... General Assembly of the State of Iowa (1851). Des Moines: G. H. Ragsdale, State Printer: 56. 1890.
  4. "MA Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  5. Coolidge, Henry D.; McLaughlin, Edward A. (1890). Manual for the use of the General Court, &c. Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Company, State Printers. p. 312.
  6. "MS Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  7. Rowland, Dunbar (1908). The Official and Statistical Register of the State of Mississippi, 1908. Nashville, Tenn.: Press of the Brandon Printing Company. p. 245.
  8. "MT Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  9. "NJ Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  10. "ND Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  11. State of North Dakota. 1907 Legislative Manual (PDF). Bismarck, N. D.: Tribune, Printers and Binders. 1907. p. 183.
  12. "OH Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  13. "Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Ohio, for the Regular Session of the Sixty-Ninth General Assembly, commencing Monday, January 6, 1890". Ohio House Journal. Journal of the House of Representatives of the ... General Assembly of the State of Ohio (1975). Akron, Ohio: The Werner Ptg. & Light. Co. LXXXVI: 32. 1890.
  14. "Quick Work". St. Paul daily globe. Saint Paul, Minn. March 22, 1889. p. 1. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  15. "RI Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  16. Samuel H. Cross, Secretary of State (1889). Manual with Rules and Orders for the use of the General Assembly, of the State of Rhode Island. 1889-90. State of Rhode Island manual. Providence. R.I.: E. L. Freeman & Son, State Printers. p. 109.
  17. "SD Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  18. "1889–1900 Election Returns" (PDF). South Dakota Secretary of State. Pierre, South Dakota. p. 4. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  19. Elections (PDF). p. 616. Retrieved 12 April 2021. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  20. "South Dakota Gubernatorial Elections, 1889-2006" (PDF). www.politicsandgovernance.org. Historical Election Archive, Center for the Study of Politics and Governance, Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-06-06. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  21. "Journal of the House of Delegates of the State of Virginia, for the Session of 1889-90". House Journal. 1829/30-1940: House documents. Richmond: J. H. O'Bannon, Superintendent of Public Printing: 48. 1889.
  22. Journal of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Virginia begun and held at the Capitol in the City of Richmond, on Wednesday, December 4, 1889, &c., &c. Richmond: J. H. O'Bannon, Superintendent of Public Printing. 1889. p. 41.
  23. "Virginia's Vote". The morning news. Savannah, Ga. 6 December 1889. p. 1. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  24. "The Official Vote". Alexandria gazette. Alexandria, Va. 7 December 1889. p. 1. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  25. Tribune Almanac 1890, pp. 85–86.
  26. World Almanac 1890, p. 285.
  27. Compiled by Geo. E. Plumbe, A. B., LL. B. (1890). The Daily News and Political Register for 1890. Chicago, Ill.: The Chicago Daily News Company. p. 140.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  28. McBride, Alexander, ed. (1890). The Evening Journal Almanac, 1890. Albany, N.Y.: Weed, Parsons & Co. pp. 92–93.
  29. Piper 1895, p. 133.
  30. "1889 Governor General Election". 12 April 2021.
  31. Guide to U.S. Elections, Fifth Edition. Vol. II. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2005. p. 1535. ISBN 978-1-56802-981-8.
  32. "VA Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  33. Glashan 1979, pp. 326–327.
  34. Kallenbach, Joseph E.; Kallenbach, Jessamine S., eds. (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Vol. I. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, Inc. p. 617. ISBN 0-379-00665-0.
  35. The Warrock-Richardson Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina Almanack for the Year 1892, &c., &c. Richmond: James E. Goode, Publisher. 1878. pp. 40–41.
  36. Dubin 2014, p. 15.
  37. "WA Governor, 1889". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.

Notes
  1. Since no candidate received 50% of the vote, the state legislature decided the election. Ladd was elected.
  2. The result given (McKinney 164,212, Mahone 121,257, Taylor 897, Scattering 81) is that declared in joint assembly on December 7, 1889 and recorded in the journals of the two houses of the Virginia General Assembly.
    However, the various contemporary and later sources give three different results, as follows:
    1. McKinney 162,654, Mahone 120,477, Taylor 897;[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]
    2. McKinney 163,180, Mahone 121,240, Taylor 897;[30][31][32][33][34]
    3. McKinney 164,212, Mahone 121,257, Taylor 897.[35][36]
    Assessment is hindered because the sources which include tabulations of the city and county results do not agree, and the sums of the individual results in no case agree with the totals. It is most likely that the actual result was McKinney 163,180, Mahone 121,240, Taylor 897.

Bibliography
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