August 1979

The following events occurred in August 1979:

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August 27, 1979: Irish terrorists assassinate Lord Mountbatten

August 1, 1979 (Wednesday)
  • Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo was sworn into office as the first female Prime Minister of Portugal, after forming a cabinet of ministers at the request of President António Ramalho Eanes.[1]
  • The government of Romania's President Nicolae Ceausescu issued an order requiring all foreign visitors to purchase gasoline using only Western European or North American currency, something unavailable to most vacationers who came to or passed through Romania to stay at beach resorts on the Black Sea.[2] Until then, Eastern Europeans were able to use their own currencies in Romania, which would then exchange the monies with the issuing nations. In response, the neighboring Eastern European nations of Hungary and Czechoslovakia immediately barred travel to Romania. Ceaucescu reversed the order two days later.[3]
  • Italian Minister of the Treasury Filippo Maria Pandolfi, designated to become Prime Minister of Italy by President Sandro Pertini if Pandolfi could form a coalition government, announced his failure to put together a cabinet. The Italian Socialist Party had withdrawn its earlier agreement to help Pandolfi's Christian Democracy party.[4]
  • The South American nation of Bolivia swore in members of an elected Congress for the first time in more than a decade, administering the oath of office to 27 senators and 117 deputies who had won seats in the July 1 election. The new Bolivian Congress was tasked with selecting a civilian president as none of the 8 presidential candidates on July 1 had received a majority of the vote. At the time, Víctor Paz Estenssoro had the support of 64 of the 144 members of the Congress, nine short of the required 73 needed to be elected president.[5]
  • Born: Jason Momoa, American film and TV actor known for his portrayal of Aquaman; in Honolulu

August 2, 1979 (Thursday)
  • Major League Baseball star Thurman Munson was killed during a day off from playing for the New York Yankees, while practicing takeoffs and landings with his private jet, a Cessna Citation I.[6] At 3:02 p.m. local time, Munson, his business partner, Jerry Anderson, and flight instructor Dave Hall were on approach for his fourth landing at the Akron-Canton Regional Airport in Ohio, had glided in too low as he approached a runway, causing his plane to strike the top of a tree and then hit a tree stump. Hall and Anderson survived the impact and a subsequent fire, while Munson broke his neck and died from smoke inhalation when the plane caught on fire. In Munson's last game, a 9 to 1 win over the Chicago White Sox the night before, he had one run after reaching first base in his lone at bat, then struck out and slightly injured his knee at his next at bat.[7]
  • The supertanker SS Atlantic Empress, insured for $85 million, sank in the Caribbean Sea along with its cargo of 275,000 tons of crude oil. The ship had been burning since July 19, when it collided with another tanker, the Aegean Captain, 20 miles (32 km) east of the island of Tobago.[8]
  • The Baltimore Orioles baseball team, controlled by Jerold Hoffberger since 1965, was purchased from Hoffberger by lawyer Edward Bennett Williams for $12,000,000.
  • Died: Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, 84, Peruvian politician and President of the Constituent Assembly that drafted the South American republic's constitution weeks earlier.

August 3, 1979 (Friday)
picture1
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Macias and nephew Obiang

August 4, 1979 (Saturday)

August 5, 1979 (Sunday)

August 6, 1979 (Monday)
  • American economist Paul Volcker was sworn into office as the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, and would guide U.S. economic planning for more than eight years.
  • Bolivia's Congress, faced with selecting a civilian president after no candidate in the July 1 popular election had received a majority of the vote, voted for Walter Guevara Arze as the nation's interim president for a one-year term until new general elections could be held.[20]
  • Died: Feodor Lynen, 68, German biochemist and recipient of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

August 7, 1979 (Tuesday)

August 8, 1979 (Wednesday)

August 9, 1979 (Thursday)

August 10, 1979 (Friday)

August 11, 1979 (Saturday)
  • The collapse of the Machchu-2 dam killed at least 1,800 people in the Indian state of Gujarat as the Machchu River rushed down on the city of Morbi, destroying or irreparably damaging more than half of the buildings with a 20 foot (6.1 m) high wall of water.[38][39] Some estimates placed the number of deaths at as much as 25,000.
  • The mid-air collision of two Soviet Tu-134A jet airliners killed all 178 people on both planes. Aeroflot Flight 7628, a Tu-134 passenger jet with 88 passengers and six crew was flying southwest from Voronezh in the Russian SFSR to the Moldavian SSR city of Kishinev (now Chișinău in Moldova), while Aeroflot Flight 7880 was flying northwest from Donetsk in the Ukrainian SSR to Minsk in the Byelorussian SSR when the two planes collided at an altitude of 8,400 metres (27,600 ft) after a mistake by an air traffic controller. The wreckage came down on the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR.[40] Killed in the crash of the plane from Donetsk was Tashkent's Pakhtakor soccer football team, which had been scheduled to play against the team at Minsk; the government newspaper Izvestia reported on August 14 that the game was postponed, without mentioning the plane crash. Four days after the disaster, the official Soviet news agency TASS reported it nationwide, with the statement that the two airliners "suffered a catastrophe" and that there were no survivors.[41]
  • Mauritania, which had taken split control of the Western Sahara with Morocco in 1975 and named the southern portion Tiris al-Gharbiyya, ceded control of the former Spanish colony to Morocco.
  • Shehu Shagari finished first among five candidates in the first presidential election in Nigeria, with almost 5.7 million votes and more than one third of those cast. Obafemi Awolowo finished second with 4.9 million votes.[42]
  • The FA Charity Shield, an annual soccer football match in England between the most recent winners of the regular season championship of The Football League and the FA Cup winner, was held at Wembley Stadium before a crowd of 92,800. Liverpool, the League champion, defeated Cup winner Arsenal, 3 to 1.
  • Dinamo Tbilisi won the Soviet Cup soccer football competition, defeating Dynamo Moscow on a penalty shoot-out after the match had finished on a 0 to 0 draw after extra time. Tbilisi made all five of its penalty kicks, while Dynamo Moscow had missed one.[43]
  • Born: Drew Nelson, Canadian TV actor; in Etobicoke, Ontario
  • Died:
    • Antonina Makarova, 59, Soviet Russian war criminal and collaborator with Germany, was executed by a firing squad three years after she had been located by the KGB after more than 30 years of eluding discovery. Makarova was only the third woman to be legally executed in the Soviet Union after the end of the Stalin era.[44]
    • Robert Martinson, 52, American sociologist and prison reform advisor, killed himself by jumping from the 15th floor of the apartment building where he lived.

August 12, 1979 (Sunday)
  • The government of Italy's Prime Minister Francesco Cossiga won a vote of confidence in the Italian Senate, 153 to 118, a day after winning the vote in the Chamber of Deputies, 287 to 242. Cossiga's formation of a three-party coalition of his Christian Democracy party, Social Democrats and Liberals and its approval by both houses of Parliament ended [45] more than six months after the resignation of Giulio Andreotti and his cabinet on January 31.
  • Sugar Ray Leonard won his first professional boxing title, the North American Boxing Federation (NABF) welterweight championship, by knocking out NABF champion Pete Ranzany in the fourth round of a bout at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas. The win made Leonard eligible to compete for the World Boxing Council welterweight title, which he would win three months later on November 30 by defeating previously unbeaten WBC champion Wilfred Benítez in a 15th round TKO.
  • Born:
  • Died: Ernst Chain, 73, German-born British biochemist and co-recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

August 13, 1979 (Monday)
  • The collapse of the wood frame roof of the Rosemont Horizon arena in the Chicago suburb of Rosemont, Illinois killed five construction workers and injured 16 others. At 8:30 in the morning, the roof broke apart while 26 workers were on top of it.[46] A subsequent investigation determined that less than half of the connection bolts necessary for the frame had been in place, and of 944 girder bolts required for the connections, 500 had not been put in place and another 106 were not properly fastened.
  • American smugglers who had been paid to transport 18 refugees from Haiti to Florida in the United States, ordered all the passengers off of the boat at gunpoint roughly 450 yards (410 m) from shore, and threw others overboard. Five children and a young mother drowned, and 12 others survived and were rescued. Deputies of the sheriff's department of Palm Beach County, Florida witnessed the incident and arrested the two boat operators on charges of six counts of murder.[47]
  • Mehdi Araghi, director of the Qasr Prison in Iran for the Ayatollah Khomeini, was assassinated.
  • South African Prime Minister P. W. Botha signed a proclamation granting legislative powers to the National Assembly of South-West Africa for partial self-government of the future nation of Namibia, at the time under the control of the white minority government of South Africa under a United Nations mandate.[48]

August 14, 1979 (Tuesday)

August 15, 1979 (Wednesday)

August 16, 1979 (Thursday)
  • The first confirmed birth of octuplets with infants surviving long enough to be taken home took place in Naples. Pasqualina Chianese gave birth to eight babies, two of whom survived. Six of the children died within two weeks of their birth, but Silvania Chianese was released on November 2 at age 11 weeks.[53] Her sister Anna Chianese was released later in November.
  • Shehu Shagari of the Great Nigeria People's Party was certified as the winner of the 1979 Nigerian presidential election, over the protests of the other three candidates in the election, despite early returns that showed Chief Obafemi Awolowo of the Unity Party to have the lead.[54] Under the rules set by the electoral commission established by the military, the winning candidate was required to receive at least 25 percent of the vote in at least 13 of the 19 states of Nigeria and to have received the most votes overall, and the other candidates asserted that Shagari had at least 25 percent in only 12 states, falling short in Kano.[55] Oyeleye Oyediran, The Nigerian 1979 Elections (Macmillan Nigeria, 1981). Awolowo filed a lawsuit after the national Election Tribunal dismissed his objections, and the Supreme Court of Nigeria would rule in Shagari's favor on September 26. [56]
  • Died:
    • John G. Diefenbaker, 83, Prime Minister of Canada from 1957 to 1963 [57]
    • Dr. Walter Schultze, 85, physician and Nazi German government official who set the policies of German universities from 1935 to 1943 as Reichsdozentenführer and was later convicted of war crimes for his participation in the Aktion T4 involuntary euthanasia of people in mental institutions.

August 17, 1979 (Friday)
  • The controversial film Monty Python's Life of Brian, a satire of the Christian religion, premiered in the United States. It would make its British debut on November 8.
  • Orlando Serrell, a 10-year-old African-American boy, was struck on the left side of his head by a baseball while playing and became an acquired savant, gaining the ability to retain memories of every day since the accident.[58]
  • The last issue of the British weekly tabloid Reveille was published.
  • Died: Vivian Vance (stage name for Vivian Roberta Jones), 70, American TV actress and Emmy Award winner for her portrayal of Ethel Mertz on I Love Lucy

August 18, 1979 (Saturday)
  • In Iran, the Ayatollah Khomeini declared himself commander-in-chief of Iran's military and ordered the nation's armed forces to crush the Kurdish rebellion within 24 hours.[59][60]
  • Six teenagers, ranging in age from 15 to 18, were killed after being run over by another car while watching a drag race near Orlando, Florida.[61]

August 19, 1979 (Sunday)

August 20, 1979 (Monday)

August 21, 1979 (Tuesday)
  • The Lagos Accord was signed in the capital of Nigeria, by representatives of 11 warring factions to bring an end to the civil war in the African nation of Chad after 14 years of fighting.[67] Under the accord, the parties agreed to a Transitional Government of National Unity (Gouvernement d'Union Nationale de Transition or GUNT) with Goukouni Oueddei as President, Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué as Vice President and former Prime Minister Hissène Habré as Defense Minister. A peacekeeping force was supplied by the Organisation of African Unity from three neighboring nations to enforce the Accord, but fighting between the forces of Habré and Oueddei would break out five months later.
  • Alexander Godunov, the principal male dancer with the Soviet Union's Bolshoi Ballet, defected to the United States while the ballet troupe was in New York City.[68] His wife Lyudmila Vlasova was placed on Aeroflot Flight 316 to Moscow, which was stopped from taking off [69] until U.S. authorities determined after three days that Vlasova was sincere in her wish to return to the USSR. Vlasova and the 52 other passengers and crew had remained on the jetliner for 72 hours, refusing to get back out of the plane after boarding.[70] The Soviet press agency TASS did not acknowledge Godunov's defection and informed Soviet citizens that Godunov had "disappeared under circumstances which are not yet clear." [71]
  • The head-on collision of a freight train and a passenger train in Thailand killed almost 50 people and injured more than 100, near the Taling Chan railway station on the other side of the Chao Phraya River from Bangkok.[72]
  • A group of 17 men and six women arrived in Cairo as part of the first tour group from Israel to visit Egypt. Although people with Israeli passports had been allowed to visit for business purposes since December, 1977, the Tourolam Ltd. agency of Tel Aviv was the first to bring Israelis to Egypt for a vacation.[73]

August 22, 1979 (Wednesday)
  • An annular solar eclipse was visible from Antarctica, south Pacific.
  • United States Representative Michael "Ozzie" Myers, a Democrat from Pennsylvania, traveled to a room in the TraveLodge hotel near the Kennedy Airport in New York, where he met with two representatives of a company called Abdul Enterprises which was seeking to obtain a license to open a casino. Myers accepted a bribe of $50,000 in cash from one of the representatives, Tony DeVito, in return for introducing the sheikhs to influential friends, then made the statement "Money talks in this business and bullshit walks," adding "and it works the same way down in Washington." On February 2, 1980, Myers would learn that DeVito was actually an undercover FBI agent, Anthony Amoroso, who was participating in the FBI's Abscam investigation of political corruption. Myers was expelled from the House of Representatives later in 1980 after being convicted of bribery.[74]
  • India's President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy dissolved the Lok Sabha, lower house of India's parliament, and announced that new elections would be held in November.[75]
  • Died: James T. Farrell, 75, American novelist known for his series of books that created the character Studs Lonigan[76]

August 23, 1979 (Thursday)
  • The Baltic Appeal, a petition to the leaders of the Soviet Union from residents the three republics of the USSR that had been created from the annexation of the independent nations of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, was sent the Soviet Communist Party leadership, with copies to the leaders of the United Nations, East Germany, West Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States.[77] Signed by 45 independence activists led by Latvian Ints Cālītis, Lithuanian Vytautas Bogušis and Estonian Enn Tarto, the document sought the independence of the Baltic states and a public disclosure and annulment of the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact signed by the foreign ministers of the USSR and Nazi Germany in 1939.

August 24, 1979 (Friday)
  • Polisario Front guerrillas in the Moroccan-occupied Western Sahara captured a desert outpost of the Army of Morocco and killed 230 Moroccan soldiers in a surprise attack on the garrison of Labyar (formerly Lebuirate). The garrison was recaptured by reinforcements from Morocco the next day.[78]
  • The Facts of Life began a nine-season run on U.S. television as a situation comedy set at an all-girls boarding school. The show, starring Charlotte Rae, was a spin-off from NBC's successful Diff'rent Strokes.
  • The B-52s new wave band performed a concert in Boston that would be recorded as a live album and released as Live! 8-24-1979.
  • Born: Elva Hsiao (Xiao Ya-chih), Taiwanese pop music star; in Taoyuan City
  • Died:
    • Hanna Reitsch, 67, German aviator and test pilot who was the first woman to pilot a rocket plane (the Me-163) and the first woman to pilot a jet aircraft (the Me-262 and the He-162)
    • Ahmad Daouk, 87, Prime Minister of Lebanon during the French Mandate in World War II and then for eight weeks in 1960

August 25, 1979 (Saturday)
  • The new Sandinista government of Nicaragua issued an order banning anyone from entering the Central American nation and another order voiding the value of the higher denominations of the currency, the córdoba. Citizens were given Saturday and Sunday to turn in any notes, valued at 50 córdobas or 100 córdobas, in exchange for special certificates that could be exchanged for newly printed notes within six months, along with 8 percent interest. The action was taken after the new government discovered that 200 million córdobas worth of notes had been stolen from Nicaragua's central bank by officials of the regime of Anastasio Somoza Debayle prior to their departure from the country. Under the order, Nicaragua reopened its borders and allowed incoming flights and ships on Monday and forbade any further exchange of the old notes.[79]
  • Voters in the African nation of Somalia overwhelmingly approved a new constitution with a reported result of 3,597,592 out of 3,605,490 voters in favor.[80]
  • Prime Minister Abel T. Muzorewa of Zimbabwe Rhodesia announced in a speech that the former white-ruled nation of Rhodesia would be known exclusively as Zimbabwe in time for his travel to London to represent the nation in constitutional negotiations. A Reuters press release commented "The announcement means that for the first time since 1890, all reference to Cecil John Rhodes, the British explorer who organized the first white settlements, will be eradicated from the region's name.[81]
  • The romance/mystery television series Hart to Hart, starring Robert Wagner and Stefanie Powers as a husband and wife pair of detectives, premiered on the ABC television network in the U.S. and began a five-season run.
  • Died:

August 26, 1979 (Sunday)

August 27, 1979 (Monday)
  • Lord Mountbatten, who was a retired admiral in the Royal Navy and the uncle of Prince Philip of the United Kingdom, was assassinated along with his grandson and another teenager when the Provisional Irish Republican Army exploded a bomb underneath the boat they had boarded.[85] Lord Mountbatten was on holiday at his summer home in Mullaghmore, County Sligo in the Republic of Ireland. He had been the last British Governor-General of India during its transition to independence, and had later been the First Sea Lord and the Chief of the Defence Staff. Mountbatten was aboard his fishing boat, Shadow V, along with six other people, unaware that IRA member Thomas McMahon had planted a radio-controlled explosive onboard the night before. Mountbatten, along with his 14-year-old grandson Nicholas Knatchbull and a 15-year-old Irish boy, Paul Maxwell, were killed instantly. Doreen Knatchbull, Baroness Brabourne, died the next day from her injuries. Injured were Mountbatten's daughter (and Nicholas's mother), Patricia; her husband John Knatchbull, Lord Brabourne; and her other son, Timothy Knatchbull. The IRA took responsibility for the act, stating that it "was a discriminate act to bring to the attention of the English people the continuing occupation of our country," and adding that the British Army "cannot defeat us, but yet it continues with the oppression of our people and torture of our comrades in H Block. Well, for this we will tear out their sentimental imperialist hearts." [86] McMahon and Francis McGirl had been arrested by Irish police at a roadblock east of Mullaghmore, two hours before the assassination, "by a constable making a routine antiterrorist check" and were charged two days later while still in police custody.[87]
  • The Warrenpoint ambush was carried out by the Provisional IRA, killing 18 British soldiers in two separate attacks in County Down in Northern Ireland.[88] At 4:40 in the afternoon, a convoy of soldiers of the 2nd Battalion of the Parachute Regiment was passing the Narrow Water Castle on the A2 road near Warrenpoint. An 800 lb (360 kg) roadside bomb was detonated as the last truck in the line passed it, killing six paratroopers and the driver. Half an hour later, at 5:12 in the evening, a second bomb was set off at a command station set up by the British Army to respond to the first blast. The second explosion killed 10 paratroopers and Lt. Col. David Blair and one of his subordinates of the Queen's Own Highlanders.
  • In advance of transforming his Atlanta UHF television station into the nucleus of a worldwide cable television network, Ted Turner changed the call letters of WTCG Channel 17 to WTBS, for Turner Broadcasting System, transmitted by satellite communication at low cost to U.S. cable television providers.[89]
  • Rolando Cubela Secades was released from a prison in Cuba after serving 13 1/2 years of a 25-year prison sentence for his role in working with the Central Intelligence Agency of the U.S. in a plot to assassinate Cuban premier Fidel Castro. Cubela, who had fought alongside Castro in the Cuban Revolution and then become disenchanted with the establishment of a dictatorship, was pardoned by Castro and went into exile in Spain.[90]
  • Born:

August 28, 1979 (Tuesday)
  • President João Figueiredo of Brazil signed an amnesty law to forgive the convictions of everyone convicted in the South American nation for political crimes during the military dictatorship between 1961 and 1978. The law cleared the way for as many as 5,000 exiles to come back home.[91]
  • A train wreck in the Netherlands killed seven passengers and the driver of Train 4635 at Nijmegen, and injured 36 others.
  • A concert by a British Army band, in Grand-Place of Brussels, capital of Belgium, was the target of the explosion of a terrorist bomb that injured seven band members and 11 spectators. The bomb, planted beneath a makeshift stage, exploded at 3:00 in the afternoon, before the concert was scheduled to start. Most members of the band had stepped off the stage so that they could change into their uniforms.[92] The Irish Republican Army took credit for the act.
  • The Makaton computer programming language was trademarked in the United Kingdom as part of its introduction to the market as a form of communication for people with disabilities. The word was derived from the names of the developers, Margaret Walker, Katherine Johnston and Tony Cornforth.[93]
  • Died: Konstantin Simonov, 63, Soviet Russian novelist and playwright

August 29, 1979 (Wednesday)

August 30, 1979 (Thursday)

August 31, 1979 (Friday)
  • The United States opened its Consulate in Guangzhou (Canton), almost 30 years after the previous American consulate in Canton had closed in 1949 after the Communist Revolution in the People's Republic of China. Richard L. Williams, who had served in the consulate in Hong Kong, became the new American consul in the offices, which occupied the 11th floor of the Dongfeng Hotel. A second American consulate would open in Shanghai in 1980.
  • The Australian Defence Force activated its first permanent Tactical Assault Group (TAG), a special forces unit within the Special Air Service Regiment trained to respond to incidents of terrorism.
  • Spokesman Hodding Carter III of the U.S. Department of State announced that the U.S. had discovered the presence of at least 2,000 Soviet combat troops in Cuba, commenting that "This is the first time we have been able to confirm the presence of a Soviet ground forces unit on the island," but added that the presence "poses no threat to the United States" and was not a violation of any agreement to ban offensive weapons from Cuba.[97]
  • For the first time, a leader of South Africa's white-minority government visited Soweto, the impoverished and massive black ghetto in Johannesburg. Prime Minister P. W. Botha toured the area along with six members of his cabinet, and spoke to a black audience as a guest of the Soweto township council.[98]
  • Born: Yuvan Shankar Raja, award-winning Indian film score composer and songwriter; in Madras (now Chennai), Tamil Nadu state
  • Died: Sally Rand, 75, American actress and burlesque dancer famous in the 1920s and 1930s for her suggestive fan dance and, later, the bubble dance.

References
  1. "Maria Pintasilgo becomes prime minister in Portugal", The Province (Vancouver), August 2, 1979, p. 6
  2. "Rumania Bars Soviet-Bloc Cash For Gasoline, Stranding Tourists", by David A. Andelman, The New York Times, August 2, 1979, p. A8 ("Rumania" was the accepted spelling used at the time by the Times)
  3. "Rumania Drops Restriction Against Vacationers", The New York Times, August 4, 1979, p. A4
  4. "Italian Premier-Designate Fails to Form Cabinet", The New York Times, August 2, 1979, p. A11
  5. "Bolivia Installs Congress; Session Is Disrupted", The New York Times, August 2, 1979, p. A11
  6. "Yankees' Thurman Munson Killed Piloting His Own Small Jet in Ohio", by Jim Naughton, The New York Times, August 3, 1979, p. A1
  7. "Yanks Hit 3 Homers, Rout White Sox, 9-1", The New York Times, August 2, 1979, p. D15
  8. "Burning Supertanker Sinks; Biggest Commercial Loss", The New York Times, August 4, 1979, p. A4
  9. "Equatorial Guinea Reports Coup", The New York Times, August 6, 1979, p. A1
  10. "Ousted Dictator Is Arrested In Equatorial Guinea Jungle", The New York Times, August 20, 1979, p. A11
  11. "20 Iranian Groups Boycott First Vote Since Shah's Fall", The New York Times, August 4, 1979, p. A4
  12. "Bertil Ohlen Is Dead; Won the Nobel Prize In Economics in 1977", The New York Times, August 17, 1979, p. A16
  13. "46 Dies as Indian Airliner Crashes Near Bombay", The New York Times, August 5, 1979, p. A13
  14. Aviation Safety Network
  15. "Special Election — 1979", Election Comparative Analysis Report, p. 64
  16. Annette R. Hofmann. Turnen and Sport. Waxmann Verlag. p. 224. ISBN 978-3-8309-6381-3.
  17. "Mauritania in Pact with Sahara Rebels", The New York Times, August 6, 1979, p. A5
  18. "Afghan Army Unit Reported to Rebel in 4-Hour Battle", The New York Times, August 6, 1979, p. A1
  19. Internet Movie Database
  20. "Bolivia's Senate Leader is elected Interim President, Ending Impasse" by Juan de Onis, The New York Times, August 7, 1979, p. A2
  21. "Escaping from the shadow of Masquerade", by Clare Heal, , Daily Express (London), November 29, 2009
  22. "Forest Fire Kills at Least 22 At Camp on Spanish Coast", The New York Times, August 8, 1979, p. A7
  23. "Taphozous hilli sp. nov. (Chiroptera Emballonnuridae), a new sheath-tailed bat from Western Australia and Northern Territory", by D. J. Kitchener, Records of the Western Australian Museum. 8 (2): 161–169 (1980)
  24. "Archbishop released from prison", The Catholic Advance (Wichita KS), August 16, 1979, p7
  25. "2 American Divers Die In North Sea Accident". The New York Times. August 9, 1979. p. A7.
  26. Limbrick, Jim (2001). North Sea Divers – a Requiem. Hertford: Authors OnLine. pp. 160–162. ISBN 0-7552-0036-5.
  27. Smart, Michael (2011). Into the Lion's Mouth: The Story of the Wildrake Diving Accident. Medford, Oregon: Lion's Mouth Publishing. ISBN 978-0-615-52838-0.
  28. "Abbotsford Landslide". NZTerritory.com.
  29. Daniels, Lee A. (August 9, 1979). "David J. McDonald, Retired Head Of Steelworkers Union, Dies at 76". The New York Times. p. A1.
  30. "Morocco Withdrawing Troops From Mauritania". The New York Times. August 10, 1979. p. A5.
  31. Hill, Gladwin (August 10, 1979). "2 Coast F.B.I. Agents Slain; Another Shot Dead in Ohio". The New York Times. p. A10.
  32. "Special Agent Johnnie L. Oliver, United States Department of Justice - Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Government". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
  33. "Special Agent Jared Robert Porter, United States Department of Justice - Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Government". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
  34. "Special Agent Charles W. Elmore, United States Department of Justice - Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Government". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
  35. Landis, John (director) (June 20, 1980). The Blues Brothers (Motion picture). United States: Universal Pictures. Event occurs at 2:04:04.
  36. "Walter F. O'Malley, Leader of Dodgers' Move to Los Angeles, Dies at 75". The New York Times. August 10, 1979. p. A13.
  37. "Lawyer, 38, Is Taking the Reins In Ecuador as Army Withdraws", by Warren Hoge, The New York Times, August 9, 1979, p. A4
  38. "Hundreds Die in India As Dam Break Frees 20-Foot Water Wall", The New York Times, August 13, 1979, p. A1
  39. "Ruins of an Industrial City in India Sifted for Victims of Dam Collapse", The New York Times, August 14, 1979, p. A1
  40. Aviation Safety Network
  41. "150 Are Feared Dead As 2 Soviet Airliners Collide Over Ukraine", The New York Times, August 16, 1979, p. A7
  42. Dieter Nohlen, Elections in Africa: A data handbook (Oxford University Press, 1999) p716
  43. USSR Cup 1979
  44. "Woman who executed 1,500 people in WWII faced death sentence in 30 years", by Olga Savga, English-language Pravda, December 12, 2005
  45. "Italy's longest Government crisis since the end of World War II", The New York Times, August 13, 1979, p. A10
  46. "5 Killed as Stadium Roof Collapses in Construction", The New York Times, August 14, 1979, p. A1
  47. "Crew Dumps Haitians at Sea; 6 Die", The New York Times, August 14, 1979, p. A12
  48. "Botha Grants Legislative Powers To South-West African Assembly", The New York Times, August 14, 1979, p. A8
  49. "10 Drowned and a Dozen Missing In Stormy Yacht Race Off England", The New York Times, August 15, 1979, p. A1
  50. "Toll in Yacht Race Reaches 17; One Boat Still Missing", by Joseph Collins, The New York Times, August 16, 1979, p. A1
  51. "Tunnels Are Searched for Missing Boots", by Nathaniel Sheppard Jr., The New York Times, September 8, 1979, p. A10
  52. "Missing 16-Year-Old Genius Is Reported Alive and Well", The New York Times, September 14, 1979, p. A14
  53. "Italian Octuplet Goes Home", The New York Times, November 4, 1979, p. 50
  54. "Chief of Unity Party Leading In Nigeria Presidential Vote", The New York Times, August 14, 1979, p. A5
  55. "3 Nigerian Parties Call Results of Election Fraudulent", The New York Times, August 20, 1979, p. A3
  56. "Kayode Eso’s remarkable judgment", Daily Independent (Lagos), November 22, 2012
  57. "John Diefenbaker Is Dead at 83; Was Canadian Premier for 6 Years", The New York Times, August 17, 1979, p. A16
  58. "Spontaneous Savant: Orlando Serrell" on Discovery Channel
  59. "Iran is Said to Crush Kurd Revolt; Khomeini Bypasses Army Leaders", The New York Times, August 19, 1979, p. A1
  60. "Khomaini [sic] Declares Self Chief of Military, Orders Troops to Crush Kurdish Rebels", Los Angeles Times, August 19, 1979, p. I-6
  61. "2 cars kill 6 youths watching drag race", Chicago Tribune, August 19, 1979, p. 5
  62. "Soviet Astronauts Return to Earth After Record of 175 Days in Space". The New York Times. August 20, 1979. p. A1.
  63. "2 Russian Astronauts Prepare for a Return From Salyut 6 Today". The New York Times. August 19, 1979. p. A233.
  64. "Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz - BBKL". Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (in German). Verlag Traugott Bautz GmbH. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  65. "Kurdish Rebels In Fierce Battle With Iran Force". The New York Times. August 24, 1979. p. A1.
  66. "Jamie Cullum | Biography, Albums, & Facts | Britannica". 16 August 2023.
  67. "9 Rival Groups in Chad Agree on New Government", The New York Times, August 22, 1979, p. A6
  68. "Godunov, Bolshoi Dancer, Defects to U.S.", by Eric Pace, The New York Times, August 24, 1979, p. A1
  69. "U.S. Halts Soviet Airliner to Ask If Dancer's Wife Is Going Freely", by Eric Pace, The New York Times, August 25, 1979, p. A1
  70. "Soviet Ballerina Goes Home After Meeting U.S. Officials— Miss Vlasova Says Her Decision to Return Was Not Coerced", by Robert D. McFadden, The New York Times, August 28, 1979, p. A1
  71. "Soviet Dancer Is Hailed as a Heorine in Moscow", by Anthony Austin, The New York Times, August 29, 1979, p. A1
  72. "Train Wreck in Thailand Kills 50 and Hurts 100", The New York Times, August 21, 1979, p. A6
  73. "Egypt Gives a Warm Welcome To Its First Israeli Tour Group", by Earleen Fisher Tatro, The New York Times, August 24, 1979, p. A5
  74. Hearing transcript p. 51
  75. "President of India Sets Fall Election", The New York Times, August 23, 1979, p. A1
  76. "James T. Farrell, Realistic Novelist Dies; Author of Studs Lonigan Trilogy Was 75", by Eric Pace, The New York Times, August 23, 1979, p. B15
  77. "Baltic Dissidents in Soviet Urge Freeing of 3 Republics", The New York Times, August 25, 1979, p. A3
  78. "Morocco Admits Fall of Garrison". The New York Times. August 27, 1979. p. A8.
  79. "Nicaragua Bars All Entry During Currency Call-In", The New York Times, August 26, 1979, p. A7
  80. "Somalis Begin Voting On a New Constitution", The New York Times, August 26, 1979, p. A7
  81. "Zimbabwe to Be Nation's Name", The New York Times, August 27, 1979, p. A6
  82. "Stan Kenton, Band Leader, Dies; Was Center of Jazz Controversies", by John S. Wilson, The New York Times, August 27, 1979, p. D7
  83. Vogel, Ezra F. (2011). Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 398.
  84. "Col. Philip G. Cochran, War Hero And Model for 2 Cartoon Figures", The New York Times, August 27, 1979, p. D7
  85. "Lord Mountbatten Is Killed as His Fishing Boat Explodes; I.R.A. Faction Says It Set Bomb", William Borders, The New York Times, August 28, 1979, p. A1
  86. "Statement by I.R.A.", The New York Times, August 31, 1979, p. A6
  87. "2 Charged in Dublin with Assassinating Lord Mountbatten", by B. Drummond Ayres, Jr., The New York Times, August 31, 1979, p. A1
  88. "At Least 18 British Soldiers Slain In an Attack by I.R.A. in Ulster", The New York Times, August 28, 1979, p. A11
  89. "Cable, Southern style", Broadcasting magazine, September 3, 1979, p. 66
  90. "Cuba Frees CIA agent", Ottawa Journal, August 28, 1979, p. 13
  91. "Exiled Politicians Returning to Brazil", by Warren Hoge, The New York Times, September 9, 1979, p. A21
  92. "I.R.A. Sets Off Bomb at Belgian Concert". The New York Times. August 29, 1979.
  93. "Makaton", Intellectual Property Office of the UK
  94. Aviation Safety Network
  95. "Doctor Guilty in 1970 Murder of Wife and Children", by Mark Pinsky, The New York Times, August 30, 1979, p. A1
  96. C/1979 Q1 (Solwind), Minor Planet Center, International Astronomical Union
  97. "U.S. Reports Soviet Has Combat Troops Stationed in Cuba", by Bernard Gwertzman, The New York Times, September 1, 1979, p. A1
  98. "Soweto Black Ghetto Gets First Visit by a Premier", by John F. Burns, The New York Times, September 1, 1979, p. A4
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