Cabinet of Indonesia

The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature.[2]

During the War of Independence from 1945 to 1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries.[3]

On 27 December 1949, the Netherlands recognised the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia (RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the Provisional Constitution of 1950 stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members.[4]

On 5 July 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after, but this new cabinet did not follow the 1945 Constitution either, as the office of prime minister still existed, along with deputy prime ministers. Moreover, the offices of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia and Speaker of the People's Representative Council which were supposed to be equal to the president, and the office of Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly, which was supposed to be above all government branches, were included into the Cabinet. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers.

During the New Order under President Suharto, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Offices that were not sanctioned by the 1945 Constitution were abolished. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the Reformasi era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained.[5]

Until 2010, cabinet ministries were dubbed 'Departments' (Departemen) following the United States model. After 2010, all 'departements' were renamed into 'ministries' (Kementerian), thus bringing them in line with the Netherlands model of ministries and a state secretariat.

Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking.[6] The complete list of cabinets follows:[7][8]

The present Indonesian cabinet, the Onward Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Maju), was sworn in on 23 October 2019. The cabinet consists of 34 ministers.

Coordinating Ministers

Coordinating Ministry	Ministry	Coordinating Minister	Party	Assumed Office	Portrait
Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Politik, Hukum, dan Keamanan	Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Law and Human Rights Ministry of Communication and Informatics Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform Attorney General's Office National Armed Forces National Police	Mahfud MD	Independent	23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Ekonomi	Ministry of Finance Ministry of Industry Ministry of Trade Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Ministry of Manpower Ministry of Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning	Airlangga Hartarto	Golkar	23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Maritime and Investments Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi	Ministry of Transportation Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry of Investment Ministry of Public Works and Housing Ministry of Environment and Forestry	Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan (2nd term)	Golkar	23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Cultural Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan	Ministry of Health Ministry of Social Affairs Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Ministry of Religious Affairs Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration Ministry of Youth and Sports	Muhadjir Effendy	Independent	23 October 2019

Ministers

Portfolio	Minister	Party	In Office since	Portrait
Ministry of State Secretariat Kementerian Sekretariat Negara	Pratikno (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Home Affairs Kementerian Dalam Negeri	Tito Karnavian	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kementerian Luar Negeri	Retno Marsudi (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Defense Kementerian Pertahanan	Prabowo Subianto	Gerindra	23 October 2019
Ministry of Law and Human Rights Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia	Yasonna Laoly (2nd term)	PDIP	23 October 2019
Ministry of Finance Kementerian Keuangan	Sri Mulyani Indrawati (4th term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral	Arifin Tasrif	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Industry Kementerian Perindustrian	Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita	Golkar	23 October 2019
Ministry of Trade Kementerian Perdagangan	Zulkifli Hasan	PAN	15 June 2022
Ministry of Agriculture Kementerian Pertanian	Amran Sulaiman (2nd term)	Independent	25 October 2023
Ministry of Environment and Forestry Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan	Siti Nurbaya Bakar (2nd term)	Nasdem	23 October 2019
Ministry of Transportation Kementerian Perhubungan	Budi Karya Sumadi (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan	Sakti Wahyu Trenggono	Independent	23 December 2020
Ministry of Manpower Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan	Ida Fauziyah	PKB	23 October 2019
Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi	Abdul Halim Iskandar	PKB	23 October 2019
Ministry of Public Works and Housing Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat	Basuki Hadimuljono (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Health Kementerian Kesehatan	Budi Gunadi Sadikin	Independent	23 December 2020
Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi	Nadiem Makarim	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Social Affairs Kementerian Sosial	Tri Rismaharini	PDIP	23 December 2020
Ministry of Religious Affairs Kementerian Agama	Yaqut Cholil Qoumas	PKB	23 December 2020
Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy / Tourism and Creative Economy Agency Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif/ Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif	Sandiaga Uno	PPP	23 December 2020
Ministry of Communication and Informatics Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika	Budi Arie Setiadi	Independent	17 July 2023
Ministry of Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah	Teten Masduki	PDIP	23 October 2019
Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak	I Gusti Ayu Bintang Darmawati	PDIP	23 October 2019
Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi	Abdullah Azwar Anas	PDIP	7 September 2022
Ministry of National Development Planning / National Development Planning Agency Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional	Suharso Monoarfa	PPP	23 October 2019
Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/ Badan Pertanahan Nasional	Hadi Tjahjanto	Independent	15 June 2022
Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Kementerian Badan Usaha Milik Negara	Erick Thohir	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Youth and Sports Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga	Dito Ariotedjo	Golkar	3 April 2023
Ministry of Investment / Investment Coordinating Board Kementerian Investasi / Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal	Bahlil Lahadalia	Independent	28 April 2021

Cabinet-level officials

Portfolio	Incumbent Head	In office since	Portrait
Public Prosecution Service of Indonesia Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia	Attorney-General Sanitiar Burhanuddin	23 October 2019
National Armed Forces Tentara Nasional Indonesia	Commander of the Armed Forces Yudo Margono	19 December 2022
National Police Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia	Chief of the National Police Listyo Sigit Prabowo	27 January 2021
Cabinet Secretariat Sekretariat Kabinet	Pramono Anung (2nd term)	23 October 2019
State Intelligence Agency Badan Intelijen Negara	Budi Gunawan	9 September 2016
National Research and Innovation Agency Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional	Laksana Tri Handoko	28 April 2021
Executive Office of the President Kantor Staf Presiden Republik Indonesia	Moeldoko (2nd term)	23 October 2019
Nusantara Capital City Authority Otorita Ibu Kota Nusantara	Bambang Susantono	10 March 2022

• List of female cabinet ministers of Indonesia
• List of longest-serving ministers in Indonesia
• List of government ministries of Indonesia

• Daniel Dhaidae & H. Witdarmono (Eds) (2000)Wajah Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republic Indonesia Pemilihan Umum 1999 (Faces of the Republic of Indonesia People's Representative Council 1999 General Election) Harian Kompas, Jakarta, ISBN 979-9251-43-5
• Feith, Herbert (2007) The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia Equinox Publishing (Asia) Pte Ltd, ISBN 9793780452
• Finch, Susan; Lev, Daniel S. (1965). Republic of Indonesia Cabinets, 1945-1965. Cornell University. Modern Indonesia Project. Interim reports series. Ithaca, N.Y.: Modern Indonesia Project, Cornell University.
• Simanjuntak, P. N. H. (2003). Kabinet-Kabinet Republik Indonesia: Dari Awal Kemerdekaan Sampai Reformasi (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Djambatan. ISBN 979-428-499-8.
• Yayasan API (2001),Panduan Parlemen Indonesia (Indonesian Parliamentary Guide), ISBN 979-96532-1-5

• Indonesian Cabinet 1945 – 2001, Indonesian Embassy in the United Kingdom