List of large volcanic eruptions

This is a sortable list of large eruptions that occurred between 11.7 Ka and 450+ Ma. Uncertainties as to dates and tephra volumes are not restated, and references are not repeated. The inclusion criteria here only covers entries with a Volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 5 or greater. The given values for events in the Miocene epoch sometimes lack references, and are given as VEI-equivalent, as an estimate of the erupted tephra volume.

For a list of the largest recorded eruptions, see List of largest volcanic eruptions.
Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai

<11.7KA (Holocene)
Main article: List of large Holocene volcanic eruptions

11.7 to 99KA
VEI Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt,
subregion, or hotspot		 Material volume (km³) Age in Ka[1] Tephra or eruption name
6 Lolobau Island Bismarck Volcanic Arc 50 50 12 caldera formation
6 Menengai Great Rift Valley, Kenya 24.9 < 25 12.3 Ruplax Tuff
6 Nevado de Toluca Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 20 20 12.5 Upper Toluca Pumice
6 Sakurajima Kyūshū 11 11 12.8 Sakurajima-Satsuma Tuff
6 Laacher See Eifel hotspot 20 20 12.9
6 Nigorigawa Hokkaidō 10.9 10.9 14.6
6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc 79 79 14.9 Neapolitan Yellow Tuff
6 Maly Semyachik Kamchatka 17.5 17.5 15
6 Towada Honshū 56 56 15.6 eruption episode L
7 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc Un­known 15.7
5 Mount Vesuvius Campanian volcanic arc 1.3 1.3 19.3 Green Pumice
7 Long Island, PNG Bismarck Volcanic Arc 100 100 19.3 Kiau Ignimbrite
7 Zavaritzki Caldera Simushir, Kuril Islands 200 200 20
6 Rabaul Bismarck Volcanic Arc 10.1 >10 21 Kulau Ignimbrite
6 Menengai Great Rift Valley, Kenya 26.1 26.1 21 Caldera formation 2
6 Cape Riva Caldera, Santorini South Aegean Volcanic Arc 20.1 >20 21.8 Cape Riva
5 Mount Vesuvius Campanian volcanic arc 1.9 1.9 22 Basal Pumice
6 Mount Katmai SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc 10.1 ⩾10 22.8 Late Pleistocene rhyodacite pumice fall and ignimbrite
8 Taupō Volcano Taupō Volcanic Zone 1170 1170 26.5 Oruanui eruption[lower-alpha 1]
6 Morne Diablotins Dominica, Lesser Antilles island arc 14 14 26.6 Grand Savanne Ignimbrite
? Laguna Caldera Luzon Volcanic Arc Un­known 27-29
5 Mount Vesuvius Campanian volcanic arc 2.2 2.2 28.6 Codola Pumice
6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc 10.1 ≥10 29.1 Y3
6 Emmons Lake caldera SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc 50 50 29.3 Dawson Tephra
6 Nemrut yanardağı Turkey 65.4 65.4 29.7
7-8 Aira Caldera Kyūshū 940 940 - 1,040[2] 30[3] Ito Ignimbrite
6 Nemo Peak Onekotan, Kuril Islands 10 10 30.8 Nemo III
6 Shiveluch Kamchatka 30.1 >30 32.2 caldera formation
6 Volcán Los Azufres Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 11 11 32.8 Cieneguillas Ignimbrite
6 Morne Trois Pitons Dominica, Lesser Antilles island arc 58 58 33.3 Roseau Tuff/Ignimbrite
7 Lake Ranau Sunda Arc, Sumatra 150 150 33.6 Ranau Tuff
6 Nemo Peak Onekotan, Kuril Islands 31.3 31.3 34 Nemo II
6 Mount Batur Sunda Arc, Bali 84 84 34.6 Ubud Ignimbrite
6 Ksudach Kamchatka 25 25 35 Caldera II
6 Lake Mashū Hokkaidō 10 10 35.3[4] Nu-p
6 Menengai Great Rift Valley, Kenya 26.1 26.1 35.6 Menengai Tuff
6 Towada Honshū 46 46 36 eruption episode N
6 Lake Mashū Hokkaidō 10 10 38.3[4] Nu-r
7 Gorely Kamchatka 120 120 39 Southern sea cliffs
7 Kussharo Hokkaidō 170 170 39.3 Kp-1, Kutcharo Shoro Ash
7 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc 430 430 - 680 39.9 Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption
5 Galeras Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone Un­known 40
6 Ksudach Kamchatka 40 40 40 Caldera I
6 Ugashik-Peulik SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc 30 30 40 Caldera formation
6? Ulleung South Korea 10 10? 40[3] Ulleungdo-Yamato tephra
6 Irosin Caldera Bicol-Leyte Volcanic Arc 70 70 41 Irosin Ignimbrites
6 Qualibou Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles island arc 11 11 42.3 Choiseul Tuff
6 Mount St. Helens Cascade Volcanic Arc 10.3 10.3 42.5 C (Cs, Cy, Cm, Cw, Ct) (Ape Canyon)
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō 14.4 14.4 DRE[4] 43[6] Kt-1
7 Uzon-Geyzernaya calderas Kamchatka 150 150 43.6 Uzon ignimbrite - northern field
6 Golovnin Kunashir, Kuril Islands 15 15 43.7 Kn III-5 Tephra
6 Mount Akagi Honshū 25.9 25.9 44 Akagi-Kanuma pumice
6 Mendeleev Kunashir, Kuril Islands 60 60 44.5 caldera formation
7 Opala Kamchatka 225 225 44.5 caldera formation
5-6 Naruko Honshū 5 5 - 10[4] 45 Yanagisawa Tuff
7 Nemo Peak Onekotan, Kuril Islands 115.1 >115 45 Nemo I
6 Smith Island Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc 49 49 45
7 Shikotsu Hokkaidō 350 350 - 390[7] 46 caldera formation
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō 10.2 DRE 50 Kt-2
7 Ōkataina Volcanic Complex Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 50 Rotoiti Ignimbrite
6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc 13.1 51 Santa Lucia Tephra
7 Lake Maninjau Sunda Arc, Sumatra 235 52 Maninjau paroxysmal welded and unwelded tuffs
6 Mount Kujū Kyūshū 12[8] 53.5 Kuju-Handa pyroclastic flow (Kj-Hd), Kuju-1 Pumice (Kj-P1)
6 Skaros Caldera, Santorini South Aegean Volcanic Arc 13.75 54 Upper Scoriae 2
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō 20.1 DRE 50 - 60 Kt-3
6 Ischia Campanian volcanic arc ≥ 10 56 X2
6 Ischia Campanian volcanic arc 40 56 Monte Epomeo Green Tuff
6 Daisen Honshū 40 59.6[3] Daisen-Kurayoshi Pumice
6 Shikotsu Hokkaidō 50 60 Shadai eruption
6 Towada Honshū 10 61 eruption episode Q
6 Newberry Volcano Cascade Volcanic Arc > 12.5 62.5 Olema tephra, Paulina tephra
6 Hakone Honshū 20 66 Hakone-Tokyo Pumice
6 Akademia Nauk Kamchatka 12.5 69.4 Odnoboky O2 tuffs
6 Los Humeros Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 37 69 Zaragoza Tuff
6 Los Humeros Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 24 70 Faby Tuff
6 Pico do Fogo Cape Verde 73
5-6 Naruko Honshū 5 - 10 73 Nisaka Tuff
8 Lake Toba Caldera Sunda Arc, Sumatra 2800 (DRE) - 13,200[9] 74 Youngest Toba Tuff[lower-alpha 2]
6 Barrier Volcano Great Rift Valley, Kenya 10 74 caldera formation
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō > 11 DRE 75 Kt-4
6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc 12.35 80 CA-1a Tephra
6 Bolshoy Semyachik Kamchatka 42 80 Bol'shoi Semiachik Caldera II
6 Hakone Honshū 10 80 Hakone-Obaradai Pumice
7? Mount Pinatubo Luzon Volcanic Arc 25 81 Inararo Tuff
6 Etna Campanian volcanic arc 10 82.8 X4; I-7
7-8 Lago de Atitlán Central America Volcanic Arc, Guatemala 300 84 Los Chocoyos eruption
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō 16.8 DRE 84 Kt-6
6 Kussharo Hokkaidō 25 85 Kp-2/3
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō 10.8 DRE 84 - 87 Kt-7
7-8 Mount Aso Kyūshū 930 - 1,860[2] 87 Aso-4 Ignimbrite
6 Kuttara Hokkaidō 9.9 DRE 87 - 106 Kt-8

100 to 999KA
VEI Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt,
subregion, or hotspot		 Material volume (km³) Age in Ka[11] Tephra or eruption name
7 Kikai Caldera Ryukyu Islands Un­known 100 Tozurahara eruption
6 Sierra la Primavera Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 90 100 Tala Tuff
6 Skaros Caldera, Santorini South Aegean Volcanic Arc 14 100 Middle Pumice
6 Ontake Honshū 50 100 Ontake-1 Pumice
6 Rabaul Bismarck Volcanic Arc 10? 100 Boroi Ignimbrites
6 Rabaul Bismarck Volcanic Arc 10? 100 Malaguna Pyroclastics
7 Ata Caldera Kyūshū 350 100[3] Ata pyroclastic deposits
6 Sanbe Honshū 20 105 Sanbe-Kisuki pumice
6 Tangkuban Perahu Sunda Arc, Java ≥ 10 105 Sunda Caldera
7 Lake Tōya Hokkaidō 230 – 310[2] 106
6 Santo Antão Cape Verde 10.33 106 Cão Grande I
6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc ≥ 10 106.2 X5
6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc ≥ 10 108.9 X6
7 Kussharo Hokkaidō 175 117.5 Kp-4, Kutcharo Haboro Ash
7 Emmons Lake caldera SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc 220 124 Old Craw Tephra
7 Mount Aso Kyūshū > 150 130 Aso-3 Ignimbrite
6 Mount Aso Kyūshū 50 141 Aso-2 Ignimbrite
6 Yellowstone Caldera Yellowstone hotspot 23? 143 Cold Mountain Creek Tuff
7 Calabozos Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone Un­known 150 Loma Seca Tuff-Unit S
5 Galeras Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone Un­known 150
7 Kos-Nisyros Caldera South Aegean Volcanic Arc 110 161 Kos Plateau Tuff
7 Los Humeros Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 290 DRE[12] 164 Xáltipan Ignimbrite
7 Lake Akan Hokkaidō 56.8 (DRE) 175 AK-2
6 Yellowstone Caldera Yellowstone hotspot 50 176 Bluff Point Tuff
7 Southern Caldera, Santorini South Aegean Volcanic Arc Un­known 180
7 Awasa Caldera Main Ethiopian Rift 103.5 182.3
7 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc Un­known 205
7 Rotorua Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 230 Mamaku Ignimbrite
7 Maroa Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 230 Ohakuri Ignimbrite
7 Reporoa Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 230 Kaingaroa Ignimbrite
7 Ata Caldera Kyūshū > 150 240 Torihama eruption
7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 240 Ohakui Ignimbrite
7 O'a Caldera Ethiopia 276 240 Qi3 Pumice
8 Maroa Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 254 Whakamaru Ignimbrite
6 Mount Aso Kyūshū Un­known 266 Aso-1 Ignimbrite
6 Uzon-Geyzernaya calderas Kamchatka 46 278 Uzon ignimbrite - southern field
7 Haroharo Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 280 Matahina Ignimbrite
7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 280 Pakai Ignimbrite
7 Lake Maninjau Sunda Arc, Sumatra 175 280
7 Calabozos Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone Un­known 300 Loma Seca Tuff-Unit V
7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 300 Chimpanzee Ignimbrite
7 Vulsini Campanian volcanic arc 460 300 Bolsena Caldera
7 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc Un­known 320
7 Kakutō Caldera Kyūshū Un­known 321 Kakuto Ignimbrite
7? Suiendani Honshū Un­known 370 Okuhida Pyroclastics
7 Lake Bracciano Lazio, Italy > 200 370 Mophi Tephra
6 Roccamonfina Caldera Campanian volcanic arc Un­known 390
6-7 Medvezhia Iturup, Kuril Islands 90 410 Medvezhia Ignimbrite
7 Toussidé Tibesti Mountains 150 430 Yirrigué Ignimbrite
7 Pauzhetka Caldera Kamchatka 375 440 Golygin Ignimbrite
7 Tumalo Oregon Un­known 440 Tumalo tuff
7 Aira Caldera Kyūshū Un­known 450 Oda Ignimbrite
7 Diamante Caldera Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone Un­known 450
7 Aira Caldera Kyūshū Un­known 500 Yoshino Ignimbrite
7 Toba Caldera Sunda Arc, Sumatra 138 500 Middle Toba Tuff
7 Kobayashi Caldera Kyūshū Un­known 520 Kobayashi Ignimbrite
6 Galeras Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone Un­known 560
7 Mount Kirishima Kyūshū Un­known 580 Hiwaki Ignimbrite
6? Hōhi Volcanic Zone Kyūshū Un­known 600 Yufugawa Ignimbrite
6 Mount Lassen Cascade Volcanic Arc > 75 610 Rockland Caldera formation
8 Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field Yellowstone hotspot ⩾ 1,000 631 Lava Creek Tuff
7 Acatlán Volcanic Field Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 150 650 Acatlán Ignimbrite
7 Hōhi Volcanic Zone Kyūshū Un­known 650 Seiganji-Toga Tephra
7 Kamitakara Honshū Un­known 650
7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 680 Matahana A
7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 710 Waiotapu Ignimbrite
7 Long Valley Caldera Eastern California 790 760 Bishop Tuff
7 Kapenga Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 830 Matahana B
7 Calabozos Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone Un­known 840 Loma Seca Tuff-Unit L
8 Lake Toba Caldera Sunda Arc, Sumatra 5,290[9] 840 Toba Tuff
7 Shishimuta Caldera Kyūshū Un­known 870 Imaichi Ignimbrite
7 Tondano Caldera North Sulawesi, Sulawesi 600 - 950 870
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 950 Marshall Ignimbrite
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 970 Unit E

1 to 9.9MA
VEI Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt,
subregion, or hotspot		 Material volume (km³) Age in Ma[13] Tephra or eruption name
7 North Vate Vanuatu Un­known 1 Efaté Pumice Formation
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1 Rocky Hill Ignimbrite
7 Shishimuta Caldera Kyūshū Un­known 1 Yabakei Ignimbrite
7 Tamagawa Caldera Honshū Un­known 1
7 Tōnohetsuri Calderas Honshū Un­known 1 Saigō Ignimbrite
7 Tokachi-Mitsumata Caldera Hokkaidō > 130 1
8 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.01 Kidnappers Ignimbrite
8 Awasa Caldera Main Ethiopian Rift 1,000 1.09
8 Gakkel Ridge Caldera Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean 3000 1.1
7 Akademia Nauk Kamchatka 100 1.13 Stena-Soboliny Ignimbrite
7 Kulshan Caldera Cascade Volcanic Arc > 117.5 1.149 Lake Tapps Tephra, Swift Creek Ignimbrite, Kulshan caldera formation
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.18 Ahuroa Ignimbrite
7 Hōhi Volcanic Zone Kyūshū Un­known 1.2 Shikido Ignimbrite
6 Toba Caldera Sunda Arc, Sumatra Un­known 1.2 Haranggoal Dacite Tuff
7 Tōnohetsuri Calderas Honshū Un­known 1.2 Ashino Ignimbrite
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.2 Unit D
8 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.21 Ongatiti Ignimbrite
7 Valles Caldera New Mexico, USA
(Raton hotspot)		 690 1.223 Upper Bandelier Tuff
7 Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field Yellowstone hotspot > 280 (DRE) 1.27 Mesa Falls Tuff
7 Puricó Complex Andes, Central Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.3 Puricó Ignimbrite
7 Tōnohetsuri Calderas Honshū Un­known 1.4 Kumado Ignimbrite
7 Mount Tokachi Hokkaidō Un­known 1.4 Tokachi Ignimbrite
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.4 Unit C
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.53 Unit B
7 Mangakino Caldera Taupō Volcanic Zone Un­known 1.55 Unit A
7 Mount Jiigatake[14] Honshū Un­known 1.6 Ōmine Ignimbrite
7 Valles Caldera New Mexico, USA 690 1.61 Lower Bandelier Tuff
7 Mount Jiigatake Honshū Un­known 1.65
6 Cerro Guacha Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex Un­known 1.7 Puripica Ch0ico ignimbrite
7 Young Island Valleny Islands 100 1.7 Eltanin
7 Bolshe-Bannaya Kamchatka 800 1.705
7 Mount Hotakadake[14] Honshū Un­known 1.75 Ebisutōge-Fukuda tephras
7 Mount Hotakadake Honshū Un­known 1.76 Nyūkawa Ignimbrite
7 Valles Caldera New Mexico, USA ⩾ 100 1.78 San Diego Canyon Ignimbrite
7 Karymshina Kamchatka Un­known 1.78
7 Lago de Atitlán Central America Volcanic Arc, Guatemala Un­known 1.8
7 Mount Jiigatake Honshū Un­known 1.88 Kitazawa Ignimbrite
7 Mount Tokachi Hokkaidō Un­known 1.9 Biei Ignimbrite
7 Mount Jiigatake Honshū Un­known 2 Reishōji Ignimbrite
7 Mount Jiigatake Honshū Un­known 2 Ht-3 Ignimbrite
7 Mount Jiigatake Honshū Un­known 2 Nyūnomi Ignimbrite
7 Mount Jiigatake Honshū Un­known 2 Ichiuda Ignimbrite
7 Mount Hotakadake Honshū Un­known 2 Sonehara Ignimbrite
7 Tamagawa Caldera Honshū Un­known 2
8 Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field Yellowstone hotspot 2,160 2.0794 Huckleberry Ridge Tuff A & B
7 Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field Yellowstone hotspot 290 2.113 Huckleberry Ridge Tuff C
7 Mount Jiigatake[14] Honshū Un­known 2.18 Taniguchi Ignimbrite
8 Cerro Galán Andes, Central Volcanic Zone 1030 2.2 Cerro Galán Ignimbrite
7? Mount Erciyes Turkey Un­known 2.52 Valibabatepe Ignimbrite
^^^^Quaternary^^^^
7 Hiwada Caldera Honshū Un­known 2.8 Hotokezawa Ignimbrite
8 Pastos Grandes Caldera Andes, Central Volcanic Zone 1500 2.9 Pastos Grandes Ignimbrite
7 Teragi Cauldron Honshū Un­known 3.03 Teragi Group[15]
7 Cerro Guacha Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex Un­known 3.5 Tara Ignimbrite
7 Yunosawa Caldera Honshū Un­known 3.5 Obirakiyama Tuff
8 Pacana Caldera Andes, Central Volcanic Zone 2800 4 Atana Ignimbrite
8 Heise volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 4.45 Kilgore Tuff
? Heise volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 5.51 Conant Creek Tuff
8 Cerro Guacha Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex 1300 5.7 Guacha ignimbrite
7 Cerro Panizos Andes, Central Volcanic Zone Un­known 6.1 Panizos Ignimbrite
? Heise volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 6.27 Walcott Tuff
8 Heise volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 6.62 Blacktail Tuff
7 Black Mountain Caldera Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 7 Thirsty Canyon Tuff
7 Pastos Grandes Caldera or Vilama Caldera Andes, Central Volcanic Zone Un­known 8.3 Sifon Ignimbrite
? Twin Falls volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 10-8.6
8 Grey's Landing Supereruption Yellowstone hotspot >2,800[16] 8.72 Grey's Landing Ignimbrite
8 McMullen Supereruption Yellowstone hotspot >1,700[16] 8.99 McMullen Ignimbrite

10MA and older
VEI Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt,
subregion, or hotspot		 Material volume (km³) Age in Ma[17] Tephra or eruption name
? Picabo volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 010 10 – 10.2 Arbon Valley Tuffs
7-8 Bruneau-Jarbidge caldera Yellowstone hotspot
950
 011 10 – 12.5 Ashfall Fossil Beds eruption
7 Timber Mountain caldera complex Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 011.5 11.45 Timber Mountain Tuff - Ammonia Tanks member
8 Timber Mountain caldera complex Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 011.6 11.6 Timber Mountain Tuff - Rainer Mesa member
8 Paintbrush Caldera Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 012.7 12.7 Paintbrush Tuff - Topopah Spring member
8 Paintbrush Caldera Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 012.8 12.8 Paintbrush Tuff - Tiva Canyon member
7 Mount Sobo Kyūshū Un­known 012.8 12.8
? Owyhee-Humboldt volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 012.8 13.9-12.8
7 Mount Katamuki Kyūshū Un­known 013 13
7 Silent Canyon caldera complex Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 013 13 Belted Range Tuff
7 Crater Flat Group Southwest Nevada volcanic field Un­known 013.3 13.25 Crater Flat Tuff, Bullfrog member
7 Shitara Caldera Honshū Un­known 013.1 15.1-13.1
8 Ōdai Caldera Honshū Un­known 013.7 13.7 Murō Ignimbrite
8 Mount Ōkue Kyūshū Un­known 013.7 13.7 Okueyama volcano-plutonic complex
7 Mount Ishizuchi Shikoku Un­known 014 14
8 Kumano Caldera Honshū Un­known 014.4 14.4 Kumano Acidic rocks
8 Source unknown Andes, Central Volcanic Zone
1100
 015 15 Huaylillas Ignimbrite
7 McDermitt volcanic field, North Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 015 15 Whitehorse Creek Tuff
? Lake Owyhee volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot? Un­known 015 15.5-15
8 Mount Osuzu Kyūshū Un­known 015.1 15.1 Osuzuyama volcano-plutonic complex
 ? Northwest Nevada volcanic field Yellowstone hotspot? Un­known 015.5 16.5-15.5
7 McDermitt volcanic field, South Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 015.6 15.6 Longridge Tuff member 2-3
7 McDermitt volcanic field, South Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 015.6 15.6 Longridge Tuff member 5
7 McDermitt volcanic field, South Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 015.7 15.7 Double H Tuff
7 McDermitt volcanic field, North Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 015.8 15.8 Trout Creek Mountains Tuff
 ? McDermitt volcanic field, South Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 016 16 Hoppin Peaks Tuff
7 McDermitt volcanic field, South Yellowstone hotspot Un­known 016.5 16.5 Oregon Canyon Tuff
8 Oxaya Formation Andes, Central Volcanic Zone
3000
 019 19 Oxaya Ignimbrite
7 Mount Belknap Caldera Marysvale volcanic field Un­known 019 19 Joe Lott member
^^^^Neogene^^^^
7 Monroe Peak Caldera Marysvale volcanic field Un­known 023 23 Osiris Tuff
8 La Garita Caldera San Juan volcanic field
5000
 027.8 27.8 Fish Canyon Tuff[lower-alpha 3]
8? Bachelor San Juan volcanic field
1000
 028 28 Carpenter Ridge Tuff
8 San Juan San Juan volcanic field Un­known 028 28 Sapinero Mesa Tuff
8? Uncompahgre San Juan volcanic field
1000
 028.1 28.1 Dillon & Sapinero Mesa Tuffs
8? Platoro San Juan volcanic field
1000
 028.2 28.2 Chiquito Peak Tuff
8 Bursum Southern New Mexico Un­known 028.5 28.5 Apache Springs Tuff
8 White Rock Caldera Indian Peak-Caliente Caldera Complex Un­known 029.2 29.2 Lund Tuff
8 Sana'a Ignimbrite Afro-Arabian Un­known 029.5 29.5 Tephra 2W63
8 Iftar Alkalb Afro-Arabian Un­known 029.5 29.5 Tephra 4 W
8 Sam Ignimbrite Yemen Un­known 029.5 29.5 Green Tuff
8 Jabal Kura'a Ignimbrite Yemen Un­known 029.6 29.6
8 Wah Wah Springs Caldera Indian Peak-Caliente Caldera Complex
5900
 030 30.06 Wah Wah Springs Tuff[lower-alpha 4]
8 Windows Butte Tuff Central Nevada Un­known 033 33 Windows Butte Tuff
8 Emory Caldera Southwestern New Mexico Un­known 034.9 34.9 Kneeling Nun Tuff, City of Rocks State Park
8 Mount Princeton Thirtynine Mile volcanic area, Colorado Un­known 035.3 35.3 Wall Mountain Tuff
7 Bennett Lake Volcanic Complex Skukum Group Un­known 050 50
^^^^Paleogene^^^^
8 Deccan Traps West-central India Un­known 066 66 This volcanic episode occurred about 300,000 years after the Chicxulub meteor impact, and may have been another contributing factor towards the extinction of the dinosaurs
8 Source unknown Honshū Un­known 070 70 Noi Rhyolite
8 Ontong-Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi Plateau Southwestern Pacific Ocean, north of the Solomon Islands Un­known 121 121 Existence as a single volcano is controversial. Possibly a volcanic chain.
8 Guarapuava-Tamarana-Sarusas Paraná and Etendeka traps Un­known 132 132 Existence as a single volcano is controversial. Possibly a volcanic chain.
8 Santa Maria Fria Paraná and Etendeka traps Un­known 132 132 Existence as a single volcano is controversial. Possibly a volcanic chain.
8 Guarapuava-Ventura Paraná and Etendeka traps Un­known 132 132 Existence as a single volcano is controversial. Possibly a volcanic chain.
8 High Island Caldera Hong Kong Un­known 140 140
^^^^Cretaceous^^^^
8 Ora Caldera Southern Alps, Italy Un­known 274 277–274 Ora Formation
7 Altenberg–Teplice Caldera[18] The Altenberg-Teplice Volcanic Complex Un­known 317 325-317[18] Teplice Rhyolite intra-caldera deposits
8 Cerberean Caldera Rubicon Valley Un­known 374 374[19] Cerberean Caldera now forms the northern part of the Marysville Igneous Complex in central Victoria at Lake Eildon National Park.[19][20]
8 Glen Coe Scotland Un­known 420 420[21]
8 Scafells Lake District Un­known 450 450+[22]

Notes
  1. First documented Supervolcanic eruption, and last known volcanic eruption with a VEI of 8.
  2. The eruption of Lake Toba was the biggest volcanic eruption in the Quaternary period.[10]
  3. Second biggest explosive eruption in the last 100 million years
  4. The biggest explosive eruption in the last 100 million years

See also

References
  1. start from 1950 CE
  2. Shinji Takarada; Hideo Hoshizumi (2020). "Distribution and Eruptive Volume of Aso-4 Pyroclastic Density Current and Tephra Fall Deposits, Japan: A M8 Super-Eruption". Frontiers in Earth Science. 8: 170. Bibcode:2020FrEaS...8..170T. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00170.
  3. Victoria C. Smith; et al. (2013-05-01). "Identification and correlation of visible tephras in the Lake Suigetsu SG06 sedimentary archive, Japan: chronostratigraphic markers for synchronising of east Asian/west Pacific palaeoclimatic records across the last 150 ka". Quaternary Science Reviews. 67: 121–137. Bibcode:2013QSRv...67..121S. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.01.026.
  4. Yamamoto, Takahiro (2014). "Cumulative volume step-diagrams for eruptive magmas from major Quaternary volcanoes in Japan". gsj.jp (in Japanese). National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
  5. Mitsuhiro Nakagawa; Mizuho Amma-Miyasaka; Daisuke Miura; Shimpei Uesawa (2018). "Tephrostratigraphy in Ishikari Lowland, Southwestern Hokkaido". The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan (in Japanese). 124 (7): 473–489. doi:10.5575/geosoc.2018.0038.
  6. The up is covered with Shikotsu caldera formation deposits.[5]
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  8. Yoshihisa Kawanabe; Hideo Hoshizumi; Jun'ichi Itoh; Seiko Yamasaki (2015). "Kuju : Geological Maps of Japan". Geological Survey of Japan, AIST.
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Bibliography

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