Decathlon
The decathlon is a combined event in athletics consisting of ten track and field events. The word "decathlon" was formed, in analogy to the word "pentathlon", from Greek δέκα (déka, meaning "ten") and ἄθλος (áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon, meaning "contest" or "prize"). Events are held over two consecutive days and the winners are determined by the combined performance in all. Performance is judged on a points system in each event, not by the position achieved.[1] The decathlon is contested mainly by male athletes, while female athletes typically compete in the heptathlon.
Athletics Decathlon | |
---|---|
![]() ![]() ![]() Decathlon combines four runs, three jumps, and three throws. | |
World records | |
Men | ![]() |
Olympic records | |
Men | ![]() |
World Championship records | |
Men | ![]() |
Traditionally, the title of "World's Greatest Athlete" has been given to the person who wins the decathlon. This began when Gustav V of Sweden told Jim Thorpe, "Sir, you are the world's greatest athlete" after Thorpe won the decathlon at the Stockholm Olympics in 1912.[2]
The event is similar to the pentathlon held at the ancient Greek Olympics,[3] and also similar to a competition called an "all-around", which was contested at the United States amateur championships in 1884.[4][5] Another all-around was held at the 1904 Summer Olympics.[6] The modern decathlon first appeared at the 1912 Games.[7]
In modern athletics, the ten events are: 100 metres, 400 metres, 1500 metres, 110 metre hurdles, long jump, high jump, pole vault, discus throw, javelin throw and shotput. The current official decathlon world record holder is Frenchman Kevin Mayer, who scored a total of 9,126 points at the 2018 Décastar in France.
Historical background
The decathlon developed from the ancient pentathlon competitions held at the ancient Greek Olympics. Pentathlons involved five disciplines – long jump, discus throw, javelin throw, sprint and a wrestling match.[3] Introduced in Olympia during 708 BC, this competition was extremely popular for many centuries.
A ten-event competition known as the "all-around" or "all-round" championship, similar to the modern decathlon, was first contested at the United States amateur championships in 1884 and reached a consistent form by 1890.[4][5] While an all-around event was held at the 1904 Summer Olympics, whether it was an official Olympic event has been disputed.[6]
The modern decathlon first appeared in the Olympic athletics program at the 1912 Games in Stockholm.[7]
Format
Men's decathlon
The vast majority of international and top-level men's decathlons are divided into a two-day competition, with the track and field events held in the order below. Traditionally, all decathletes who finish the event, rather than just the winner or medal-winning athletes, do a round of honour together after the competition. The current world record holder is Kevin Mayer from France with 9126 points which he set on September 16, 2018, in Talence, France.
Women's decathlon
At major championships, the women's equivalent of the decathlon is the seven-event heptathlon; before 1981 it was the five-event pentathlon.[8] However, in 2001, the IAAF (now World Athletics) approved scoring tables for a women's decathlon; the current world record holder is Austra Skujytė of Lithuania, with 8,358.[9] Women's disciplines differ from men's in the same way as for standalone events: the shot, discus, and javelin weigh less, and the sprint hurdles use lower hurdles over 100 m rather than 110 m. The points tables used are the same as for the heptathlon in the shared events. The schedule of events differs from the men's decathlon, with the field events switched between day one and day two; this is to avoid scheduling conflicts when men's and women's decathlon competitions take place simultaneously.[10]
One hour
The one-hour decathlon is a special type of decathlon in which the athletes have to start the last of ten events (1500 m) within sixty minutes of the start of the first event. The world record holder is Czech decathlete Robert Změlík, who achieved 7,897 points at a meeting in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia, in 1992.
Masters athletics
In Masters athletics, performance scores are age graded before being applied to the standard scoring table. This way, marks that would be competitive within an age division can get rated, even if those marks would not appear on the scale designed for younger age groups. Additionally, like women, the age divisions use different implement weights and lower hurdles. Based on this system, German Rolf Geese in the M60 division and American Robert Hewitt in the M80 divisions have set their respective world records over 8,000 points. Using the same scale, Nadine O'Connor scored 10,234 points in the W65 division, the highest decathlon score ever recorded.[11][12]
Points system
Event | A | B | C |
---|---|---|---|
100 m | 25.4347 | 18 | 1.81 |
Long jump | 0.14354 | 220 | 1.4 |
Shot put | 51.39 | 1.5 | 1.05 |
High jump | 0.8465 | 75 | 1.42 |
400 m | 1.53775 | 82 | 1.81 |
110 m hurdles | 5.74352 | 28.5 | 1.92 |
Discus throw | 12.91 | 4 | 1.1 |
Pole vault | 0.2797 | 100 | 1.35 |
Javelin throw | 10.14 | 7 | 1.08 |
1500 m | 0.03768 | 480 | 1.85 |
The 2001 IAAF points tables use the following formulae:[13]
- Points = INT(A(B — P)C) for track events (faster time produces a higher score)
- Points = INT(A(P — B)C) for field events (greater distance or height produces a higher score)
A, B and C are parameters that vary by discipline, as shown in the table on the right, while P is the performance by the athlete, measured in seconds (running), metres (throwing), or centimetres (jumping).[13]
The decathlon tables should not be confused with the scoring tables compiled by Bojidar Spiriev, to allow comparison of the relative quality of performances by athletes in different events. On those tables, for example, a decathlon score of 9,006 points equates to 1,265 "comparison points", the same number as a triple jump of 18 m.[14]
Benchmarks
Split evenly between the events, the following table shows the benchmark levels needed to earn 1,000, 900, 800, and 700 points in each sport.
Event | 1,000 pts | 900 pts | 800 pts | 700 pts | Unit |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 m | 10.395 | 10.827 | 11.278 | 11.756 | Seconds |
Long jump | 7.76 | 7.36 | 6.94 | 6.51 | Metres |
Shot put | 18.40 | 16.79 | 15.16 | 13.53 | Metres |
High jump | 2.20 | 2.10 | 1.99 | 1.88 | Metres |
400 m | 46.17 | 48.19 | 50.32 | 52.58 | Seconds |
110 m hurdles | 13.80 | 14.59 | 15.419 | 16.29 | Seconds |
Discus throw | 56.17 | 51.4 | 46.59 | 41.72 | Metres |
Pole vault | 5.28 | 4.96 | 4.63 | 4.29 | Metres |
Javelin throw | 77.19 | 70.67 | 64.09 | 57.45 | Metres |
1500 m | 3:53.79 | 4:07.42 | 4:21.77 | 4:36.96 | Minutes:Seconds |
Records
The official decathlon world record holder is Kevin Mayer of France, with a score of 9,126 points set during the 2018 Décastar in Talence, France, which was ratified by World Athletics.
100m (wind) | Long jump (wind) | Shot put | High jump | 400m | 110H (wind) | Discus | Pole vault | Javelin | 1500m |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.55 (+0.3 m/s) | 7.80 m (+1.2 m/s) | 16.00 m | 2.05 m | 48.42 | 13.75 (-1.1 m/s) | 50.54 m | 5.45 m | 71.90 m | 4:36.11 |
The previous record from Ashton Eaton (9,045 points):
100m (wind) | Long jump (wind) | Shot put | High jump | 400m | 110H (wind) | Discus | Pole vault | Javelin | 1500m |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.23 (-0.4 m/s) | 7.88 m (+0.0 m/s) | 14.52 m | 2.01 m | 45.00 WDB | 13.69 (-0.2 m/s) | 43.34 m | 5.20 m | 63.63 m | 4:17.52 |
Record | Score | Athlete | Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|
World | 9,126 | ![]() | 2018 | |
Continental records | ||||
Africa | 8,521 | ![]() | 2016 | |
Asia | 8,725 | ![]() | 2004 | |
Europe | 9,126 | ![]() | 2018 | |
North, Central America and Caribbean | 9,045 | ![]() | 2015 | |
Oceania | 8,649 | ![]() | 2021 | |
South America | 8,393 | ![]() | 2013 | |
Decathlon bests
The total decathlon score for all world records in the respective events would be 12,598. The total decathlon score for all the best performances achieved during decathlons is 10,590. The Difference column shows the difference in points between the decathlon points that the individual current world record would be awarded and the points awarded to the current decathlon record for that event. The % Difference column shows the percentage difference between the time, distance or height of the individual world record and the decathlon record (other than the Total entry, which shows the percentage difference between awarded decathlon points). The relative differences in points are much higher in throwing events than in running and jumping events.
Decathlon bests are only recognized when an athlete completes the ten-event competition with a score of over 7,000 points.[15]
Event | Type | Athlete | Record | Score | Difference | % Difference | Date | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 m | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 9.58 s | 1,202 | 136 | 5.64 | 16 August 2009 | Berlin | ||
DB | ![]() |
10.12 s | 1,066 | 25 May 2019 | Götzis | [16] | |||
4 August 2021 | Tokyo | [17] | |||||||
Long jump | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 8.95 m | 1,312 | 134 | 5.59 | 30 August 1991 | Tokyo | ||
DB | ![]() | 8.45 m | 1,178 | 28 May 2022 | Götzis | [18] | |||
Shot put | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 23.37 m | 1,311 | 263 | 17.97 | 18 June 2021 | Eugene | [19] | |
DB | ![]() | 19.17 m | 1,048 | 5 October 1969 | Bern | ||||
High jump | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 2.45 m | 1,244 | 173 | 6.94 | 27 July 1993 | Salamanca | ||
DB | ![]() | 2.28 m | 1,071 | 7 April 2017 | Santa Barbara | [20] | |||
400 m | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 43.03 s | 1,164 | 104 | 4.58 | 14 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | [21] | |
DB | ![]() | 45.00 s | 1,060 | 28 August 2015 | Beijing | [22] | |||
110 m hurdles | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 12.80 s | 1,135 | 76 | 4.38 | 7 September 2012 | Brussels | ||
DB | ![]() | 13.36 s | 1,059 | 30 May 2021 | Götzis | [23] | |||
Discus throw | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 74.08 m | 1,383 | 390 | 24.58 | 6 June 1986 | Neubrandenburg | ||
DB | ![]() | 55.87 m | 993 | 24 June 2005 | Carson | ||||
Pole vault | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 6.20 m | 1,298 | 146 | 7.10 | 20 March 2022 | Belgrade | ||
DB | ![]() | 5.76 m | 1,152 | 16 September 1999 | Leverkusen | ||||
Javelin throw | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 98.48 m | 1,331 | 291 | 18.97 | 25 May 1996 | Jena | ||
DB | ![]() | 79.80 m | 1,040 | 19 July 1992 | Emmelshausen | ||||
1500 m | |||||||||
WR | ![]() | 3:26.00 min:s | 1,218 | 255 | 15.87 | 14 July 1998 | Rome | ||
DB | ![]() | 3:58.7 min:s | 963 | 3 April 1980 | Austin | ||||
Total | World records | 12,598 | 1,968 | ⌀ 11.16 | |||||
Decathlon bests | 10,630 |
All-time top 25
Men
- Correct as of August 2023.[24]
Rank | Score | Athlete | Date | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 9,126 | ![]() |
15–16 September 2018 | Talence | [25] |
( 10.55/+0.3 - 7.80/+1.2 - 16.00 - 2.05 - 48.42 / 13.75/-1.1 - 50.54 - 5.45 - 71.90 - 4:36.11 ) | |||||
2 | 9,045 | ![]() | 28–29 August 2015 | Beijing | |
( 10.23/-0.4 - 7.88/0.0 - 14.52 - 2.01 - 45.00 / 13.69/-0.2 - 43.34 - 5.20 - 63.63 - 4:17.52 ) | |||||
3 | 9,026 | ![]() | 26–27 May 2001 | Götzis | |
( 10.64/0.0 - 8.11/+1.9 - 15.33 - 2.12 - 47.79 / 13.92/-0.2 - 47.92 - 4.80 - 70.16 - 4:21.98 ) | |||||
4 | 9,018 | ![]() |
4–5 August 2021 | Tokyo | [26] |
( 10.12/+0.2 - 8.24/+0.2 - 14.80 - 2.02 - 47.48 / 13.46/-1.0 - 48.67 - 4.90 - 63.44 - 4:31.08 ) | |||||
5 | 8,994 | ![]() | 3–4 July 1999 | Prague | |
( 10.54/-0.1 - 7.90/+1.1 - 16.78 - 2.04 - 48.08 / 13.73/0.0 - 48.33 - 4.90 - 72.32 - 4:37.20 ) | |||||
6 | 8,909 | ![]() |
25–26 August 2023 | Budapest | [27] |
( 10.45/-0.3 - 7.59/+0.2 - 15.81 - 2.08 - 47.21 / 13.77/+0.2 - 50.98 - 5.20 - 60.90 - 4:39.88 ) | |||||
7 | 8,891 | ![]() | 4–5 September 1992 | Talence | |
( 10.43/+2.1 - 8.08/+1.8 - 16.69 - 2.07 - 48.51 / 13.98/-0.5 - 48.56 - 5.00 - 62.58 - 4:42.10 ) | |||||
8 | 8,867 | ![]() |
6–7 May 2022 | Fayetteville | [28] |
( 10.68/+0.9 - 7.68/+2.0 - 16.12 - 2.04 - 48.38 / 13.59/+1.0 - 51.04 - 5.15 - 67.16 - 4:46.37 ) | |||||
9 | 8,836 | ![]() |
7–8 June 2023 | Austin | [29] |
( 10.61/-0.3 - 7.68/+2.4 - 16.27 - 2.04 - 47.08 / 14.10/+3.1 - 55.06 - 5.21 - 57.45 - 4:48.00 ) | |||||
10 | 8,832 | ![]() | 29–30 June 2008 | Eugene | |
( 10.39/-0.4 - 7.39/-1.6 - 15.17 - 2.08 - 48.41 / 13.75/+1.9 - 52.74 - 5.00 - 70.55 - 4:50.97 ) | |||||
11 | 8,815 | ![]() | 6–7 August 2001 | Edmonton | |
( 10.60/+1.5 - 7.63/+2.0 - 14.90 - 2.03 - 46.23 / 14.40/0.0 - 43.40 - 5.40 - 67.01 - 4:29.58 ) | |||||
12 | 8,811 | ![]() | 27–28 August 1986 | Stuttgart | |
( 10.26/+2.0 - 7.72/+1.0 - 15.73 - 2.00 - 47.02 / 14.04/-0.3 - 43.38 - 5.10 - 62.78 - 4:26.16 ) | |||||
13 | 8,790 | ![]() | 19–20 August 2009 | Berlin | |
( 10.45/+0.2 - 7.83/+1.9 - 15.33 - 1.99 - 48.13 / 13.86/+0.3 - 48.08 - 5.20 - 68.00 - 4:48.91 ) | |||||
14 | 8,784 | ![]() | 21–22 June 2003 | Palo Alto | |
( 10.78/+0.2 - 7.96/+1.4 - 16.28 - 2.17 - 48.22 / 14.13/+1.7 - 45.84 - 5.20 - 60.77 - 4:48.12 ) | |||||
15 | 8,756 | ![]() | 25–26 August 2023 | Budapest | [30] |
( 10.60/+0.1 - 7.55/+1.0 - 15.94 - 2.02 - 48.05 / 14.47/+0.2 - 54.97 - 4.80 - 68.05 - 4:39.67 ) | |||||
16 | 8,735 | ![]() | 28–29 May 1994 | Götzis | |
( 10.50/+2.1 - 7.26/+1.0 - 16.05 - 2.11 - 47.63 / 13.82/-3.0 - 49.70 - 4.90 - 60.32 - 4:35.09 ) | |||||
17 | 8,730 | ![]() | 27–28 August 1986 | Stuttgart | |
( 10.87/+2.5 - 7.89/+2.8 - 16.46 - 2.12 - 48.79 / 14.52/-0.3 - 48.42 - 4.60 - 64.38 - 4:21.61 ) | |||||
18 | 8,725 | ![]() | 23–24 August 2004 | Athens | |
( 10.50/+2.2 - 7.81/-0.9 - 15.93 - 2.09 - 46.81 / 13.97/+1.5 - 51.65 - 4.60 - 55.54 - 4:38.11 ) | |||||
19 | 8,720 | ![]() | 6–7 May 2022 | Fayetteville | [28] |
( 10.63/+0.9 - 7.86/+1.0 - 16.44 - 2.16 - 49.04 / 13.71/+1.0 - 46.16 - 4.85 - 59.63 - 4:43.21 ) | |||||
20 | 8,706 | ![]() | 31 July – 1 August 1996 | Atlanta | |
( 10.60/ - 8.07/+0.8 - 13.60 - 2.04 - 48.34 / 13.47/+0.3 - 45.04 - 4.80 - 66.86 - 4:31.41 ) | |||||
21 | 8,705 | ![]() | 23–24 April 1992 | Azusa | |
( 10.96/+0.4 - 7.52/+4.5 - 14.61 - 2.04 - 48.19 / 14.17/+0.3 - 49.88 - 5.28 - 66.96 - 4:29.38 ) | |||||
22 | 8,694 | ![]() | 19–20 June 1998 | New Orleans | |
( 10.31/+3.5 - 7.76/+2.5 - 15.43 - 2.18 - 49.02 / 14.02/+1.0 - 53.22 - 4.60 - 61.59 - 4:59.43 ) | |||||
23 | 8,691 | ![]() | 2–3 October 2019 | Doha | [31] |
( 11.27/+0.3 - 7.19/+0.6 - 15.10 - 2.02 - 48.48 / 14.64/+0.7 - 49.20 - 5.00 - 79.05 - 4:15.70 ) | |||||
24 | 8,681 | ![]() | 25–26 August 2023 | Budapest | [32] |
( 10.84/-0.1 - 7.58/+0.4 - 15.75 - 2.05 - 48.58 / 14.68/+0.2 - 50.57 - 4.80 - 66.42 - 4:20.73 ) | |||||
25 | 8,676 | ![]() | 27–28 August 1986 | Stuttgart | |
( 10.83/+2.0 - 7.60/+0.3 - 15.45 - 2.12 - 47.57 / 14.07/-0.3 - 45.66 - 4.90 - 65.34 - 4:35.00 ) | |||||
8,676 | ![]() |
23–24 July 2022 | Eugene | [33] | |
( 10.57/+0.8 - 7.70/+1.6 - 15.37 - 2.08 - 49.56 / 14.47/+1.5 - 48.40 - 5.40 - 62.18 - 4:44.97) |
Notes
Below is a list of other scores equal or superior to 8750 pts:
- Ashton Eaton also scored 9039 (2012), 8893 (2016), 8809 (2013) and 8750 (2016).
- Damian Warner also scored 8995 (2021), 8804 (2023), 8797 (2022) and 8795 (2018).
- Tomáš Dvořák also scored 8902 (2001), 8900 (2000) and 8837 (1997).
- Roman Šebrle also scored 8893 (2004), 8807 (2003), 8800 (2002) and 8757 (2000).
- Kevin Mayer also scored 8834 (2016), 8816 (2022) and 8768 (2017).
- Dan O'Brien also scored 8824 (1996), 8812 (1991) and 8755 (1998).
- Bryan Clay also scored 8791 (2008).
- Tom Pappas also scored 8750 (2003).
Women
- Correct as of September 2021.
Rank | Score | Athlete | Date | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 8,358 | ![]() |
14–15 April 2005 | Columbia | |
2 | 8,150 | ![]() |
25–26 September 2004 | Talence | |
3 | 7,921 | ![]() |
22–23 June 2019 | San Mateo | [34] |
4 | 7,885 | ![]() |
1997 | [35] | |
5 | 7,798 | ![]() |
25–26 September 2004 | Talence | |
6 | 7,742[lower-alpha 1] | ![]() |
14–15 September 2003 | Sochi[lower-alpha 2] | [35] |
7 | 7,577 | ![]() |
9–10 September 2000 | Lage | [35] |
8 | 7,470[lower-alpha 1] | ![]() |
2001 | [35] | |
9 | 7,358 | ![]() |
25–26 September 2004 | Talence | |
10 | 7,244[lower-alpha 1] | ![]() |
10–11 November 2018 | Aichi | |
11 | 7,082 | ![]() |
9–10 September 2000 | Lage | |
12 | 7,064 | ![]() |
13–14 April 2006 | Columbia | |
13 | 6,999 | ![]() |
15–16 March 1997 | Los Angeles | |
14 | 6,878 | ![]() |
12–13 September 2015 | Erith | [36] |
15 | 6,830 | ![]() |
4–5 May 2002 | Linz | [37] |
16 | 6,749 | ![]() |
25–26 September 2004 | Talence | |
17 | 6,709 | ![]() |
25–26 September 2004 | Talence | |
18 | 6,641 | ![]() |
14–15 April 2005 | Columbia | |
19 | 6,614 | ![]() |
22–23 October 2005 | Castellón | |
20 | 6,599 | ![]() |
21–22 October 2006 | Udine | [38] |
21 | 6,577 | ![]() |
28–29 September 2019 | Schaarbeek | [39] |
22 | 6,570 | ![]() |
27–28 November 2004 | Rosario | [40] |
23 | 6,531 | ![]() |
9–10 September 2000 | Lage | |
24 | 6,338 | ![]() |
13–14 April 2006 | Columbia | [41] |
25 | 6,330 | ![]() |
22–23 June 2019 | San Mateo | [35] |
Notes
Below is a list of other scores equal or superior to 7000 pts:
- Austra Skujytė also scored 8091 pts (2006).
Competitions
Olympic medalists
World Championships medalists
Continental competitions
Season's bests
National records
- Updated 31 August 2023.[24]
NR's equal or superior to 8,000 pts:
Junior (under-20) Decathlon bests
Event | Record | Score | Athlete | Nation | Date | Meet | Place | Age | Ref | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 m | 10.51 (-0.3 m/s) | 973 pts | Ashley Moloney | ![]() |
10 July 2018 | World Junior Championships | Tampere, Finland | 18 years, 119 days | [43] | ||||||||||||||||||
Long jump | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shot put (6 kg) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
High jump | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
400 m | 46.86 | 965 pts | Ashley Moloney | ![]() |
10 July 2018 | World Junior Championships | Tampere, Finland | 18 years, 119 days | [44] | ||||||||||||||||||
110 m hurdles (0.99 m) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discus throw (1.750 kg) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pole vault | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Javelin throw | 71.59 m | 914 pts | Niklas Kaul | ![]() |
20 July 2016 | World Junior Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 18 years, 160 days | [45] | ||||||||||||||||||
1500 m | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
World Junior record | 8435 pts | Niklas Kaul | ![]() |
22–23 July 2017 | European U20 Championships | Grosseto, Italy | 19 years, 162 days | [46] | |||||||||||||||||||
|
Other multiple event contests
See also
Explanatory notes
- Wind information missing for formal ranking.
- Krasnodar by other sources
- Jenner is now known as Caitlyn due to gender transition in 2015.[42]
References
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- "Men's Decathlon Results" (PDF). olympics.com. August 5, 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 5, 2021. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
- "Men's Decathlon Results" (PDF). World Athletics. August 26, 2023. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- "Decathlon Results". flashresults.com. May 7, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
- "Decathlon Result" (PDF). flashresults.ncaa.com. June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
- "Men's Decathlon Results" (PDF). World Athletics. August 26, 2023. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- "Decathlon Results" (PDF). IAAF. October 3, 2019. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
- "Men's Decathlon Results" (PDF). World Athletics. August 26, 2023. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- "Decathlon Results" (PDF). World Athletics. July 24, 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
- "National Women's Decathlon Championships - 6/22/2019 to 6/23/2019". rtspt.com. Archived from the original on June 25, 2019. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- "JORDAN GRAY SETS AMERICAN RECORD WINNING INITIAL WOMEN'S DECATHLON NATL'S". pausatf.org. June 23, 2019. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- "Kent County Multi-Events Championships Complete Results" (PDF). kcaa.org.uk. September 12, 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 25, 2015. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
- Roger Ruth (January 29, 2007). "t-and-f: Women's Decathlon 2006". mail-archive.com. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- Roger Ruth (January 29, 2007). "t-and-f: Women's Decathlon 2006". mail-archive.com. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- "L'exploit et le record de Belgique battu pour la jeune Cassandra Evans en décathlon : "L'aboutissement de la saison ! "" (in French). DHNET.BE. October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2020.
- Roger Ruth (January 29, 2007). "t-and-f: Women's Decathlon 2006". mail-archive.com. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- Roger Ruth (January 29, 2007). "t-and-f: Women's Decathlon 2006". mail-archive.com. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- Buzz Bissinger (June 1, 2015). "Introducing Caitlyn Jenner". Vanity Fair. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
- "100m Results" (PDF). IAAF. July 10, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
- "400m Results" (PDF). IAAF. July 10, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
- "Decathlon Results" (PDF). IAAF. July 20, 2016. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
- "Decathlon Results" (PDF). EA. July 23, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
External links

- IAAF decathlon homepage
- IAAF list of decathlon records in XML
- Team Decathlon website
- Decathlon splits of Olympic, World and European medalists
- A downloadable Excel spreadsheet of multi-event scoring and age grading is available from the creator, Stefan Waltermann