Dedham, Massachusetts

Dedham (/ˈdɛdəm/ DED-əm) is a town in and the county seat of Norfolk County, Massachusetts.[5] The population was 25,364 at the 2020 census.[6] It is located on Boston's southwest border. On the northwest it is bordered by Needham, on the southwest by Westwood, and on the southeast by Canton. The town was first settled by European colonists in 1635.

Dedham, Massachusetts
Town
Town of Dedham
First Church and Parish
First Church and Parish
Flag of Dedham, Massachusetts
Flag
Official seal of Dedham, Massachusetts
Seal
Motto: 
Contentment
Location of Dedham in Norfolk County, Massachusetts
Location of Dedham in Norfolk County, Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°14′30″N 71°10′00″W
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyNorfolk
Settled1635
Incorporated1636
Named forDedham, Essex
Government
 • TypeRepresentative town meeting
 • Town
   Manager		Leon Goodwin
 • Select Board
James A. MacDonald, Chair
Dennis J. Teehan, Jr., Vice Chair
Dimitria Sullivan
Erin Boles Welsh
Josh Donati[1]
Area
 • Total10.6 sq mi (27.6 km2)
 • Land10.5 sq mi (27.1 km2)
 • Water0.2 sq mi (0.5 km2)
Elevation
120 ft (37 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total25,364[2]
 • Density2,415.62/sq mi (935.94/km2)
Ethnicity[3]
 • White alone79.4%
 • Black or African American alone6.24%
 • American Indian and Alaska Native alone0.23%
 • Asian3.79%
 • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone0.02%
 • Some Other Race alone0.3%
 • Two or more races6.45%
Hispanic or Latino[4]
 • Hispanic or Latino8.38%
 • Not Hispanic or Latino91.62%
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (Eastern)
ZIP code
02026 (02027 for P.O. Boxes)
Area code781 / 339
FIPS code25-16495
GNIS feature ID0618318
Websitehttp://www.dedham-ma.gov

History
Main articles: History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635–1699; History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1700–1799; History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1800–1899; History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1900–1999; and History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 2000–present
Part of a series on the
History of Dedham
Fisher Ames
Main article
Dedham, Massachusetts
By year
By topic
For a chronological guide, see Timeline of Dedham, Massachusetts.

17th century

Settled in 1635 by people from Roxbury and Watertown, Dedham was incorporated in 1636. It became the county seat of Norfolk County when the county was formed from parts of Suffolk County on March 26, 1793. When the Town was originally incorporated, the residents wanted to name it "Contentment".[7] The Massachusetts General Court overruled them and named the town after Dedham, Essex in England, where some of the original inhabitants were born.[7] The boundaries of the town at the time stretched to the Rhode Island border.

At the first public meeting on August 15, 1636, eighteen men signed the town covenant. They swore that they would "in the fear and reverence of our Almighty God, mutually and severally promise amongst ourselves and each to profess and practice one truth according to that most perfect rule, the foundation whereof is ever lasting love."

They also agreed that "we shall by all means labor to keep off from us all such as are contrary minded, and receive only such unto us as may be probably of one heart with us, [and such] as that we either know or may well and truly be informed to walk in a peaceable conversation with all meekness of spirit, [this] for the edification of each other in the knowledge and faith of the Lord Jesus…" The covenant also stipulated that if differences were to arise between townsmen, they would seek arbitration for resolution and each would pay his fair share for the common good.

18th century

Just 15 months after asking for their own church, 40 men living on the north side of the Charles River suddenly asked the General Court to separate them from Dedham.[8][9] Their petition cited the inadequate services provided, namely schools and churches.[9][8] They also said that, if they were simply to be made a precinct instead of a separate town, that they would suffer political reprisals.[10][8] Dedham agreed that the services were inadequate and did not oppose the separation, but did try to reduce the amount of land the separatists were seeking.[10][11] Dedham also asked for a delay of one year.[11] The General Court agreed with the petitioners, however, and created the new town of Needham with the original boundaries requested.[10][11] Those who remained in Dedham still held rights to the unallotted lands in Needham, however, and any decrease in taxes would be offset by a decrease in expenditures.[10] There may have also been some satisfaction in separating themselves from those on the other side of the 1704 power struggle.[10]

In November 1798, David Brown led a group in Dedham protesting the federal government; they set up a liberty pole, as people had before the American Revolution. It carried the words, "No Stamp Act, No Sedition Act, No Alien Bills, No Land Tax, downfall to the Tyrants of America; peace and retirement to the President; Long Live the Vice President", referring to then-President John Adams and Vice President Thomas Jefferson.[12][13][14] Brown was arrested in Andover but because he could not afford the $4,000 bail, he was taken to Salem for trial.[15] Brown was tried in June 1799.[12] Although he wanted to plead guilty, Justice Samuel Chase urged him to name those who had helped him or subscribed to his writings in exchange for freedom.[12] Brown refused, was fined $480,[16][17] and sentenced to eighteen months in prison. It was the most severe sentence up to then imposed under the Alien and Sedition Acts.[12][15]

Dedham is home to the Fairbanks House, the oldest surviving timber-frame house in the United States, scientifically dated to 1637. On January 1, 1643, by unanimous vote, Dedham authorized the first taxpayer-funded public school, "the seed of American education".[18] Its first schoolmaster, Rev. Ralph Wheelock, a Clare College graduate, was paid 20 pounds annually to instruct the youth of the community. Descendants of these students would become presidents of Dartmouth College, Yale University and Harvard University.

The first man-made canal in North America, Mother Brook, was created in Dedham in 1639. It linked the Charles River to the Neponset River. Although both are slow-moving rivers, they are at different elevations. The difference in elevation made the canal's current swift enough to power several local mills.

19th century

In 1818, though citizens were still taxed for the support of ministers and other "public teachers of religion", Dedham set a precedent toward the separation of church and state. Residents of the town selected a minister different than that chosen by the church members; the selection by residents was confirmed by the Supreme Judicial Court. This decision increased support for the disestablishment of the Congregational churches.

The local Endicott Estate burned to the ground in 1904 after the local volunteer fire department, responding to three separate fires burning simultaneously, reached the Endicott fire last. By the time they arrived, only ashes remained. It is said that the estate's owner, Henry Bradford Endicott (also founder of the Endicott Johnson Corporation) took the burning of the homestead as a divine command to rebuild (which he did). The rebuilt Endicott Estate is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The estate and surrounding grounds are open to the public, upholding Henry's stepdaughter Katherine's wish to use the house and property for "educational, civic, social and recreational purposes".

20th century

In 1921, the historic Sacco and Vanzetti trial was held in the Norfolk County Courthouse in Dedham.[19] Dedham Pottery is a cherished class of antiques, characterized by a distinctive crackle glaze, blue-and-white color scheme, and a frequent motif of rabbits and other animals. Dedham is sometimes called the "mother of towns" because 14 present-day communities were included within its original broad borders.[20]

Geography

Dedham is located at 42°14′40″N 71°9′55″W (42.244609, −71.165531).[21] On the northeast corner of High Street and Court Street the U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey, now the U.S. National Geodetic Survey, has placed a small medallion into a granite block showing an elevation of 112.288 feet.

Dedham is made up of a number of neighborhoods:

  • In the geographical center of town is Oakdale. It is roughly defined by East Street to the west, Cedar Street to the south and east, and Whiting Ave to the north.
    • The houses in the area around Woodleigh Road, which was declared to be one of the best streets in Greater Boston, have many homes designed by Henry Bailey Alden, who also designed the Endicott Estate.[22]
    • The subdivision consisting of Morse Avenue, Fulton Street, and Edison Avenue, is named Whiting Park.[23]
  • Riverdale is an island surrounded by the Charles River and Long Ditch.
  • Greenlodge runs along the axis of Greenlodge Street and the area between Greenlodge Street and East Street.
  • The Manor comprises the neighborhood south of Sprague Street.
  • East Dedham falls between Mother Brook and the Boston line.
  • Precinct One, or Upper Dedham, is in the northwest corner of the town, between High Street and Common Street and the Westwood and Needham lines.
    • Job's Island, named for Job Richard,[24] is now a peninsula at 91 Common Street.
  • Ashcroft is the neighborhood between Cedar Street and Sprague Street. It includes Paul Park and the Capen School.
    • The undeveloped strip of land between Beech Street and Turner Street is known as Ogden's Woods.[25]
  • Fairbanks is the neighborhood between East Street and Wigwam Pond.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 10.6 square miles (27 km2), of which 10.4 square miles (27 km2) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) (1.79%) is water.

Climate

Dedham has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb under the Köppen climate classification system), with high humidity and precipitation year-round.

Climate data for Dedham, Massachusetts
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 66
(19)		 67
(19)		 74
(23)		 82
(28)		 91
(33)		 95
(35)		 100
(38)		 97
(36)		 97
(36)		 87
(31)		 77
(25)		 66
(19)		 100
(38)
Average high °F (°C) 33.6
(0.9)		 34.7
(1.5)		 43.4
(6.3)		 54.9
(12.7)		 66.4
(19.1)		 74.7
(23.7)		 80
(27)		 78
(26)		 70.9
(21.6)		 60.5
(15.8)		 48.9
(9.4)		 37.4
(3.0)		 57.0
(13.9)
Daily mean °F (°C) 26
(−3)		 26
(−3)		 33
(1)		 42
(6)		 53
(12)		 62
(17)		 68
(20)		 66
(19)		 60
(16)		 50
(10)		 39
(4)		 30
(−1)		 46
(8)
Average low °F (°C) 18.3
(−7.6)		 18.8
(−7.3)		 27
(−3)		 36.5
(2.5)		 46.4
(8.0)		 55.4
(13.0)		 61.5
(16.4)		 60.3
(15.7)		 53.4
(11.9)		 43.4
(6.3)		 33.7
(0.9)		 22.8
(−5.1)		 39.8
(4.3)
Record low °F (°C) −14
(−26)		 −21
(−29)		 −5
(−21)		 6
(−14)		 27
(−3)		 31
(−1)		 44
(7)		 32
(0)		 28
(−2)		 32
(0)		 26
(−3)		 22
(−6)		 −21
(−29)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.2
(110)		 3.9
(99)		 4.6
(120)		 4.1
(100)		 3.7
(94)		 3.6
(91)		 3.7
(94)		 4.1
(100)		 4
(100)		 4
(100)		 4.4
(110)		 4.4
(110)		 48.7
(1,228)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 16.1
(41)		 16
(41)		 12
(30)		 3.1
(7.9)		 0.1
(0.25)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0.3
(0.76)		 2.7
(6.9)		 11.7
(30)		 62
(157.81)
Average precipitation days 12 11 13 12 12 12 11 10 9 10 11 12 135
Source 1: Climate Summary for Dedham, Massachusetts
Source 2: Monthly- All Data for Dedham, Massachusetts

Demographics
See also: List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18001,973[26]—    
18303,057[26]+54.9%
18504,447+45.5%
18606,330+42.3%
18657,198[26]+13.7%
18707,342+2.0%
18806,233−15.1%
18907,123+14.3%
19007,457+4.7%
19109,284+24.5%
192010,782+16.1%
193015,136+40.4%
194015,508+2.5%
195018,487+19.2%
196023,869+29.1%
197026,938+12.9%
198025,298−6.1%
199023,782−6.0%
200023,464−1.3%
201024,729+5.4%
202025,364+2.6%
* = population estimate.
Source: United States census records and Population Estimates Program data.[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]

As of the census[37] of 2000, there were 23,464 people, 8,654 households, and 6,144 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,244.6 inhabitants per square mile (866.6/km2). There were 8,908 housing units at an average density of 852.2 per square mile (329.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.51% White, 1.54% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.87% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.80% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. 2.42% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 8,654 households, of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them. 56.3% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.0% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.14.

Dedham's population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $61,699, and the median income for a family was $72,330. Males had a median income of $46,216 versus $35,682 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,199. About 3.2% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.9% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

Religion
Religious affiliation in Dedham, Massachusetts, 1980–2010[38]
Religion 1980 1990 2000 2010
Catholic 50.14% 54.67% 58.58% 52.97%
Mainline Protestant 13.34% 7.3% 6.18% 4.93%
Evangelical Protestant .85% 1.88% 1.45% 1.69%
Orthodox Christian n/a n/a 1.16% .53%
Other 1.27% 6.88% 7.13% 4.56%
Unaffiliated 34.39% 29.28% 25.52% 35.33%

Seal and flag
The Town of Dedham's flag

The town's seal was originally designed by a member of the Dedham Historical Society.[39] In the center is a crest containing the Old Avery Oak.[39] When the tree was finally felled, the gavel used by the Moderator at Town Meeting was carved out of it.[40] Above the tree are the scales of justice, representing Dedham as the county seat and home to Norfolk County's courts.[39] On the left of the tree are agricultural instruments, and on the right is a factory, showing Dedham's history first as a town of farmers and then as one with a number of mills and factories, particularly along Mother Brook.[39] Below the tree is a banner with the word "Contentment", the name of the original plantation.[39]

The town flag is red with the seal prominent and in the center. In the lower left corner is part of the Avery Oak, and in the lower right is part of the Fairbanks House. It hangs in the select board's chambers at town hall and in the Great Hall of the Massachusetts State House.

Government

A charter adopted in 1998 lays out the basic structure of the Town government, although it has been amended occasionally over the years. A seven-member Charter Advisory Committee, appointed in 2012, recommended six substantial changes and numerous minor changes be made to the document. The Selectmen consolidated them into six articles for Town Meeting's consideration, and five were presented to the Meeting in 2013. Voters approved four of them in 2014. A version of the sixth and final proposal was adopted at the Spring 2014 Annual Town Meeting.

Town Meeting

According to Dedham's Charter, the "administration of all the fiscal, prudential, and municipal affairs of the town, with the government thereof, shall be vested in a legislative branch, to consist of a representative town meeting." Town Meeting is to consist of no less than 270 members, but not more than necessary to achieve an equal number coming from each precinct. There are currently seven districts, but could be as few as six or as many as nine, with lines drawn by the Select Board and the Registrars of Voters every ten years.

Votes are by voice unless members call for a standing or roll call vote, either of which can be called for by the Moderator. All Town officers are required to attend Town Meeting and multiple member bodies must send at least one representative who have all the privileges of a Member except the right to vote. If 5% of Town voters petition the Select Board within 14 days of Town Meeting, any action taken may be submitted to voters. The final result is to be determined by majority vote, but Town Meeting can not be overruled unless 20% of registered voters participate.

Town Meeting sets its own rules and keeps a journal of proceedings. The Town Meeting may establish various ad-hoc and standing committees on which any Town Meeting Member or voter may serve.

Before each Spring Annual Town Meeting, the Public Service Recognition Award is given to recognize citizens who have performed outstanding acts of service to the community.[41][42]

Town Meeting members

Currently Town Meeting consists of 273 members, or representatives, with each of the seven districts, or precincts, electing 39. Thirteen are elected from each precinct each year and serve a three-year term. Each precinct elects from its own members a chairman, vice chairman, and secretary.

To be eligible, candidates must have 10 registered voters from their precinct sign nomination papers. Town Meeting Representatives can not serve on any other elected board or on the Finance and Warrant Committee. Members who move from the district or are removed by redistricting may serve until the next Town Election; however, any member who moves out of the Town immediately ceases to be a Member.

In case of a vacancy, the remaining term is to be filled at the next town election. If no election is to take place within 120 days of the vacancy, then the district chairman is to call together the members of the district, and they are to elect a member who will serve until the next town election.

Warrant

The Warrant at Town Meeting includes the articles to be voted on. Any elected or appointed board, committee, town officer, or any ten voters may place an article on the warrant. Each article to be voted on is directed by the Select Board to an appropriate board or committee to hear and provide the original motion at Town Meeting. All articles expending funds are directed to the Finance Committee; articles dealing with planning and zoning to the Planning Board; articles relating to by-laws to the By-Law Committee. The Finance Committee recommendation has the force of the original motion on all articles except those related to zoning. The Planning Board makes the original motion for those.

Mini Town Meeting

The chairmen of the several districts elect from amongst themselves a chairman. This Chairman of the chairmen hosts what is officially known as the District Chairmen's Warrant Review Meeting, but is much more commonly referred to as Mini Town Meeting. The "Mini", first held in 1978, is generally a week or two before the actual Town Meeting.[43] The purpose of the Mini is to air out several of the contentious issues before bringing them to the floor of Town Meeting.

Select Board

The executive branch of the Town Government is "headed" by a Select Board. The Board has five members who are elected for three-year terms and are the chief policy making body for the town. They appoint a Town Manager who runs the day-to-day affairs of the Town. They also appoint constables, registrars of voters and other election officers, the board of appeals, conservation commission, historic district commission, and members of several other multiple member boards. James A. MacDonald serves as chair, with Dennis J. Teehan, Jr. serving as Vice Chair. Dimitria Sullivan, Erin Boles Welch, and Josh Donati also serve as members.

Select board members set policy for all departments below it, but are not involved in the day-to-day affairs of the Town. They issue licenses and can investigate the affairs and the conduct of any town agency.

Town Clerk

The Elected Town Clerk serves a three-year term and works full-time for the Town. The Clerk is "the keeper of vital statistics of the town and the custodian of the town seal and all public records, administer[s] the oaths of office to all town officers... [and is] the clerk of the town meeting." In the role as clerk of town meeting, he notifies the public and members of the Town Meeting and keeps a verbatim record of proceedings. The current Town Clerk is Paul Munchbach.

Town Moderator

Town Meetings are presided over by the Town Moderator, but he has no vote unless all the Members present and voting are equally divided. At the first Town Meeting following the annual town election, he is to appoint, subject to Town Meeting's confirmation, a Deputy Moderator from the elected Members. The Deputy serves in case of the Moderator's absence or disability. The current Town Moderator is Dan Driscoll.

Other boards and committees

The seven members of the School Committee are elected for three-year terms and appoint a Superintendent of Schools. They also set policy for the School Department. The School Committee is currently chaired by Victor Hebert, with Mayanne MacDonald Briggs serving as Vice Chairperson. The other members of the committee are Cailen McCormick, Chris Polito, Leah Flynn Gallant, and Stephen Acosta.[44]

The three elected members of the Board of Assessors serve three-year terms and annually make a fair cash valuation of all property within the town. The current chair is Richard J. Schoenfeld. Michael T. Polito serves as Vice Chair and George Panagopoulos serves as Secretary.

The three elected members of the Board of Health are responsible for the formulation and enforcement of rules and regulations affecting the environment and the public health. Currently the board is chaired by Leanne Jasset, B.S.P. RPH. Bernadette Chirokas and Noreen Guilfoyle also serve on the board.

The Board of Library Trustees has five members, each of whom serves three-year terms, and has care of the Town's public library at the Endicott Branch and Main Branch. The Board develops policies to dictate how the library functions and operates. The Board is responsible for the library's buildings, including library hours and building use outside of regular operating hours. The Board also reviews the Director's budget request, makes recommendations, and officially adopts the operating budget. The current chair is Tom Turner, with Brian Keaney serving as Vice Chair. Crystal Power serves as Clerk. Annette Raphel and Rita Chapdelaine also serve as members.

The five elected members of the Planning Board make studies and prepare plans concerning the resources, possibilities, and needs of the town. It also prepares the Master Plan. Currently the board is chaired by Michael A. Podolski, Esq., with Jessica Porter serving as Vice-Chair. James E. Brien IV serves as Clerk. John Bethoney and James F. McGrail, Esq. are also members. Andrew Pepoli serves as an unelected Associate.

There are five elected members of the Parks & Recreation Commission. Section 3-10 of the Town Charter states that the goal of the commission is to promote physical education, play, recreation, sport and other programs for people of all ages. The commission is currently chaired by Lisa Farnham, with Jon Briggs serving as Vice Chair. Lisa Moran, Chuck Dello Iacono, and Ryan O'Toole are also members.

There are five elected Commissioners of Trust Funds who manage and control all funds left, given, bequeathed, or devised to the town, and distribute the income in accordance with the terms of the respective trusts. The commission's Chair is Emily Reynolds, with Nicole P Munchbach serving as Vice Chair and Salvatore A Spada as Clerk. Bob Desmond and Dan Jon Oneil Jr. are also members.

There are five members of the Housing Authority Board. Four are elected by the Town and one is appointed by the Commonwealth Commissioner of Community Affairs. As members of the Board, they have all of the powers and duties which are given to housing authorities under the constitution and laws of the Commonwealth. The current chair is Donna M. Brown Rego and Margaret Matthews serves as the Assistant Chair & State Appointee. Skye Kessler serves as Treasurer, John B. Kane as Assistant Treasurer, and John Wagner as a member.

Politics

Presidential elections
Presidential election results
Year Republican Democratic Libertarian Green-Rainbow Constitution Reform Natural Law Workers World New Alliance Socialist Workers Citizens American Labor American Independent Socialist Labor People's Independent Write-in votes
2020[45] 4,771 (30.07%) Trump and Pence 10,760 (67.81%) Biden and Harris 191 (1.20%) Jorgensen and Cohen 60 (0.38%) Hawkins and Walker 85 (0.54%)
2016[46] 4,778 (33.12%) Trump and Pence 8,621 (59.76%) Clinton and Kaine 570 (3.95%) Johnson and Weld 149 (1.03%) Stein and Baraka 1 (0.01%) McMullin and Johnson 308 (2.13%)
2012[47] 5,734 (41.83%) Romney and Ryan 7,757 (56.58%) Obama and Biden 122 (0.89%) Johnson and Gray 54 (0.39%) Stein and Honkala 42 (0.31%)
2008[48] 5,361 (42.00%) McCain and Palin 7,108 (55.69%) Obama and Biden 62 (0.49%) Barr and Root 25 (0.20%) McKinney and Clemente 20 (0.16%) Baldwin and Castle 116 (0.91%) Nader and Gonzalez 71 (0.56%)
2004[49] 4,866 (39.31%) Bush and Cheney 7,410 (59.87%) Kerry and Edwards 66 (0.53%) Badnarik and Campagna 35 (0.28%) Cobb and LaMarche
2000[50] 4,110 (34.38%) Bush and Cheney 7,028 (58.79%) Gore and Lieberman 72 (0.60%) Browne and Olivier 645 (5.40%) Nader and LaDuke 67 (0.56%) Buchanan and Higgins 8 (0.07%) Hagelin and Tompkins 25 (0.21%)
1996[51] 3,672 (32.36%) Dole and Kemp 6,620 (58.33%) Clinton and Gore 111 (0.98%) Browne and Jorgensen 914 (8.05%) Perot and Choate 21 (0.19%) Hagelin and Tompkins 11 (0.10%) Moorehead and LaRiva
1992[52] 4,409 (33.77%) Bush and Quayle 5,675 (43.47%) Clinton and Gore 39 (0.30%) Marrou and Lord 11 (0.08%) Phillips and Knight Phillips 7 (0.05%) Hagelin and Tompkins 4 (0.03%) Fulani and Munoz 2,907 (22.27%) Perot and Stockdale 4 (0.03%)
1988[53] 6,440 (49.53%) Bush and Quayle 6,341 (48.77%) Dukakis and Bentsen 146 (1.12%) Paul and Marrou 66 (0.51%) Fulani and Dattner 10 (0.08%)
1984[54] 7,040 (54.71%) Reagan and Bush 5,782 (44.94%) Mondale and Ferraro 36 (0.28%) Serrette and Ross 9 (0.07%)
1980[55] 6,367 (46.74%) Reagan and Bush 5,071 (37.23%) Carter and Mondale 123 (0.90%) Clark and Koch 24 (0.18%) DeBerry and Zimmerman 4 (0.03%) Commoner and Harris 2,013 (14.78%) Anderson and Lucey 20 (0.15%)
1976[56] 6,137 (45.55%) Ford and Dole 6,853 (50.86%) Carter and Mondale 1 (0.01%) MacBride and Bergland 42 (0.31%) Camejo and Reid 37 (0.27%) Anderson and Shackelford 43 (0.32%) LaRouche and Evans 355 (2.63%) McCarthy and Stouffer 5 (0.04%)
1972[57] 6,041 (44.35%) Nixon and Agnew 7,209 (52.92%) McGovern and Shriver 61 (0.45%) Jenness and Pulley 51 (0.37%) Schmitz and Anderson 2 (0.01%) Fisher and Gunderson 1 (0.01%) Spock and Hobson

U.S. Senate elections
U.S. Senate election results
Year Republican Democratic Twelve Visions Libertarian Constitution Timesizing Not Downsizing Conservative Natural Law LaRouche Was Right Socialist Workers U.S. Labor Party Prohibition Independent Write-in votes
2020[58] 4,902 (31.64%) Kevin J. O'Connor 10,504 (67.81%) Edward J. Markey 55 (0.36%) Shiva Ayyadurai 30 (0.19%)
2018[59] 4,665 (38.19%) Geoff Diehl 7,157 (58.60%) Elizabeth A. Warren 378 (3.09%) Shiva Ayyadurai 14 (0.11%)
2014[60] 3,624 (38.80%) Brian J. Herr 5,706 (61.09%) Edward J. Markey 10 (0.10%)
2013[61] 2,846 (49.26%) Gabriel E. Gomez 2,885 (49.93%) Edward J. Markey 26 (0.45%) Richard A. Heos 21 (0.36%)
2012[62] 6,951 (50.82%) Scott P. Brown 6,715 (49.09%) Elizabeth A. Warren 12 (0.09%)
2010[63] 5,979 (55.47%) Scott P. Brown 4,647 (43.11%) Martha Coakley 147 (1.36%) Joseph L. Kennedy 6 (0.06%)
2008[64] 4,326 (34.93%) Jeffrey K. Beatty 7,707 (62.22%) John F. Kerry 342 (2.76%) Robert J. Underwood 11 (0.09%)
2006[65] 3,048 (31.59%) Kenneth G. Chase 6,587 (68.27%) Edward M. Kennedy 14 (0.15%)
2002[66] 7,522 (79.88%) John F. Kerry 1,791 (19.02%) Michael E. Cloud 67 (0.71%) Randall Forsberg 37 (0.39%)
2000[67] 1,295 (11.24%) Jack E. Robinson, III 8,277 (71.89%) Edward M. Kennedy 1,457 (12.65%) Carla A. Howell 409 (3.55%) Philip F. Lawler 35 (0.30%) Philip Hyde, III 39 (0.34%) Dale E. Friedgen 5 (0.04%)
1996[68] 5,173 (45.26%) William F. Weld 5,757 (50.37%) John F. Kerry 472 (4.13%) Susan C. Gallagher 28 (0.24%) Robert C. Stowe
1994[69] 4,498 (43.06%) W. Mitt Romney 5,858 (56.08%) Edward M. Kennedy 65 (0.62%) Lauraleigh Dozier 25 (0.24%) William A. Ferguson Jr.
1990[70] 4,905 (42.21%) Jim Rappaport 6,715 (57.79%) John F. Kerry
1988[71] 5,221 (40.52%) Joseph D Malone 7,553 (58.62%) Edward M. Kennedy 64 (0.50%) Mary Fridley 22 (0.17%) Freda Lee Nason
1984[72] 6,621 (51.79%) Raymond Shamie 6,159 (48.18%) John F. Kerry 4 (0.03%)
1982[73] 4,692 (41.48%) Ray Shamie 6,545 (57.86%) Edward M. Kennedy 72 (0.64%) Howard S. Katz 2 (0.02%)
1978[74] 4,494 (40.82%) Edward Brooke 6,504 (59.07%) Paul E. Tsongas 11 (0.10%)
1976[75] 4,728 (36.59%) Michael S. Robertson 7,932 (61.39%) Edward M. Kennedy 134 (1.04%) Carol Henderson Evans 126 (0.98%) H. Graham Lowry
1972[76] 7,748 (58.25%) Edward Brooke 5,417 (40.73%) John J. Droney 135 (1.01%) Donald Gurewitz 1 (0.01%)
1970[77] 4,311 (38.50%) Josiah A. Spaulding 6,807 (60.80%) Edward M. Kennedy 25 (0.22%) Lawrence Gilfedder 47 (0.42%) Mark R. Shaw 6 (0.05%)

U.S. House elections
U.S. House election results
Year District Republican Democratic Conservative Socialist Workers Unenrolled Write-in votes
2020[78] 8 11,626 (82.21%) Stephen F. Lynch 2,420 (17.11%) Jonathan D. Lott 96 (0.68%)
2018[79] 8 9,721 (98.61%) Stephen F. Lynch 137 (1.39%)
2016[80] 8 3,379 (24.46%) William Burke 10,414 (75.37%) Stephen F. Lynch 24 (0.17%)
2014[81] 8 7,371 (98.44%) Stephen F. Lynch 117 (1.56%)
2012[82] 8 2,949 (23.01%) Joe Selvaggi 9,844 (76.81%) Stephen F. Lynch 23 (0.18%)
2010[83] 9 2,474 (24.95%) Vernon M. Harrison 6,616 (66.73%) Stephen F. Lynch 810 (8.17%) Philip Dunklebarger 14 (0.14%)
2008[84] 9 9,609 (98.74%) Stephen F. Lynch 123 (1.26%)
2006[85] 9 2,474 (26.41%) Jack E. Robinson, III 7,407 (79.08%) Stephen F. Lynch 20 (0.21%)
2004[86] 9 8,957 (100.00%) Stephen F. Lynch
2002[87] 9 7,434 (98.88%) Stephen F. Lynch 84 (1.12%)
2001[88] 9 1,132 (32.84%) Jo Ann Sprague 2,266 (65.74%) Stephen F. Lynch 33 (0.99%) Susan Gallagher C. Long 16 (0.48%) Brock R. Satter
2000[89] 9 2,775 (24.18%) Janet E. Jeghelian 8,454 (73.65%) John Joseph Moakley 242 (2.11%) David A. Rosa 7 (0.06%)
1998[90] 9 7,029 (98.96%) John Moakley 74 (1.04%)
1996[91] 9 3,952 (35.55%) Paul V. Gryska 7,165 (64.45%) John Moakley
1994[92] 9 3,147 (31.40%) Michael M. Murphy 6,874 (68.60%) John Moakley
1992[93] 9 2,647 (21.76%) Martin D. Conboy 8,437 (69.34%) John Moakley 663 (5.45%) Lawrence C. Mackin 420 (3.45%) Robert W. Horan
1990[94] 9 7,799 (68.67%) John Moakley 3,556 (31.31%) Robert W. Horan 2 (0.02%)
1988[95] 9 10,200 (99.99%) John Moakley 1 (0.02%)
1986[96] 9 7,001 (83.10%) John Moakley 1,423 (16.89%) Robert W. Horan 1 (0.01%)
1984[97] 9 10,166 (99.86%) John Moakley 14 (0.14%)

Governor elections
Governor election results
Year Republican Democratic United Independent Unenrolled Unenrolled Green-Rainbow Write-in votes
2018[98] 8,264 (68.76%) Baker and Polito 3,711 (30.88%) Gonzalez and Palfrey 43 (0.36%)
2014[99] 5,107 (52.09%) Baker and Polito 4,299 (43.84%) Coakley and Kerrigan 270 (2.75%) Falchuk and Jennings 66 (0.67%) Lively and Saunders 53 (0.54%) McCormick and Post 10 (0.10%)
2010[100] 4,674 (45.18%) Baker and Tisei 4,513 (43.62%) Patrick and Murray 1,032 (9.98%) Cahill and Losocco 113 (1.09%) Stein and Purcell 13 (0.10%)
2006[101] 4,111 (41.39%) Healey and Hillman 4,874 (49.07%) Patrick and Murray 736 (7.41%) Mihos and Sullivan 197 (1.98%) Ross and Robinson 14 (0.14%)

Economy
Dedham District Court

Dedham has been featured on both television and film screens.

Education

Public education

The Dedham Public Schools operates seven schools and is known for the first implementation of a tax supported, free public school system, now used nationally.

  • Dedham High School
  • Dedham Middle School
  • Avery Elementary School
  • Oakdale Elementary School
  • Greenlodge Elementary School
  • Riverdale Elementary School
  • Dr. Thomas J. Curren Early Childhood Education Center

Private education

In addition, there are several private schools in the town, including:

  • Noble and Greenough School, a private, co-educational day and boarding school for students in grades 7–12
  • Dedham Country Day School, a private, co-educational, day school for students in pre-kindergarten to eighth grade
  • Ursuline Academy, an independent college preparatory day school for young women in grades 7–12.
  • The Rashi School, a Reform Jewish elementary and middle school.
  • Little Sprouts Early Education and Childcare, a preschool and kindergarten.

Former schools
  • Ames School, a former public elementary school named after distinguished Dedham resident Fisher Ames.
  • Charles J. Capen School, operated from 1931 to 1981.
  • St. Mary of the Assumption School, a former Catholic elementary school that operated as a part of St. Mary of the Assumption Parish until 1975.
  • The Quincy School, a former public elementary school that operated until 1982.
  • The Dexter School, a former public elementary school now operating as a private preschool and kindergarten, Little Sprouts Early Education and Childcare, Dedham location.

Higher education

Places of worship
First Church and Parish, Dedham, Massachusetts
The former First Church of Christ, Scientist building in Dedham
Place of worship Denomination Size Founded
First Church and Parish in Dedham Unitarian Universalist 1638 (Split in 1818)
Allin Congregational Church United Church of Christ 1638 (Split in 1818)
St. Paul's Episcopal Church The Episcopal Church 1758
Fellowship Bible Church Nondenominational

prev. Baptist

 1843
St. Mary of the Assumption Church Roman Catholic 2,329 families[116] 1866
Church of the Good Shepherd The Episcopal Church 1877
St. Luke's Lutheran Church Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 1893
St. John of Damascus Church Eastern Orthodox Church 1907
St. Susanna Church Roman Catholic 1960
Calvary Baptist Church Independent Baptist
Dedham Temple Seventh-day Adventist
Former places of worship
Place of worship Denomination Founded Closed
First Church of Christ, Scientist Church of Christ, Scientist 1939 2000s
St. Raphael's Roman Catholic 1878 1887
The Link Church Assemblies of God Moved to Canton

Points of interest
Mill Pond Park

Transportation

Commuter rail service from Boston's South Station is provided by the MBTA with stops at Endicott and Dedham Corporate Center on its Franklin/Foxboro Line. Also, MBTA bus routes 34 Dedham Square to Forest Hills serves Washington Street, Dedham Square, and the Dedham Mall, route 34E Walpole Center to Forest Hills serves Washington Street and Dedham Square, and route 35 Dedham Mall to Forest Hills serves Washington Street and the Dedham Mall.

Notable people

Sports

Arts and literature

State

Federal

Military

Religious
Nathaniel Ames House

Miscellaneous

See also

References
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  154. Levin, Jay. "Eli Sagan, 87, proud Nixon 'enemy'", The Record (Bergen County), January 9, 2015. Accessed January 18, 2015. "Mr. Sagan and his wife, Frimi, who taught English at Dwight-Englewood School, lived in Englewood for 55 years. They moved to Dedham, Mass., in 2011."
  155. Tommy Vietor [@TVietor08] (April 23, 2013). "Lots of reasons to love my hometown of Dedham, MA. Here's one www.museumofbadart.org @BostonGlobe @MarkLeibovich @mikebarnicle @BillSimmons" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  156. Tommy Vietor [@TVietor08] (July 23, 2016). "I grew up in Dedham and don't miss the wild New England summer storms. Hope you guys didn't sustain damage" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

Works cited

Further reading
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Dedham.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dedham, Massachusetts.
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