Regional rail
Regional rail is a term used for passenger rail services that operate between towns and cities. These trains operate with more stops than inter-city rail, and unlike commuter rail, operate beyond the limits of urban areas, connecting smaller cities and towns.
In North America, "regional rail" is often used as a synonym for "commuter rail", often using "commuter rail" to refer to systems that primarily or only offer service during the rush hour while using "regional rail" to refer to systems that offer all-day service.[1][2]
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Regional rail is usually defined as providing services that link settlements to each other, unlike commuter rail which links locations within a singular urban area. Unlike inter-city services, regional trains stop at more stations and serve smaller communities. They may share routes with inter-city services, providing service to settlements that inter-city trains skip, or be the sole service on routes not busy enough to justify inter-city service.
Regional rail services are much less likely to be profitable than inter-city (mainly because many passengers use monthly passes giving a lower price per ride, and that lower average speed gives less distance, meaning less ticket revenue per hour of operation) and hence require government funding. This is justified on social or environmental grounds, and because regional rail services often act as feeders for more profitable inter-city lines.
There are also services that are something in between regional and inter-city, like the Oresundtrain (between Copenhagen and three cities in Sweden over 3 hours away) with stopping pattern like a regional train and pass prices attracting work commuters.
Regional rail in different countries
This list describes the terms used for regional rail in various countries, as described above.
| Country | Railway company | Name | English / comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | SNTF | Inter-villes / Réseau de lignes de banlieue | The "Inter-villes" autorail is the regional train in Algeria, and the "Réseau de lignes de banlieue" (commuter rail) is the suburban train of the big Algerian cities such as Algiers, Oran, Constantine, and Annaba |
| Australia | Queensland rail | Traveltrain | Operates long distance trains in Queensland out of Brisbane. (Except The Inlander) |
| NSW TrainLink | Operates regional and intercity trains in NSW out of Sydney or from Newcastle, It also interstate operations to Melbourne and Brisbane. | ||
| Transwa | Operates regional rail in Western Australia to Kalgoorlie and Bunbury from Perth. | ||
| V/Line | Operates regional and intercity services in Victoria out of Melbourne, it is well known for operating the V/locity DMU. | ||
| Austria | ÖBB | Regionalzug | "Regional train". Calls at every stop. They only convey 2nd class. |
| Belgium | NMBS/SNCB | lokale trein/train local | "Local train" |
| Catalonia, Spain | Rodalies de Catalunya and FGC | Regional, Regional Exprés and Mitjana Distància | Until 2008, Regional Exprés was officially known as Catalunya Exprés.[3] Soon, in 2024, FGC will take over the R12 line of Rodalies de Catalunya, where Renfe Operadora currently operates the trains.[4] |
| China | China Railway | 市郊旅客列车 | "Suburban Railway" (S-series trains), not common. "Inter-City EMU" trains (C-series trains) may be more frequent than Suburban Railways and are used for commuting. |
| Czech Republic | ČD | Osobní vlak, Spěšný vlak | "Passenger train", "Semi-fast train" |
| Denmark | DSB, Arriva | Regionaltog | "Regional train". This category is used for trains usually calling at every stop. |
| Finland | VR Group | Taajamajuna (Finnish) (FI), Regionaltåg (Swedish) | "Conurbation train". Station announcements use "regional train". |
| France | SNCF / RATP | TER, RER, Transilien | Transport Express Régional (TER) in most French regions, Transilien and RER for Île-de-France |
| Germany | DB and others | Regionalbahn (RB) Regionalexpress (RE) |
"Regional train". This category is used for trains calling at every stop outside urban areas. Previously they were named Nahverkehrszug and even before Personenzug. |
| DB | S-Bahn (S) | "Suburban train" or "City train". This category is used for trains calling every stop in a city. S-Bahn only operated in cities. In the country it's called "Regionalbahn" (see above). | |
| India | IR | Passenger train | "Passenger train" or simply as "Passenger". This category is used for trains stopping at every railway station along its route. |
| NCRTC | RapidX | Regional rapid transit systems that offer semi-high-speed connectivity within the regions. | |
| Indonesia | KAI | Kereta Ekonomi Lokal | "Local Economy Train". This category is used for trains stopping at every railway station along their route to a major city within an operational area. Exceptionally, when operating in overlapping pattern with Jakarta commuter rail, the train only stops at certain stations. |
| Italy | Trenord | Treno regionale | "Regional train". This category is used for trains calling at every stop, or most stops. These trains are operated by Trenord, the regional train company for Lombardy. |
| Trenitalia | Treno regionale (IT) | "Regional train". This category is used for trains calling at every stop, or most stops. Previously, regional trains were named treni locali (local trains). | |
| Japan | JR group | 中距離列車 近郊形電車 アーバンネットワーク(āban nettowāku) (JA) |
"Mid-distance Train," "Suburban Train," "Urban-Network." These categories are used for trains calling at less stops than commuter trains in city area, and making every stop in suburb or further. |
| Luxembourg | CFL | Regionalbunn (LB), RegionalExpress | Regionalbunn ("Regional train") is used for trains calling at nearly every stop, unlike RegionalExpress |
| Netherlands | NS and others | Sprinter (NS)/Stoptrein (others) (NL) | "Sprinter" or "Stopping train". Connects nearby cities, stops at (almost) all stations, the basic local train service. |
| Norway | NSB | Regiontog | "Regional train". This term is used by Norges Statsbaner for medium- and long-distance trains: those that do not stop at all stations. Norway has no high-speed trains except for short distances. Long-distance trains have frequent stops, since they are also used for regional travel and do not try to compete with air travel as the railways are winding and slow. |
| Poland | Polregio | Pociąg REGIO (PL) | "REGIO train" |
| Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | Comboio Regional (PT) | "Comboio Regional" Stops at the stations where a person has bought a ticket to the stop. Connects various towns and villages to big cities around the coast. |
| Romania | CFR | Regio | Shortened "Regional" (formerly, Personal) |
| Serbia | Serbian Railways | Putnički voz (Passenger train) | Short-, medium- and long-distance stopping trains, that stop at all stations between two points. These trains are usually the slowest trains in Serbia, but are most commonly used because of their low price comparing to Brzi voz ("Fast train", stopping only at major stations) and Inter Siti Srbija ("InterCity Serbia", similar to Brzi voz, except that most are international trains). Most Putnički voz trains are consisted of one ŽS 441/ŽS 444 locomotive and one to three coaches or ŽS 412 EMU. There are plans to replace ŽS 412s with new ŽS 413 sets. Now its called Regio. |
| Spain | Renfe Operadora | Media Distancia | "Medium Distance" (formerly, Regionales). |
| Sweden | SJ and others | Regionaltåg (SV) | "Regional train". The public transport organisations organise both local and regional trains in Sweden, with similar tickets in both cases, with monthly pass prices competitive with car commuting. In some cases single ride tickets are sold mainly by the operator. SJ sells tickets to all regional trains, in parallel with the main operator. |
| Switzerland | SBB-CFF-FFS and others | Regionalzug (German) Train régional (French) Treno regionale (Italian) |
"Regional Train". Replaces the former terms Personenzug (German, "passenger train") and train omnibus (French) to have a more precise description and basically the same word in all three national languages. Starting in December 2004, the abbreviation Regio was introduced for all languages. Trains named Regio call at every stop. |
| Taiwan | Taiwan Railways Administration | 區間車 (Chinese) | Local trains stop at every stations on main lines; exclusive class on passenger branch lines. Trainsets include: EMU500, EMU700, EMU800, and DRC1000. |
| Turkey | TCDD | Bölgesel Tren | "Regional Train". Stops at (almost) all stations, the basic local train service. |
| United Kingdom (Great Britain) | British Rail (1982–1997) | Regional Railways | Train services outside London and South East which are not InterCity trains. |
References
- Blumgart, Jake. "Taking the 'Commuter' Out of America's Rail Systems". Governing. e.Republic LLC. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- Spieler, Christof (24 Aug 2021). Trains, Buses, People, Second Edition: An Opinionated Atlas of US and Canadian Transit. Island Press. p. 54. ISBN 9781642832136.
- GIRONA, JOAN BRUNET. "RIP Catalunya Exprés - 27 des 2009". El Punt Avui (in Catalan). Retrieved 2023-02-06.
- 324cat (2021-10-19). "Renfe perd Rodalies de Lleida, que gestionarà FGC a partir del 2024". CCMA (in Catalan). Retrieved 2023-02-06.
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