Dolní Čermná

Dolní Čermná (German: Niedertscherma) is a market town in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.

Dolní Čermná
Market town
Church of Saint George
Church of Saint George
Flag of Dolní Čermná
Flag
Coat of arms of Dolní Čermná
Coat of arms
Dolní Čermná is located in Czech Republic
Dolní Čermná
Dolní Čermná
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°58′46″N 16°33′53″E
Country Czech Republic
RegionPardubice
DistrictÚstí nad Orlicí
First mentioned1304
Area
 • Total15.03 km2 (5.80 sq mi)
Elevation
394 m (1,293 ft)
Population
 (2023-01-01)[1]
 • Total1,385
 • Density92/km2 (240/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
561 53
Websitedolni-cermna.cz

Administrative parts

The village of Jakubovice is an administrative part of Dolní Čermná.

Geography

Dolní Čermná is located about 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Ústí nad Orlicí and 55 km (34 mi) east of Pardubice. It lies in the Orlické Foothills. The highest point is the hill Červený vrch at 528 m (1,732 ft) above sea level. The Čermná stream flows through the market town. The market town is situated on the shore of Čermenský pond.

History

Dolní Čermná was probably founded during the colonization during the reign of King Ottokar II between 1253 and 1278. The first written mention of Dolní Čermná is in a deed of King Wenceslaus II from 1304, when the village was part of the Lanškroun estate donated to the newly established Zbraslav Monastery. In 1358, the estate was acquired by the bishopric in Litomyšl.[2]

In 1432, the estate was bought by the Kostka of Postupice family. They founded the Čermenský pond in the village. From 1507 to 1588, the estate was a property of the Pernštejn family, then they sold it to Adam Herzán of Harasov. His sons inherited the estate in 1622, but soon sold it to the Liechtenstein family, who owned it until the establishment of a sovereign municipality in 1848. In 1873, Dolní Čermná was promoted to a market town.[2]

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18693,711—    
18803,479−6.3%
18903,568+2.6%
19003,428−3.9%
19103,429+0.0%
YearPop.±%
19213,155−8.0%
19301,634−48.2%
19501,131−30.8%
19611,249+10.4%
19701,253+0.3%
YearPop.±%
19801,238−1.2%
19911,294+4.5%
20011,337+3.3%
20111,264−5.5%
20211,324+4.7%
Source: Censuses[3][4]

Sights

The main landmark of Dolní Čermná is the Church of Saint George. It was built in 1687–1690 and extended in 1859–1860. The tower dates from 1559.[5]

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Dolní Čermná is twinned with:[6]

References
  1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
  2. "Historie" (in Czech). Městys Dolní Čermná. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
  3. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Ústí nad Orlicí" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 3–4.
  4. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  5. "Kostel sv. Jiří" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
  6. "Partnerské obce" (in Czech). Městys Dolní Čermná. Retrieved 2022-11-09.
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