Haplogroup W

Phylogenetic tree of haplogroups I (left) and W (right). Kya in the left scale bar stands for thousand years ago.

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup W subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[2] and subsequent published research.

• W
  • W1 – Italy,[10] Poland,[11] Czech Republic, Slovenia, Finland, Spain, Qashqai people of Iran[12]
    • W1a – Finns[13]
    • W1b
      • W1b1 – Finns[14]
    • W1-T119C
      • W1c – Poland, Persians from Iran[15]
        • W1c1
    • W1d
    • W1e
      • W1e1
        • W1e1a
    • W1f – Italy
    • W1g – England, Belgium, Portugal, Gitanos (Roma people of Spain)
    • W1h – Nordic countries, England, Croatia, Ashkenazi Jews[16]
      • W1h1 – Italians[17]
  • W-C194T
    • W3 - Turkey,[18] Azerbaijan,[18][19] India (Jammu and Kashmir,[18][20] Tamil Nadu[18])
      • W3a
        • W3a1 – Armenians,[21] Turkey[18] (Turkish,[18] Kurd[22]), France (Toulouse,[23] Sarthe[18]), Italy (Tuscany,[24] Sardinia,[25] Sicily,[26] Umbria,[27] Campania,[28] Trentino-Alto Adige[29]), Hungary,[18] Poland,[18][30] Ukraine,[18] Belarus,[18] Russia (Sunghir6 from 750 - 900 ybp Vladimir Oblast,[18] Sverdlovsk Oblast,[18] Omsk Oblast,[18] Ingushetia,[18] Volga Tatar,[18] Chechens[18]), Denmark,[18] Berbers from Morocco,[31] Pakistan (Pashtun,[18] Kho[18]), India,[18] Singapore,[18] United States[18]
          • W3a1a
            • W3a1a1 – Polish people, Ashkenazi Jews[32]
            • W3a1a2 - Russia (Nizhny Novgorod Oblast,[18] Tatar from Buinsk[18])
            • W3a1a3 - Poland (Podkarpackie[18]), United States[18]
            • W3a1a+T9090C - Pakistan (Kho[18])
            • W3a1a+A15325G - Italy (Napoli[18])
          • W3a1b – Pakistan (Pashtuns,[18] Sindhi, Azad Kashmir[18]), India[18] (New Delhi,[33] Andhra Pradesh[18]),[34] Bangladesh (Bengali[18]), Thailand[18] (Mon, Thai), China (Shanghai[18]), United States[18] (Hispanic)
          • W3a1-T199C
            • W3a1c - England,[18] United States,[18] Slovakia,[18] Russia (Ryazan Oblast,[18] Tambov Oblast,[18] Bashkortostan[18]), Kazakhstan,[18] China (Daur[18][35])
            • W3a1d – Hungarians,[36][37] Serbia,[38] Republika Srpska,[18] Latvia,[18] Poland,[18] Ukraine,[18] Russia (Ulyanovsk Oblast,[18] Yakuts[39][18]), New Zealand[18]
        • W3a2 – France (Seine-Maritime[18]), Poland,[18] India,[40][18] Uygurs from China[18]
      • W3b – Italy (Calabria[41]), Albania,[18] Serbia,[18] Romania (Bucharest[18]), Bulgarians,[18][42] Turkey,[18] Iraq[18] (Assyrian[43]), Iran,[18] Armenians,[44] Kurds, Tajiks (especially Wakhis and other Pamiris), Pakistan (Burusho, Kho, Makrani), Cambodia,[45] Uyghurs[18]
        • W3b1 – Austrians, Ashkenazi Jews[46]
    • W4 - Denmark,[47] Poland,[48] Italy (Sardinia,[18] Umbria[49]), Pakistan (Sindhis[18]), India (Jammu and Kashmir[18][50]), Mongolia,[18][51] United Kingdom (ancient Orkney[52])
      • W4a - England (St Mary Spital, pre-Black Death medieval London, ca. 725 years before present[53]), Ukraine (Russian speaker from Kharkiv Oblast[18]), India,[18] China (Xinjiang ca. 1412 - 1529 years before present[18])
        • W4a1 – Finns,[54] Sweden (Dalarna County[18]), Poland (Mazowieckie[18]), Turkey,[18] England,[18] United States[18]
      • W4b - Italy,[18] Mongolia[18]
      • W4c - Italy,[18] Poland,[18] India[18]
      • W4d - Albania,[18] Turkey (Kurds[18][55]), Iraq (Baghdad[18]), Iran (Lorestan[56]), Pakistan (Kho[57])
    • W5 - Denmark,[58][18] Poland,[59][18] Serbia,[60][18] Algeria[18] (Batna[61]), Morocco (Berber[62]), Iran (Persian[63]), United States[64][18]
      • W5a - Germany,[18] Denmark[65][18]
        • W5a1
          • W5a1a – Flemish people, Norway (Rogaland[18]), Denmark,[18] Italy (Tuscany[18][66]), Canary Islands,[67] Brazil,[18] Irish people, Polish people,[68][18] Russia (Belgorod Oblast[18][69]), Canada,[18] United States[18]
            • W5a1a1 - England,[18] Estonia,[18] Russia (Adyghe in Kabardino-Balkaria[18])
              • W5a1a1a
        • W5a2 - United Kingdom,[18] Denmark,[18] Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia[18]), Poland[18]
          • W5a2b
      • W5b - Portugal (Azores,[18] Leiria[18])
        • W5b1 - Denmark[18]
          • W5b1a
    • W6 – Italy, Kuwait,[70] Persians[71] from Iran, Russia (North Ossetia,[72] Belgorod Oblast), Kazakhstan, Mongolia
      • W6a
      • W6b
        • W6b1 – Iran,[73] United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia
      • W6c – Greece, England, Ireland, Ingushetia
        • W6c1 – Armenians from Turkey
          • W6c1a – Armenians from Turkey,[74] Kurds,[75] Greece
    • W7 – Armenians[34]
    • W8 – Bedouin of Israel, Yemen, Iran
    • W9
      • W9a – Armenians from Turkey[76]