Jincheng

Jincheng is a prefecture-level city situated in the southeast of Shanxi province, China. It shares its border with Henan province to the south and southeast. The city is recognized as an industrial hub, with coal mining being one of its key industries.[3] The population of the entire city is estimated to be 2.2 million.[4]

Jincheng
晋城市
Tsincheng
The Tower of Rivers and Mountains overlooking the House of the Huangcheng Chancellor
Location of Jincheng City jurisdiction in Shanxi
Location of Jincheng City jurisdiction in Shanxi
Jincheng is located in Shanxi
Jincheng
Jincheng
Location of the city center in Shanxi
Coordinates (Jincheng municipal government): 35°29′28″N 112°51′07″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShanxi
County-level divisions6
Municipal seatChengqu
Government
  TypePrefecture-level city
  CPC Jincheng SecretaryZhang Jiuping (张九萍)
  MayorWang Qingxian (王清宪)
Area
  Prefecture-level city9,490 km2 (3,660 sq mi)
  Urban143.00 km2 (55.21 sq mi)
  Districts[1]2,164.0 km2 (835.5 sq mi)
Population
  Prefecture-level city2,279,151
  Density240/km2 (620/sq mi)
  Urban493,000
  Urban density3,400/km2 (8,900/sq mi)
  Districts[1]
1,067,000
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
048000
Area code0356
ISO 3166 codeCN-SX-05
Licence plates晋E
Administrative division code140500
Websitewww.JCOnline.cn
Jincheng
Simplified Chinese晋城
Traditional Chinese晉城
Literal meaningJin City

Due to the extensive coal industry in the region, Jincheng has gained notoriety for air pollution. However, the local government has recently made significant investments to address this issue. Efforts have been made to enhance the air quality in the city, such as tree planting, developing and maintaining vast parks and ecological reserves, shutting down or relocating some of the most polluting factories, and promoting the use of coalbed methane, which is a cleaner fuel source than coal.[5]

History

Jincheng has a rich history dating back to the Warring States period. During this time, the land of Jinguo was divided and settled by Zhao, Wei, and Han. Later, the Late Jin monarch was settled in Qinshui County of Jincheng. The famous battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao took place in Gaoping City of Jincheng towards the end of the Warring States period. After the first emperor of Qin unified the six countries, China was divided into 36 shires, and most of Jincheng and Southeast Shanxi belonged to Shangdang Shire. Throughout the Han and Wei dynasties, Jincheng remained a part of Shangdang Shire and Pingyang Shire.

During the Sixteen States period, West Yan Murong Yong established Jianxing Shire in the southern region of Shangdang Shire, which marked the beginning of Jincheng becoming a Shire. Subsequently, the name of Jianxing Shire was changed several times, first to Jianzhou during the Northern Wei dynasty, then to Zezhou during the Sui dynasty, and finally, it was upgraded to Zezhoufu during the Qing dynasty. These administrative changes were essentially consistent with the five counties under the jurisdiction of Jincheng today. It was not until the Republic of China period that Yuan Shikai issued a policy to transform all Chinese states into counties.

Economy

Jincheng boasts abundant mineral resources, particularly coal. Coal-beds cover more than 56% of the total area, predominantly comprising anthracite, a high-quality coal with minimal impurities. The anthracite reserves in Jincheng account for over a quarter of China's total and half of Shanxi province's total. In addition, Jincheng has a substantial coal mine methane field, discovered in Qinshui county in 2001.[6] The production of both anthracite and coal mine methane is mainly carried out by Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group.

Apart from its coal-related industries, Jincheng also houses a significant Foxconn manufacturing campus that produces fiber optic parts, with an annual output value of over 3 billion RMB.[7]

Geography

Jincheng is situated in the southeastern corner of Shanxi province, covering an area of 9,490 square kilometers. It has 188,920 hectares of arable land.[6]

Transportation

Jincheng is accessible via China National Highway 207 and the Taiyuan–Jiaozuo Railway. However, it does not have a commercial airport, with the nearest ones located in nearby cities such as Zhengzhou, Changzhi, and Luoyang.[8]

Climate

Jincheng has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa),[9] with cold and very dry winters, and hot, humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −2.2 °C (28.0 °F) in January to 24.2 °C (75.6 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 11.83 °C (53.3 °F). Typifying the influence of the East Asian Monsoon, over two-thirds of the annual 576 millimetres (22.7 in) of precipitation occurs from June to September.

Climate data for Jincheng (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.1
(66.4)
24.2
(75.6)
28.2
(82.8)
36.9
(98.4)
36.5
(97.7)
38.6
(101.5)
38.6
(101.5)
35.8
(96.4)
36.6
(97.9)
32.6
(90.7)
26.6
(79.9)
18.7
(65.7)
38.6
(101.5)
Average high °C (°F) 4.0
(39.2)
7.4
(45.3)
13.3
(55.9)
20.2
(68.4)
25.1
(77.2)
28.8
(83.8)
29.5
(85.1)
28.1
(82.6)
24.0
(75.2)
18.6
(65.5)
11.8
(53.2)
5.7
(42.3)
18.0
(64.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.9
(28.6)
1.3
(34.3)
6.9
(44.4)
13.5
(56.3)
18.9
(66.0)
23.0
(73.4)
24.5
(76.1)
23.1
(73.6)
18.6
(65.5)
12.7
(54.9)
5.9
(42.6)
0.0
(32.0)
12.2
(54.0)
Average low °C (°F) −6.4
(20.5)
−3.3
(26.1)
1.7
(35.1)
7.8
(46.0)
13.2
(55.8)
17.7
(63.9)
20.5
(68.9)
19.4
(66.9)
14.4
(57.9)
8.0
(46.4)
1.3
(34.3)
−4.4
(24.1)
7.5
(45.5)
Record low °C (°F) −17.4
(0.7)
−17.4
(0.7)
−10.1
(13.8)
−3.6
(25.5)
2.9
(37.2)
10.1
(50.2)
13.5
(56.3)
11.0
(51.8)
4.4
(39.9)
−3.6
(25.5)
−12.6
(9.3)
−16.6
(2.1)
−17.4
(0.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 9.0
(0.35)
12.4
(0.49)
16.5
(0.65)
36.7
(1.44)
49.0
(1.93)
67.9
(2.67)
136.6
(5.38)
120.7
(4.75)
71.4
(2.81)
36.4
(1.43)
20.6
(0.81)
5.6
(0.22)
582.8
(22.93)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 4.0 4.5 5.3 6.3 7.6 8.9 12.4 11.6 10.0 7.0 5.0 3.4 86
Average snowy days 5.0 4.9 2.7 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 2.0 4.0 19.1
Average relative humidity (%) 52 55 52 54 55 60 74 76 71 64 58 51 60
Mean monthly sunshine hours 169.4 168.2 201.2 228.9 246.6 226.6 201.5 194.8 166.8 176.2 169.8 175.9 2,325.9
Percent possible sunshine 54 54 54 58 57 52 46 47 45 51 56 58 53
Source: China Meteorological Administration[10][11]

Administrative divisions

Map
Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population
(2003 est.)
Area (km2) Density (/km2)
Cheng District 城区 Chéngqū 280,000 141 1,986
Gaoping City 高平市 Gāopíng Shì 480,000 946 507
Zezhou County 泽州县 Zézhōu Xiàn 510,000 2,023 252
Qinshui County 沁水县 Qìnshuǐ Xiàn 210,000 2,655 79
Yangcheng County 阳城县 Yángchéng Xiàn 390,000 1,968 198
Lingchuan County 陵川县 Língchuān Xiàn 250,000 1,751 143

Footnotes

  1. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 46. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  2. 晋城市第六次人口普查结果公布. 晋城在线 [Jincheng Online] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2012.
  3. 晋城主要资源 [Jincheng primary natural resources]. Jincheng Online. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-06-14.
  4. 晋城概述. Jincheng Online. Archived from the original on 2007-06-08. Retrieved 2007-06-14.
  5. Sun Ruisheng; He Dan (2012-11-09). "Jincheng: The coal city that's turning green". China Daily. p. 20. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  6. "Jincheng". 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  7. "Foxconn to help China's Jincheng with industrial development". Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  8. "The Public information Network of Jincheng Government". Archived from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  9. Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633-1644, doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007, 2007.
  10. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  11. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
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