Koraga language

Koraga (also rendered Koragar, Koragara, Korangi) is a Dravidian language spoken by the Koraga people, a Scheduled tribe people of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, and Kerala in South West India. The dialect spoken by the Koraga tribe in Kerala, Mudu Koraga, is divergent enough to not be intelligible with Korra Koraga.[2]

Koraga
ಕೊರಗ
Native toIndia
EthnicityKoraga
Native speakers
45-50 (2018)[1]
Dravidian
  • Southern Dravidian
    • Tulu languages
      • Koraga
Kannada script, Malayalam script
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
kfd – Korra Koraga
vmd – Mudu Koraga
Glottologkora1289

Classification

Koraga is a member of the Dravidian family of languages.[3][4] It is further classified into the Southern Dravidian family. Koraga is a spoken language and generally not written, whenever it is written it makes use of Kannada script. Koraga people are generally conversant in Tulu[5] and Kannada languages and hence use those languages as a medium for producing literature.

Dialects

According to Bhat, there are 4 dialects:[2]

All the speakers who speak Mudu dialect are bilingual with Kannada language and all speaking onti dialect are bilingual with Tulu language.[2] This has resulted a strong influence of Kannada on Mudu koraga and also similar influence of Tulu is seen on onti koraga dialect.[6] Majority of negative forms of onti koraga language are borrowed from Tulu language.[7]

Phonology

Vowels
Vowels[8]
Front Central Back
short long short long short long
High i iː ɨ u uː
Mid e eː o oː
Low a aː

Consonants
Consonants[8]
Bilabial Dental/
Alveolar		 Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop voiceless p t ʈ c k
voiced b d ɖ ɟ g
Fricative s
Approximant ʋ l j
Rhotic r

References
  1. "Gondi, Walmiki, Malhar, Korga: Mother tongues India risks losing". Hindustan Times. 4 May 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  2. Bhat (1971), p. 2.
  3. Fairservis, Walter Ashlin (1997). The Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. Asian Studies. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 16. ISBN 978-90-04-09066-8.
  4. Stassen, Leon (1997). Intransitive Predication. Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory. Oxford University Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-19-925893-2.
  5. Bhat (1971), p. 4.
  6. Bhat (1971), pp. 2, 4.
  7. Bhat (1971), p. 45.
  8. Krishnamurti (2003), p. 68.

Bibliography
  • Bhat, D. N. Shankara (1971). The Koraga Language. Pune: Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute.
  • Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian Languages. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77111-5.


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