Lanoh people

The Lanoh are a group classified as "Orang Asli" ("original people") of the Semang branch by the government of Malaysia. They live in the Malay Peninsula and number around 390.[1] They are also known as Sabub'n or Lano. However, the Lanoh community in Gerik and Lenggong, Perak would identify to themselves as Menik Semnam (meaning "Semnam people" or "Orang Semnam" in Malay language), a name that refers to the Lanoh people that lived at the Semnam River. Whereas the Malay community in Upper Perak would refer the Lanoh people as Sakai Jeram.[2]

Lanoh people
Lano / Sabub'n / Menik Semnam / Orang Lanoh / Sakai Jeram
Total population
390 (2010)[1]
Regions with significant populations
 Malaysia (Perak)
Languages
Lanoh (Semnam, Sabüm), Malay
Religion
Traditional religion
Related ethnic groups
Semang (Batek people, Jahai people), Negritos (Maniq people, Philippine Negritos, Andamanese)

Demography

Al present, there 390 Lanoh people living in Malaysia. The majority of Lanoh live in the jungle as hunter-gatherer, but other Lanoh reside in urban areas where they are engaged in employment, largely on tapping rubber[3] and oil palm estates.[4] During the British Malaya, the Lanoh people were also regularly employed by British administrative officers as jungle rangers and porters, which suits to the lifestyle of the Lanoh people living in the jungle.[3] Traditionally, the Lanoh people boil ketum roots and drink it to treat diabetes, and boiling Ataulfo (mango) roots to reduce high-blood pressure.[5]

The population dynamics of the Lanoh people are as the following:-

Year 1960[6] 1965[6] 1969[6] 1974[6] 1980[6] 1993[7] 1996[6] 2000[8] 2003[8] 2004[9] 2010[1]
Population 142 142 264 302 224 359 359 173 350 350 390

Culture

The Lanoh were once nomadic; a lifestyle that carried into open marriage practices where one man would marry a woman and have children, and then move on to another place and marry another woman and have children and continues to do so as they move from place to place.[10] Lanoh women are also known to practice polyandry, a practice that is not much known to other Semang groups.[11] But many of them now live in permanent villages in the Hulu Perak district of Perak State, near the Kelantan borders.[12]

Following European contact, the Lanoh were hunter-gatherers using caves, many within the state of Perak, as shelters during hunting trips. Approximately 100 years ago, they made charcoal drawings[13] on the walls of caves.[14]

The Lanoh believe that all living things, both plants and animals have their own spirit to a point where certain of these animals are considered poisonous and inedible, fearing of its negative effect.[15] They believe people should be linked symbiotically with the other animals and plants. The belief in the spirits of living beings to make them afraid of the spirits of dead people (especially their ancestors) and of the spirits of the game animals.[16]

In fact, there is a custom that is an unwritten law in the village that all animals that are caught in the jungle should not suffer any pain.[16] The Lanoh and Temiar people utilize animals for dietary, medicine and for folktales.[15]

See also

References
  1. Kirk Endicott (2015). Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli. NUS Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-99-716-9861-4.
  2. Hamid Mohd Isa (2015). The Last Descendants of The Lanoh Hunter and Gatherers in Malaysia. Penerbit USM. ISBN 978-98-386-1948-6.
  3. Csilla Dallos (2011). From Equality to Inequality: Social Change Among Newly Sedentary Lanoh Hunter-Gatherer Traders of Peninsular Malaysia. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-144-2661-71-4.
  4. Main Rindam & Fatan Hamamah Yahaya (2014). "Analisis SWOT(C) prospek pembangunan ekotourism di petempatan Orang Asli Lanoh, Perak" (PDF). Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. GEOGRAFIA Online Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. ISSN 2180-2491. Retrieved 2016-11-11.
  5. K Pragalath (15 July 2013). "Don't take away our bank, supermarket". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 2016-11-11.
  6. Nobuta Toshihiro (2009). "Living On The Periphery: Development and Islamization Among Orang Asli in Malaysia" (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  7. Colin Nicholas (2000). The Orang Asli and the Contest for Resources. Indigenous Politics, Development and Identity in Peninsular Malaysia (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns & International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. ISBN 978-87-90730-15-4. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  8. "Basic Data / Statistics". Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  9. Alberto Gomes (2004). Modernity and Malaysia: Settling the Menraq Forest Nomads. Routledge. ISBN 978-11-341-0076-7.
  10. Joám Evans Pim, ed. (2010). "Nonkilling Societies" (PDF). Center for Global Nonkilling. p. 142. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  11. Kathrine E. Starkweather (30 July 2010). "Exploration into Human Polyandry: An Evolutionary Examination of the Non-Classical Cases". University of Nebraska - Lincoln. pp. 67–68. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  12. Salma Nasution Khoo & Abdur-Razzaq Lubis (2005). Negritos of Malaya. Areca Books. ISBN 983-4211-30-9.
  13. Ivor H Evan (2012). The Last Descendants of The Lanoh Hunter and Gatherers in Malaysia. Routledge. ISBN 978-113-6262-15-9.
  14. Hamid Mohd Isa (2015). The Last Descendants of The Lanoh Hunter and Gatherers in Malaysia. Penerbit USM. ISBN 978-983-8619-48-6.
  15. Fatan Hamamah Yahaya (2015). "The Usage Of Animals In The Lives Of The Lanoh And Temiar Tribes Of Lenggong, Perak" (PDF). EDP Sciences. p. 4. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  16. Insight (1993). Malaysia. APA Publications. p. 86. ISBN 03-956-6237-0.
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