List of production battery electric vehicles

This is a list of battery electric vehicles that are mass-produced, formerly produced, and planned. It includes only vehicles exclusively using chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, with no secondary source of propulsion (e.g., hydrogen fuel cell, internal combustion engine, etc.).

Tesla Model 3 is the best-selling battery electric automobile in the world since early 2020.[1]
Tesla Model Y is the first ever electric vehicle to become the world's best-selling car in the first quarter of 2023, outselling the Toyota Corolla.[2]

Production models

Highway-capable automobiles

Highway-capable battery electric automobiles capable of 100 km/h (62 mph) highway speed:

Outside the Chinese market

Production highway-capable battery electric automobiles originating outside the Chinese market, both dedicated battery electric vehicles (without an ICE-powered counterpart sharing the same body) or non-dedicated battery electric vehicles (based on an ICE-powered vehicle):

Model Calendar year
produced
Body style Platform Dedicated battery
electric vehicle?[nb 1]
Manufacturer Marque origin
Aspark Owl 2021 Coupé Yes Aspark Japan
Audi e-tron GT 2021 Sedan J1[3] Yes Audi Germany
Audi Q4 e-tron 2021 Crossover SUV MEB[4] Yes Audi Germany
Audi Q8 e-tron 2018 Crossover SUV MLB evo[5] Yes Audi Germany
BMW i4 2021 Liftback CLAR[6] No BMW Germany
BMW i5 2023 Sedan CLAR No BMW Germany
BMW i7 2022 Sedan CLAR No BMW Germany
BMW iX 2021 Crossover SUV iX[7] Yes BMW Germany
BMW iX1 2022 Crossover SUV UKL2 No BMW Germany
BMW iX3 2020 Crossover SUV CLAR[8] No BMW Germany
BrightDrop Zevo 2022 Van BT1 Yes General Motors United States
Cadillac Lyriq 2022 Crossover SUV BEV3[9] Yes General Motors United States
Chevrolet Blazer EV 2023 Crossover SUV BEV3 Yes General Motors United States
Chevrolet Bolt EUV 2021 Crossover SUV BEV2[10] Yes General Motors United States
Chevrolet Bolt EV 2016 Hatchback BEV2[10] Yes General Motors United States
Chevrolet Silverado EV 2023 Pickup truck BT1 Yes General Motors United States
Citroën e-Berlingo 2021 Van EMP2 No Stellantis France
Citroën ë-C3 2023 Hatchback No Stellantis France
Citroën ë-C4 2021 Crossover SUV and fastback eCMP No Stellantis France
Citroën ë-Jumper/Relay 2021 Van No Stellantis France
Citroën ë-Jumpy/Dispatch/SpaceTourer 2021 Van EMP2 No Stellantis France
Cupra Born 2021 Hatchback MEB Yes SEAT Spain
Dacia Spring Electric 2021 Hatchback CMFA-EV[11] No Dacia/Renault Romania
DS 3 Crossback E-Tense 2019 Crossover SUV eCMP No Stellantis France
Fiat e-Ducato 2021 Van No Stellantis Italy
Fiat e-Scudo/e-Ulysse 2022 Van EMP2 No Stellantis Italy
Fiat New 500 2020 Hatchback Yes Stellantis Italy
Fisker Ocean 2022 Crossover SUV Yes Fisker Inc. United States
Ford E-Transit 2021 Van No Ford United States
Ford F-150 Lightning 2022 Pickup truck No Ford United States
Ford Mustang Mach-E 2020 Crossover SUV GE1[12] Yes Ford United States
Genesis Electrified G80 2021 Sedan M3 No Genesis Motor South Korea
Genesis Electrified GV70 2022 Crossover SUV M3 No Genesis Motor South Korea
Genesis GV60 2021 Crossover SUV E-GMP[13] Yes Genesis Motor South Korea
GMC Hummer EV 2022 Pickup truck and SUV BT1[14] Yes General Motors United States
Honda e 2020 Hatchback Yes Honda Japan
Honda e:Ny1 2023 Crossover SUV Yes Honda Japan
Hyundai Ioniq 5 2021 Crossover SUV E-GMP[15] Yes Hyundai South Korea
Hyundai Ioniq 6 2022 Sedan E-GMP Yes Hyundai South Korea
Hyundai Kona Electric 2019 Crossover SUV No Hyundai South Korea
Hyundai Porter2 Electric 2019 Pickup truck No Hyundai South Korea
Jaguar I-Pace 2018 Crossover SUV D7e[16] Yes Jaguar Land Rover United Kingdom
Jeep Avenger 2023 Crossover SUV STLA Small Yes Stellantis United States
Kia Bongo EV 2020 Pickup truck No Kia South Korea
Kia EV6 2021 Crossover SUV E-GMP[17] Yes Kia South Korea
Kia EV9 2023 Crossover SUV E-GMP Yes Kia South Korea
Kia Niro EV/e-Niro 2018 Crossover SUV No Kia South Korea
Kia Ray EV 2012 MPV/minivan No Kia South Korea
Kia Soul EV 2014 Crossover SUV No Kia South Korea
Lexus RZ 2022 Crossover SUV e-TNGA Yes Toyota Japan
Lexus UX 300e 2020 Crossover SUV TNGA: GA-C[18] No Toyota Japan
Lotus Eletre 2023 Crossover SUV EPA[19] Yes Lotus Cars United Kingdom
Lotus Evija 2023 Coupé Extreme[20] Yes Lotus Cars United Kingdom
Lucid Air 2021 Sedan Yes Lucid Motors United States
Mahindra XUV400 2022 Crossover SUV No Mahindra India
Maserati Grecale Folgore 2023 Crossover SUV FCA Giorgio Yes Stellantis Italy
Maserati GranTurismo Folgore 2023 Coupé Giorgio Sport Yes Stellantis Italy
Mazda MX-30 2020 Crossover SUV e-Skyactiv No Mazda Japan
Mercedes-Benz EQA 2021 Crossover SUV MFA2 No Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQB 2021 Crossover SUV MFA2 No Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQC 2021 Crossover SUV MRA Yes Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQE 2022 Sedan EVA Yes Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV 2022 Crossover SUV EVA Yes Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQS 2021 Liftback MEA Yes Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQS SUV 2022 Crossover SUV MEA Yes Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mercedes-Benz EQV 2020 MPV/minivan No Mercedes-Benz Group Germany
Mini Electric/Cooper SE 2020 Hatchback No Mini/BMW United Kingdom
Mitsubishi eK X EV 2022 Hatchback KEI-EV No NMKV Japan
Mitsubishi Minicab MiEV 2011 Van No Mitsubishi Motors Japan
Nissan Ariya 2021 Crossover SUV CMF-EV Yes Nissan Japan
Nissan Townstar EV 2021 Van CMF-CD No Nissan (produced by Renault) Japan
Nissan Leaf 2010 Hatchback Yes Nissan Japan
Nissan Sakura 2022 Hatchback KEI-EV Yes NMKV Japan
Opel/Vauxhall Combo-e 2021 Van EMP2 No Stellantis Germany/United Kingdom
Opel/Vauxhall Corsa Electric 2019 Hatchback eCMP[21] No Stellantis Germany/United Kingdom
Opel/Vauxhall Mokka-e 2020 Crossover SUV eCMP No Stellantis Germany/United Kingdom
Opel/Vauxhall Movano-e 2021 Van No Stellantis Germany/United Kingdom
Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro/Zafira-e 2021 Van EMP2 No Stellantis Germany/United Kingdom
Peugeot e-208 2019 Hatchback eCMP No Stellantis France
Peugeot e-2008 2020 Crossover SUV eCMP No Stellantis France
Peugeot e-308/e-308 SW 2022 Hatchback and station wagon EMP2 V3 No Stellantis France
Peugeot e-Boxer 2021 Van No Stellantis France
Peugeot e-Expert/e-Traveller 2021 Van EMP2 No Stellantis France
Peugeot e-Rifter 2021 Van EMP2 No Stellantis France
Pininfarina Battista 2022 Coupé Yes Automobili Pininfarina Germany/Italy
Polestar 2 2020 Liftback CMA Yes Volvo Cars Sweden
Porsche Taycan 2019 Sedan and shooting brake J1 Yes Porsche Germany
Renault Kangoo E-Tech Electric 2021 Van CMF-CD No Renault France
Renault Master Z.E./E-Tech Electric 2018 Van No Renault France
Renault Megane E-Tech Electric 2022 Crossover SUV CMF-EV Yes Renault France
Renault Twingo Z.E. 2020 Hatchback No Renault France
Renault Zoe 2012 Hatchback Yes Renault France
Rimac Nevera 2021 Coupé Yes Rimac Automobili Croatia
Rivian EDV 2021 Van Yes Rivian United States
Rivian R1S 2022 SUV Yes Rivian United States
Rivian R1T 2021 Pickup truck Yes Rivian United States
Škoda Enyaq 2020 Crossover SUV MEB[22] Yes Škoda Auto Czech Republic
Smart #1 2022 Crossover SUV SEA[23] Yes Smart Automobile (produced by Geely) Germany
Smart EQ fortwo 2017 Hatchback No Smart Automobile Germany
SsangYong Korando e-Motion 2022 Crossover SUV No KG Mobility South Korea
Subaru Solterra 2022 Crossover SUV e-TNGA/e-SGP[24] Yes Subaru (produced by Toyota) Japan
Tata Nexon.ev 2020 Crossover SUV No Tata Motors Cars India
Tata Tiago.ev 2022 Hatchback No Tata Motors Cars India
Tata Tigor EV 2022 Sedan No Tata Motors Cars India
Tesla Model 3 2017 Sedan Model 3 Yes Tesla, Inc. United States
Tesla Model S 2012 Liftback Model S Yes Tesla, Inc. United States
Tesla Model X 2015 Crossover SUV Model S[25] Yes Tesla, Inc. United States
Tesla Model Y 2020 Crossover SUV Model 3[26] Yes Tesla, Inc. United States
Togg T10X 2022 Crossover SUV Yes Togg Turkey
Toyota bZ4X 2022 Crossover SUV e-TNGA[27] Yes Toyota Japan
Toyota Proace City Electric 2021 Van EMP2 No Toyota (produced by Stellantis) Japan
Toyota Proace Electric 2021 Van EMP2 No Toyota (produced by Stellantis) Japan
VinFast VF e34 2021 Crossover SUV Yes VinFast Vietnam
VinFast VF 5 2023 Crossover SUV Yes VinFast Vietnam
VinFast VF 8 2022 Crossover SUV Yes VinFast Vietnam
VinFast VF 9 2023 Crossover SUV Yes VinFast Vietnam
Volkswagen e-Crafter 2018 Van No Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen e-Up! 2013 Hatchback NSF[28] No Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen ID.3 2020 Hatchback MEB Yes Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen ID.4 2020 Crossover SUV MEB Yes Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen ID.5 2022 Crossover SUV MEB Yes Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen ID.7 2023 Sedan MEB Yes Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen ID. Buzz 2022 MPV/minivan MEB Yes Volkswagen Germany
Volvo C40 Recharge 2021 Crossover SUV CMA No Volvo Cars Sweden
Volvo XC40 Recharge 2020 Crossover SUV CMA No Volvo Cars Sweden

Chinese-market origin

Wuling Hongguang Mini EV is the best-selling electric car in China.[29]

Current production highway-capable battery electric automobiles originating within the Chinese market, including vehicles produced by Chinese manufacturers for domestic market and export markets, and vehicles developed by foreign manufacturers that are only offered in the Chinese market:

Model Calendar year
produced
Body style Manufacturer Marque origin
Aion Hyper GT 2023 Sedan GAC Group China
Aion LX 2019 Crossover SUV GAC Group China
Aion S 2019 Sedan GAC Group China
Aion V 2020 Crossover SUV GAC Group China
Aion Y 2021 Crossover SUV GAC Group Chna
Aiways U5 2019 Crossover SUV Aiways China
Aiways U6 2021 Crossover SUV Aiways China
Arcfox Lite 2017 Microcar hatchback BAIC Group China
Arcfox α-S 2021 Sedan BAIC Group China
Arcfox α-T 2020 Crossover SUV BAIC Group China
Audi Q2L e-Tron 2019 Crossover SUV Audi Germany
Audi Q5 e-tron 2021 Crossover SUV Audi Germany
Avatr 11 2022 Crossover SUV Changan Automobile China
Baojun E100 2017 Microcar hatchback SAIC-GM-Wuling China
Baojun E200/Wuling Nano EV 2018 Microcar hatchback SAIC-GM-Wuling China
Baojun E300/KiWi EV 2020 Microcar hatchback SAIC-GM-Wuling China
Baojun Yep 2023 Mini SUV SAIC-GM-Wuling China
Bestune E01 2021 Crossover SUV FAW Group China
Bestune NAT 2021 MPV/minivan FAW Group China
BJEV EC3 2016 Hatchback BAIC Group China
BJEV EC5/Senova X25 2019 Hatchback BAIC Group China
BJEV EU5/Beijing EU5 2018 Sedan BAIC Group China
BJEV EU7/Beijing EU7 2019 Sedan BAIC Group China
BMW i3 (G28) 2022 Sedan BMW Germany
Buick Electra E5 2022 Crossover SUV General Motors (SAIC-GM) United States
Buick Velite 6 2019 Station wagon General Motors (SAIC-GM) United States
BYD Atto 3/Yuan Plus 2022 Crossover SUV BYD Auto China
BYD Dolphin 2021 Hatchback BYD Auto China
BYD e1 2019 Hatchback BYD Auto China
BYD e2 2019 Hatchback BYD Auto China
BYD e3 2019 Sedan BYD Auto China
BYD e6 2011 MPV/minivan BYD Auto China
BYD Han 2020 Sedan BYD Auto China
BYD Qin 2012 Sedan BYD Auto China
BYD Seagull 2023 Hatchback BYD Auto China
BYD Seal 2022 Sedan BYD Auto China
BYD Song 2015 Crossover SUV BYD Auto China
BYD Song Max 2017 MPV/minivan BYD Auto China
BYD T3 2015 MPV/minivan BYD Auto China
BYD Tang 2015 Crossover SUV BYD Auto China
BYD Yuan 2019 Crossover SUV BYD Auto China
Changan BenBen EV/BenBen E-Star 2015 Hatchback Changan Automobile China
Changan CS15EV/CS15 E-Pro 2017 Crossover SUV Changan Automobile China
Changan CS55 EV 2020 Crossover SUV Changan Automobile China
Changan Ruixing EM80 Van Changan Automobile China
Chery Arrizo 5e 2017 Sedan Chery China
Chery eQ1 2016 Microcar hatchback Chery China
Chery eQ2 2018 Sedan Chery China
Chery eQ7 2023 Crossover SUV Chery China
Chery QQ Ice Cream 2021 Microcar hatchback Chery China
Chery Tiggo e 2019 Crossover SUV Chery China
Chery Wujie Pro 2022 Hatchback Chery China
Chevrolet Menlo 2020 Station wagon General Motors (SAIC-GM) United States
Ciimo M-NV 2021 Crossover SUV Dongfeng Honda China-Japan
Ciimo X-NV 2020 Crossover SUV Dongfeng Honda China-Japan
Comsove MINIQ 2023 Hatchback Comsove North Macedonia
Denza D9 2022 Minivan Denza China
Denza N8 2019 Crossover SUV Denza (produced by BYD) China
Dongfeng Aeolus EX1 2019 Hatchback Dongfeng Motor China
Dongfeng Aeolus Yixuan 2019 Sedan Dongfeng Motor China
Dongfeng EM13 2018 Van Dongfeng Motor China
Dongfeng Fengon E1 2019 Hatchback DFSK Motor China
Dongfeng Fengon E3/Seres E3 2019 Crossover SUV DFSK Motor China
Dongfeng Fengshen A60 EV/Aeolus E70 2015 Sedan Dongfeng Motor China
Dongfeng Fengxing T1 2019 Hatchback Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor China
Dongfeng Ruitaite EM10 Van Dongfeng Motor China
Dongfeng Sokon EC31/EC35/EC36 2018 Pickup truck and van DFSK Motor China
Enovate ME5 2021 Crossover SUV Enovate China
Enovate ME7 2019 Crossover SUV Enovate China
Everus VE-1 2019 Crossover SUV Guangqi Honda China-Japan
Farizon E5/E5L Van Farizon Auto China
Ford Territory EV 2019 Crossover SUV Ford (JMC-Ford) United States
Geely Emgrand EV Sedan Geely China
Geely Emgrand GSe 2018 Hatchback Geely China
Geometry A 2019 Sedan Geely China
Geometry C 2019 Crossover SUV Geely China
Geometry E 2022 Crossover SUV Geely China
Great Wall Wingle 7 EV 2018 Pickup truck Great Wall Motors China
Hengchi 5 2022[30] SUV Hengchi China
Higer H4E 2016 Van Higer China
HiPhi X 2020 Crossover SUV HiPhi China
HiPhi Y 2023 Crossover SUV HiPhi China
HiPhi Z 2022 Shooting brake HiPhi China
Honda e:NS1 2022 Crossover SUV Honda (Dongfeng Honda) Japan
Honda e:NP1 2022 Crossover SUV Honda (Guangqi Honda) Japan
Hongqi E-HS3 2018 Crossover SUV FAW Group China
Hongqi E-HS9 2020 Crossover SUV FAW Group China
Hongqi E-QM5 2022 Sedan FAW Group China
Hyundai Lafesta EV 2019 Sedan Hyundai South Korea
Hyundai Mistra EV 2021 Sedan Hyundai South Korea
IM L7 2022 Sedan IM Motors China
JAC iC5/E J7/Sehol E50A 2019 Sedan JAC Motors China
JAC iEV6E/Sehol E10X 2021 Hatchback JAC Motors China
JAC iEV7S/Sehol E20X 2017 Crossover SUV JAC Motors China
JAC iEVA50 2018 Sedan JAC Motors China
JAC iEVS4 2019 Crossover SUV JAC Motors China
JAC J3 EV 2020 Crossover SUV JAC Motors China
Jetour X70S EV 2019 Crossover SUV Chery Automobile China
Kandi K23 Hatchback Kandi China
Kandi K27 Hatchback Kandi China
Kia K3 EV 2021 Sedan Kia South Korea
Leapmotor C11 2020 Crossover SUV Leapmotor China
Leapmotor S01 2019 Coupé Leapmotor China
Leapmotor T03 2020 Hatchback Leapmotor China
Maple 30X/Geometry EX3 2020 Crossover SUV Geely Auto China
Maple 80V 2020 MPV/minivan Geely Auto China
Maxus EG10 2016 MPV/minivan SAIC Motor China
Maxus Euniq 5 2019 MPV/minivan SAIC Motor China
Maxus Euniq 6 2021 Crossover SUV SAIC Motor China
Maxus Mifa 9 2021 Minivan/MPV SAIC Motor China
Maxus T90 EV 2021 Pickup truck SAIC Motor China
Mazda CX-30 EV 2021 Crossover SUV Mazda Japan
MG4 EV 2022 Hatchback SAIC Motor China
MG ZS EV 2018 Crossover SUV SAIC Motor China
Mitsubishi Airtrek 2022 Crossover SUV GAC Mitsubishi Japan
Modern IN 2021 Crossover SUV Beijing Automobile Works China
NAC Chang Da H9 2017 Van Nanjing Automobile-SAIC Motor China
Neta Aya 2020 Crossover SUV Hozon Auto China
Neta GT 2023 Coupé Hozon Auto China
Neta U 2020 Crossover SUV Hozon Auto China
Neta S 2021 Sedan Hozon Auto China
Nio EC6 2020 Crossover SUV Nio China
Nio EC7 2023 Crossover SUV Nio China
Nio EP9 2016 Coupé Nio China
Nio ES6 2019 Crossover SUV Nio China
Nio ES7 2022 Crossover SUV Nio China
Nio ES8 2018 Crossover SUV Nio China
Nio ET5 2021 Sedan Nio China
Nio ET7 2021 Sedan Nio China
Nissan Sylphy Z.E. 2018 Sedan Nissan Japan
Ora Ballet Cat 2022 Hatchback Great Wall Motor China
Ora Cherry Cat 2022 Crossover SUV Great Wall Motor China
Ora Good Cat/Funky Cat 2020 Hatchback Great Wall Motor China
Ora Lightning Cat/Next Cat/Grand Cat 2022 Sedan Great Wall Motor China
Oushang A600 EV 2019 MPV/minivan Changan Automobile China
Qiantu K50 2017 Coupé Qiantu Motor China
Radar RD6 2022 Pickup truck Geely China
Renault City K-ZE 2019 Hatchback Renault France
Roewe Clever 2020 Microcar hatchback SAIC Motor China
Roewe Ei5/MG 5 EV/MG EP 2017 Station wagon SAIC Motor China
Roewe Ei6 2016 Sedan SAIC Motor China
Roewe Ei6 Max 2020 Sedan SAIC Motor China
Roewe ER6 2020 Sedan SAIC Motor China
Roewe ERX5 2019 Crossover SUV SAIC Motor China
Roewe Marvel R 2018 Crossover SUV SAIC Motor China
Roewe/MG Marvel X 2020 Crossover SUV SAIC Motor China
Sehol E20X 2018 Hatchback JAC Motors China
Sehol X4 2020 Crossover SUV JAC Motors China
Shenlan S7 2023 Crossover SUV Changan Automobile China
Shenlan SL03 2022 Sedan Changan Automobile China
Singulato iS6 2019 Crossover SUV Singulato China
SRM Shineray X30LEV 2018 Van Shineray Group China
Toyota C-HR EV 2020 Crossover SUV GAC Toyota China-Japan
Toyota IZOA EV 2020 Crossover SUV FAW Toyota China-Japan
Toyota bZ3 2023 Sedan FAW Toyota China-Japan
Trumpchi GE3 2017 Crossover SUV GAC Group China
Trumpchi GS4 EV 2016 Crossover SUV GAC Group China
Volkswagen e-Lavida 2019 Sedan Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen ID.6 2021 Crossover SUV Volkswagen Germany
Weltmeister E5 2021 Sedan Weltmeister China
Weltmeister EX5 2018 Crossover SUV Weltmeister China
Weltmeister EX6 2020 Crossover SUV Weltmeister China
Weltmeister W6 2021 Crossover SUV Weltmeister China
Wuling Air EV 2022 Microcar hatchback SAIC-GM-Wuling China
Wuling Hongguang Mini EV 2020 Microcar hatchback SAIC-GM-Wuling China
Xiaohu FEV 2021 Hatchback Henrey Automobile China
XPeng G3/Identity X 2018 Crossover SUV XPeng China
XPeng G6 2023 Crossover SUV XPeng China
XPeng G9 2022 Crossover SUV XPeng China
XPeng P5 2021 Sedan XPeng China
XPeng P7 2020 Sedan XPeng China
Yangwang U8 2023 SUV BYD Auto China
Yangwang U9 2023 Coupé BYD Auto China
Zeekr 001 2021 Shooting brake Geely China
Zeekr 009 2022 MPV/Minivan Geely China
Zeekr X 2023 Crossover SUV Geely China

Non-highway capable automobiles

Battery electric automobiles not capable of 100 km/h (62 mph) highway speed:

Model Calendar year
produced
Manufacturer Marque origin
Aixam e-City/e-Coupe[31] 2017 Aixam France
Arcimoto FUV 2019 Arcimoto United States
Citroën Ami/Opel Rocks Electric/Fiat Topolino 2020 Stellantis France/Germany/Italy
Renault Twizy 2012 Renault France
Tazzari Zero 2009 Tazzari Group Italy
Toyota C+pod 2021 Toyota Japan
Toyota COMS 2000 Toyota Auto Body Japan
XEV Yoyo 2021 XEV Italian-Hong Kong

Former production models

Post-1995

Model Calendar
year
produced
Calendar
year
discontinued
Manufacturer Marque origin Notes
Azure Transit Connect Electric 2010 2012 Azure Dynamics and Ford United States Around 500 units were sold before Azure stopped production in March 2012.[32]
Besturn X40 EV400/EV460 2017 2021 FAW Group China
Bolloré Bluecar 2011 Véhicule Électriques Pininfarina Bolloré France Cumulative sales in France totaled 5,689 units by the end of September 2016.[33]
BMW i3 2013 2022 BMW Germany Global sales exceeded 220,000 throughout lifetime.
Buddy 2005 Buddy Electric Norway
Buick Velite 7 2020 2022 General Motors United States
BYD e5 2015 2020 BYD Auto China
Chery QQ3 EV 2010 2020 Chery China
Chery eQ 2014 2022 Chery China
Chery eQ5 2020 2023 Chery China
Chevrolet S-10 EV 1997 1998 General Motors United States S-10 with GM EV1 powertrain, over 100 produced and only about 60 sold to private owners.
Chevrolet Spark EV 2013 2016 General Motors United States The Spark EV was released in selected markets in California and Oregon in June 2013.[34] GM planned to sell the Spark in Canada, South Korea and select European markets.[35][36]
Chevrolet Volt 2010 2019 General Motors United States Battery EV with gas engine range extender
Chrysler TEVan/EPIC 1993 1999 Chrysler United States Sold primarily to electric utilities, only 56 were produced and were sold for approximately $120,000 each.
Citroën AX Électrique 1993 1996 PSA Group France 374 produced between December 1993 and 1996.[37]
Citroën Berlingo électrique 1998 2005 PSA Group France
Citroën Berlingo Electric (2010) 2010 2013 PSA Group France In 2016 worldwide sales were 491, with just 19 sold in the UK.[38]
Citroën C1 ev'ie 2009 2011 PSA Group France EV conversion produced by Electric Car Corporation.
Citroën C-Zero 2010 2020 PSA Group (produced by Mitsubishi Motors) France Similar to Mitsubishi i-MiEV.
Citroën E-Méhari 2016 2019 PSA Group and Bolloré France Approximately 1,000 cars were planned to be produced in collaboration with the French electric car producer Bolloré.[39]
Citroën Saxo Électrique 1997 2002 PSA Group France 6,400 produced with Peugeot 106.[40]
CityEl 1987 Citycom GmbH Denmark/Germany Three-wheeled EV, produced in Germany.
Coda Sedan 2012 2013 Coda Automotive United States Sales began in California in March 2012.
Denza EV/500 2014 2019 Denza China
Dynasty IT 2001 2007 Dynasty Electric Vehicles Canada A NEV produced in Canada and later sold to Karakoram Motors in Pakistan.
Elcat Electric Vehicles 1990 2002 ELCAT Finland
Fiat 500e 2013 2019 Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Italy U.S. sales totaled 27,211 units.[41]
Ford Focus Electric 2011 2018 Ford United States U.S. sales totaled 9,226 units.[42]
Ford Ranger EV 1998 2003 Ford United States Several hundred were produced for lease only, almost all were recovered and most destroyed.
Ford Think City 2000 2002 Ford United States
General Motors EV1 1996 2003 General Motors United States First generation (1996–1997) used VRLA batteries, second generation (1999–2003) used NiMH batteries.
GTA MyCar 2003 2017 EuAuto Technology/GreenTech Automotive Hong Kong A NEV designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro and produced by a Hong Kong company in China.
Honda Clarity Electric 2017 2019 Honda Japan
Honda EV Plus 1997 1999 Honda Japan About 300 produced.[43]
Honda Fit EV 2012 2014 Honda Japan Production was be limited to only 1,100 units over the first three years. Deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. began in July 2012 and availability is limited to California and Oregon.[44]
Hyundai Ioniq Electric 2016 2022 Hyundai South Korea
Leahead i1 2015 2016 GAC Toyota China-Japan
Lordstown Endurance 2022 2023 Lordstown Motors United States
Lumeneo Smera 2013 2013 Lumeneo France Highway speed-capable microcar. Sold 10 cars in 2013 before going bankrupt.[45]
Mahindra e2o 2013 2017 Mahindra Electric India
Mahindra e2o Plus 2016 2019 Mahindra & Mahindra India [46]
Mahindra eVerito 2016 2019 Mahindra & Mahindra India [47]
Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-Cell 2010 2010 Daimler AG Germany Developed with Tesla Motors. Limited production of 500 A-Class E-Cell electric cars was built, for trial purposes and lease to customers in Europe.[48]
Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive 2014 2019 Daimler AG Germany Production for retail customers began in April 2014.[49]
Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Electric Drive 2013 2013 Daimler AG Germany Fewer than 100 units were sold.[50]
Mercedes-Benz Vito E-Cell 2010 Daimler AG Germany
Mia 2011 2013 Mia Electric France
Miles XS500 Miles Electric Vehicles United States Production electric vehicle based on the Chery QQ.
Mitsubishi i-MiEV 2009 2021 Mitsubishi Motors Japan Was available in Asia, Europe and the Americas.[51] It was the first electric car to sell more than 10,000 units, including Citroën C-Zero and Peugeot iOn. According to Guinness World Records, the record was reached in February 2011.[52] Global sales totaled about 37,600 units through June 2016.[53]
Modec 2007 2011 Modec United Kingdom Electric delivery vans.
Neta N01 2018 2020 Hozon Auto China Over 18,000 units were sold.[54]
NEVS 9-3 EV 2017 2022 NEVS AB Sweden
Nissan Hypermini 1999 2001 Nissan Japan 219 produced.
Ora iQ 2018 2020 Great Wall Motor China 10,300 units were sold in the first full year of sales, 2019.[55]
Ora Black Cat 2019 2022 Great Wall Motor China [56]
Ora White Cat 2020 2022 Great Wall Motor China [56]
Opel Ampera-e 2017 2020 PSA Group (produced by GM) Germany
Peugeot 106 Électrique 1996 2003 PSA Group France Similar to Citroën Saxo
Peugeot iOn 2010 2020 PSA Group (produced by Mitsubishi Motors) France Similar to Mitsubishi i-MiEV.
Peugeot Partner Électrique 1998 2005 PSA Group France
Ranz E50 2015 2016 FAW Toyota China-Japan [57]
Renault Fluence Z.E./Renault Samsung SM3 Z.E. 2011 2020 Renault France Global sales totaled 10,600 units through December 2019, mostly composed of SM3 Z.E. units.[58]
REVA/REVAi/G-Wiz i 2001 2019 Reva Electric Car Company India Since 2001 more than 4,000 cars were sold worldwide by March 2011 and was available in 26 countries.[59][60] Sales in the UK, where it was sold as the G-Wiz and became its main market, ended by late 2011.[61]
Roewe E50 2012 2016 SAIC Motor China
SEAT e-Mii 2020 2021 SEAT Spain [62][63]
Škoda/Tatra Beta 1994 1997 Škoda ELCAR Ejpovice Czech Republic About 100 produced, using nickel-cadmium batteries[64][65]
Škoda Citigo iV 2019 2020 Škoda Auto Czech Republic [66][67] Similar to Volkswagen e-Up.
Smart ED 2007 2017 Daimler AG Germany Available for lease in the United States since early 2011. Originally converted by Zytek from 100 Smart Fortwos.
smart EQ forfour 2017 2021 Daimler AG Germany
Tesla Roadster (first generation) 2008 2012 Tesla Motors United States
The Kurrent 2006 2007 American Electric Motor Vehicle Company United States Neighborhood electric vehicle.
Think City 2008 2011 Think Global Norway Successor of the Ford Th!nk.
Toyota eQ/Scion iQ EV 2011 2013 Toyota Japan Deployed in limited quantities for research purposes.
Toyota RAV4 EV (1997) 1997 2003 Toyota Japan Leased and sold on US east and west coast. 1,484 were leased and/or sold in California.[68][69]
Toyota RAV4 EV (2012) 2012 2014 Toyota Japan Leased and sold only in California, from 2012 through 2015. 2,489 units were sold in the U.S. through April 2015.[70][71]
Volkswagen e-Golf 2014 2020 Volkswagen Germany [72]
Volvo C30 Electric 2010 2012 Volvo Cars Sweden
Venturi Fétish 2004 2007 Venturi Monaco Only 25 units have been produced.[73]
Wheego Whip LiFe 2011 2013 Shuanghuan Auto and Wheego Technologies China-United States Sales began in the U.S. in April 2011.[74] A total of 34 units had been sold by March 2012,[75] and 400 had been produced when production ended in 2013.
ZENN 2006 2010 ZENN Motor Company Canada Based on the Microcar MC2
Zinoro 1E 2013 BMW Brilliance China-Germany
Zinoro 60H 2017 2019 BMW Brilliance China-Germany
Zotye E200 2016 2020 Zotye China Sales ended in early 2020.[76]

Pre-1995

Model Calendar year produced Calendar year discontinued Manufacturer Marque origin Notes
AM General Jeep DJ-5E Electruck 1974 1974 AM General United States Sold to United States Postal Service and Canada Post.[77]
Baker Electric 1899 1914 Baker Motor Vehicle United States
CitiCar 1974 1977 Sebring-Vanguard United States Microcar, a total of 4,444 units were produced up to 1979.[78]
Detroit Electric 1907 1939 Anderson Electric Car Company United States Between 1907 and 1939 a total of 13,000 electric cars were built.[79]
Enfield 8000 1973 1973 Enfield Automotive United Kingdom 120 cars were built in total, of which 65 were used by the Electricity Council.[80]
Fiat Panda Elettra 1990 1998 Fiat Italy
Henney Kilowatt 1959 1960 Henney Motor Company United States
Scottish Aviation Scamp 1964 1966 Scottish Aviation United Kingdom Produced for the Central Electricity Generating Board. 13 prototypes only.
Sinclair C5 1985 1985 Sinclair Vehicles United Kingdom Recumbent tricycle. Out of 14,000 C5s made, only 5,000 were sold.[81]
Studebaker Electric 1902 1912 Studebaker United States Produced from 1902 to 1912 in South Bend, Indiana
VAZ-111E 1989 1998 AvtoVAZ Soviet Union
Zagato Zele 1974 1976 Zagato Italy Made by the Italian design firm Zagato. About 500 vehicles were made.

Demonstration fleets or prototypes

Model Calendar year produced Calendar year discontinued Manufacturer Marque origin Notes
AC Propulsion tzero 1997 1997 AC Propulsion United States Two-seat sportster prototype, four produced.
Autobianchi Y10 Electrica 1989 1990 [82]
BMW ActiveE 2012 2012 BMW Germany Field testing in the U.S. began in January 2012, after the Mini E trial ended.[83] Available only in select markets.[84]
Byton M-Byte 2018 2021 Byton China Supposed to go into production with concept model already being shown to the public, but the company went bankrupt in 2021 and cancelled the entire vehicle.
Elcat Electric Vehicles 2002 Elcat Automotive Finland
Electrorides ZeroTruck 2008 Electrorides United States Based on an Isuzu N-series platform, retrofitted with a UQM Technologies electric motor.[85]
Electrosport 1971 1974 Electric Fuel Propulsion Company United States
EMC E36 2011 2011
Hyundai BlueOn 2009 2010 Hyundai South Korea Field testing with 30 units began in South Korea by late 2010, production was planned.[86]
Iveco Daily 2010 Iveco Italy
Lada Ellada 2011 AvtoVAZ Russia
Mercedes-Benz Vito 108E 1996 Daimler AG Germany [87]
Mini E 2009 2010 BMW United Kingdom Built for field trials.[88]
Miles ZX40ST 2007 Miles Electric Vehicles United States
Mitsubishi Fuso eCanter 2016 Mitsubishi Fuso Japan
Nissan Altra EV 1998 2002 Nissan Japan Only about 200 vehicles were ever produced mainly for fleet.[89]
Optimal Energy Joule 2008 2012 Optimal Energy South Africa A concept car that was never released commercially; development ceased in April 2012.
Tango 2005 Commuter Cars United States
Tata Indica Vista EV 2008 2011 Tata Motors Cars India
Volkswagen Golf blue-e-motion 2011 2012 Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen Golf CITYStromer Volkswagen Germany
Volkswagen Jetta CITYStromer Volkswagen Germany
Wrightspeed X1 2006 Wrightspeed United States An Ariel Atom sports car modified to use an all-electric powertrain. Production has been cancelled.
Zytek Lotus Elise 1998 2003 Lotus Cars and Zytek United Kingdom

Vehicles planned for production

Model Calendar year
Acura ZDX EV 2024
Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale EV 2023
Alpha Wolf 2023
Aptera 2024
Aston Martin Lagonda All-Terrain 2023
Audi A6 e-tron 2023
Audi Q6 e-tron 2023
Bentley EV 2025
BYD Sea Lion 2023
Cadillac Celestiq 2024
Cadillac Escalade IQ 2024
Canoo MPDV 2024
Chevrolet Equinox EV 2023
Chrysler Airflow (EV) 2024
City Transformer CT-1 2024[90]
City Transformer urban CT-2 2024[91]
Cupra Tavascan 2024
DeLorean Alpha5 2024
Dodge eMuscle 2024
EdisonFuture EF1-T 2025
Faraday Future FF 91 2023
Ferrari EV 2025
Fiat 600e 2023
Ford E-Transit Custom 2023
Ford Explorer EV 2024
Ford Puma EV 2024
Genesis Essentia 2023
Honda Prologue 2024
Humble Motors Humble One 2025[92]
Hyundai Ioniq 7 2024
Iveco eDaily 2023
Izera Z100 2023[93]
Izera T100[93] 2023
Jeep Wrangler Magneto EV 2023
Lexus LF-Z 2025
Lincoln Aviator Electric 2024
Lincoln Mark E 2023
Lotus Emeya 2023
Mercedes-Benz EQG 2024
Mini Cooper E/SE 2023
Mini Countryman E/SE 2023
Mullen Technologies Mullen FIVE 2023
Peugeot e-3008 2023
Polestar 3 2024
Polestar 4 2023
Polestar 5 2024 (Precept Concept)
Porsche Macan EV 2023
Ram 1500 REV 2024
Renault Scenic E-Tech 2023
Rolls-Royce Spectre 2023
Smart #3 2023
Sono Motors Sion 2023[94]
Tata Harrier EV 2024
Tata Curvv 2024
Tesla Roadster (second generation) 2023
Tesla Cybertruck 2023
Volkswagen ID. Space Vizzion 2023
Volvo XC60 EV 2024
Volvo EX30 2024
Volvo EX90 2024

Motorcycles and scooters

Buses

VinBus made by VinFast from Vietnam

Trucks

  • Tesla Semi, all-electric class 8 truck: Elon Musk announced that Tesla is starting Tesla Semi production in 2022 October and that Pepsi is going to get the first electric trucks starting December.[96]

Three-wheelers

Passenger vehicles

Passenger three wheeler in India
Passenger three-wheeler in New Delhi

Aptera Motors

Champion polyplast

  • SAARTHI SHAVAK E AUTO

Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited

  • Treo

Omega Seiki Mobility

  • STREAM

Piaggio Vehicles Private Limited

  • Ape' E-City

Cargo vehicles

Cargo electric three wheeler
Cargo electric three wheeler in Faridabad, India

Altigreen Propulsion Labs Pvt Ltd

  • NEEV
  • NEEV HD
  • NEEV LR

Keto Motors Private Limited

  • BULKe
  • BULKe plus 2.0

Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions Ltd

  • KINETIC SAFAR STAR – 400
  • KINETIC SAFAR JUMBO – PICKUP

Lohia Auto Industries

  • Humsafar iB

Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited

  • Treo Zor
  • Treo Zor FB
  • Treo Zor DV

Omega Seiki Mobility

  • RAGE+
  • SUN-RI

Rickshaws

E-Rickshaw
E-Rickshaw in Delhi

Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions Ltd

  • KINETIC SAFAR SMART
  • Kinetic SAFAR SMART LFP

Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited

  • Treo Yaari HRT
  • Treo Yaari SFT

Omega Seiki Mobility

  • RIDE

See also

Notes

  1. Indicates whether the vehicle is a dedicated battery electric vehicle without any non-battery electric counterpart sharing the same underpinnings or body

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