List of lynching victims in the United States

This is a list of lynching victims in the United States. While the definition has changed over time, lynching is often defined as the summary execution of one or more persons without due process of law by a group of people organized internally and not authorized by a legitimate government. Lynchers may claim to be issuing punishment for an alleged crime; however, they are not a judicial body nor deputized by one. Lynchings in the United States rose in number after the American Civil War in the late 19th century, following the emancipation of slaves; they declined in the 1920s. Nearly 3,500 African Americans and 1,300 whites were lynched in the United States between 1882 and 1968.[1] Most lynchings were of African-American men in the Southern United States, but women were also lynched. More than 73 percent of lynchings in the post–Civil War period occurred in the Southern states.[2] White lynchings of black people also occurred in the Midwestern United States and the Border States, especially during the 20th-century Great Migration of black people out of the Southern United States. The purpose was to enforce white supremacy and intimidate black people through racial terrorism.[3]

Two Mexican American men Francisco Arias and José Chamales lynched in Santa Cruz, California, 1877

According to Ida B. Wells and the Tuskegee University, most lynching victims were accused of murder or attempted murder. Rape or attempted rape was the second most common accusation; such accusations were often pretexts for lynching black people who violated Jim Crow etiquette or engaged in economic competition with white people. Sociologist Arthur F. Raper investigated one hundred lynchings during the 1930s and estimated that approximately one-third of the victims were falsely accused.[4][5]

On a per capita basis, lynchings were also common in California and the Old West, especially of Latinos, although they represented less than 10% of the national total. Native Americans, Asian Americans and Italian-Americans[6][7] were also lynched.[8] Other ethnicities, including Finnish-Americans[9] and German-Americans[10] were also lynched occasionally. At least six law officers were killed trying to stop lynch mobs, three of whom succeeded at the cost of their own lives, including Deputy Sheriff Samuel Joseph Lewis in 1882,[11] and two law officers in 1915 in South Carolina.[12] Three law officers were themselves hanged by lynch mobs (Henry Plummer in 1864; James Murray in 1897; Carl Etherington in 1910).

Postcard commemorating the lynching of Allen Brooks in Dallas in 1910

Postcard of crowd two hours after the lynching of Allen Brooks in 1910

19th century

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
McIntosh, Francis	26	African-American	St. Louis	an independent city	Missouri	1836	Arrested on charge of disturbing the peace, McIntosh stabbed the deputies who told him he would serve five years for the offense.	Burned alive. Lynching had broad local support. Reported on by abolitionist editor Elijah Lovejoy, who was soon lynched himself.
Lovejoy, Elijah	35	White	Alton	Madison	Illinois	1837	Abolitionist newspaper editor and publisher	Had moved to Alton to escape violence in St. Louis. Four successive printing presses destroyed. "Not guilty" verdict; jury foreman member of mob.[13]
Smith, Joseph (founder of Mormonism) and brother Hyrum Smith	38, 44	White	Carthage	Hancock	Illinois	1844	Technically, treason against state of Illinois, but lynching was for religious views, especially plural marriage/polygamy.	In jail awaiting trial. Five men were tried and acquitted.
Tucker, John	40-50	African American	Indianapolis	Marion	Indiana	1845	Unprovoked attack	[14]
Segovia, Josefa	Adult	Latina	Downieville	Sierra	California	1851	Killing a white man	She was found guilty of murdering a local miner, Frederick Cannon, a man who had attempted to assault her after he had broken into her home.[15]
Berryessa, Demasio	30	Latino	San Jose	Santa Clara	California	July 1854	Alleged murder of a man named Alexander McClure	Hanged from a tree by the Vigilance Committee.[16]
Thomas, David	34	African-American	Denton	Caroline	Maryland	1854	Beating a white man to death	[17]
Thompson, Bill Saul; Despano, Sloan		African-American	Greensburg	Green	Kentucky	1858	Alleged murder and robbery of wealthy white farmer, "Mr. Simpson."	Thompson and Despano were two of four men jailed for allegedly murdering a Mr. Simpson. A mob broke into the jail which was abandoned by the jailor. To avoid lynching, one of the four, Elias Scraggs, slit his own throat. Thompson and Despano were taken by the mob and hanged from a tree. After seeing Scraggs, Thompson and Despano die, a fourth man after "a good deal of reluctance" avoided lynching by implicating five others, including Simpson's own son-in-law, though the son-in-law was "generally considered innocent."[18]
Adam		African-American	Tampa	Hillsborough	Florida	1859	In response to the murder of a white man, and "in keeping with local custom, a slave man was selected to be killed in retribution".	Adam was tried and convicted of the murder of a white man. He was represented by Ossian Hart, who appealed the conviction. The Florida State Supreme Court declared a mistrial, following which a mob broke into the jail, seized Adam and hanged him.[19]^: 269
Hamilton, Jacob	28	African-American	Smyrna	Kent and New Castle	Delaware	1861	Believed to have assaulted a white woman in her home.	While a trial was in progress, preparations to lynch the victim were made outside. When constables walked out with Hamilton, the crowd seized and hanged him.[20]
Great Hanging at Gainesville (number > 16)	Adult men	White	Gainesville	Cooke	Texas	1862	Lynching, plus "legal" executions, of Union supporters by Confederate supporters	Many lynched before trial was concluded. Prosecution of perpetrators "half-hearted"; only one convicted.[21][22]
Wilson, Jim		African-American	Oakland	Caroline	Maryland	1862	Rape and murder of an eight year old white girl	[17]
Mulliner, Robert		African-American	Newburgh	Orange	New York	1863	Alleged rape of Irish woman	Hanged from a tree by mob of Irishmen
Henry Plummer	31	White	Bannock	Beaverhead	Montana Territory	1864	Alleged leader of an outlaw gang.	A sheriff who was dragged from his house and lynched; the only evidence of his alleged crimes was in an account written by a lynch mob member to justify lynching; 130 years later Plummer was posthumously tried; the jury reached a split decision (six to six) and a mistrial was declared.[23]
Campbell, John (Jack)		Mixed race (White/Dakota)[24]	Mankato	Blue Earth, Nicollet, and Le Sueur	Minnesota	1865	Double murder	Lynched by a mob after an extrajudicial "trial".[25][26]
Taylor, John	17	African-American	Mason	Ingham	Michigan	1866	Attempted murder of his employer's wife following a wage dispute	Taylor was a former slave, and had been a teenage soldier for the Union. A mob dragged him from a jail, tortured him and hanged him from a tree, and mutilated and decapitated his body; no one was prosecuted. In 2018, a local park was named the "John Taylor Memorial Park" after him.[25][27]
Coleman, Thomas	34	African-American	Salt Lake City	Salt Lake	Utah	December 10, 1866	Walking with a White woman	Coleman, formerly enslaved by White Mormon people, was bludgeoned to death by an unknown number of assailants. His throat was deeply slit and body dumped with a note pinned to his chest stating "Notice to all niggers! Take warning!! Leave white women alone!!!"[28][29]
Pippin, James	unknown	White	Church Hill or Centerville	Queen Anne's	Maryland	1867	Tried for killing a merchant, but acquitted.	Angry about Pippin's acquittal, a mob of 20 people dragged him from under the floorboards of his father's house and hanged him.[30][31]
McLain, Tom	unknown	African-American	Coffeeville	Yalobusha	Mississippi	1868	Alleged murder of white overseer.	A masked mob broke into the jail cell with sledge hammers, dragged McLain and Gilbert Quinn from the jail and hanged both from a gum tree with the same rope.[32][33]
Quinn, Gilbert	unknown	African-American	Coffeeville	Yalobusha	Mississippi	1868	Alleged accomplice to murder of white overseer.	A masked mob broke into the jail cell with sledge hammers, dragged Quinn and Tom McLain from the jail and hanged both from a gum tree with the same rope.[32][33]
Bierfield, Samuel, Bowman, Lawrence		Jewish-American, African-American	Franklin	Williamson	Tennessee	1868	None	A group of masked men appeared at both the rear and front doors of Samuel Bierfield's store. When he refused to open the back door, they broke in. He ran out the front, where he encountered the rest of the group. The masked men shot Bierfield five times. They mortally wounded his black clerk Lawrence Bowman, who had been with him at the store. Henry Morton, another black man, had been sitting and chatting with the pair and escaped without injury during the melee. Bierfield pleaded for his life on the street in front of his dry goods store but was shot to death by the masked men at close range.
Moore, Isaac	unknown	African-American	Bel Air	Harford	Maryland	1868	Robbing a white woman of a sum of money.	Moore was accused of having other "nepharious designs" not carried out after he was frightened away by the screams of the woman from whom he allegedly took money. Moore was before a magistrate when a crowd took him away and hanged him naked from a tree.[34]
Juricks, Thomas	35 (approx.)	African-American	Piscataway	Prince George's	Maryland	1869	Assault of a white woman	Sharecropper and father of six, Juricks was "hung from an oak tree before the mob fired a volley of gunshots into his body".[35]
Quinn, Jim	unknown	African-American	Jarrettsville	Harford	Maryland	1869	Assaulting a white woman	[36][37]
Two Mexicans		Latino	Las Vegas	San Miguel	New Mexico	1870	Stealing groceries	A group of masked men had taken the two Mexicans during the night, hanging them from a beam in the jail yard.[38]
Outlaw, Wyatt	49–50	African-American	Graham	Alamance	North Carolina	1870	Prominent local figure (no crime alleged)	Sixty-three indictments, but the North Carolina Legislature, to end their cases, repealed the law they were charged with violating.[39]
Stephens, John W.	35	White	Yancyville	Caswell	North Carolina	1870	State senator who worked to help freedmen	Ku Klux Klan; no one charged.
Johnson, Offey		African-American	Monroe	Ouachita	Louisiana	March 31, 1870	None. A witness in protective custody.	Johnson was held in protective custody at jail so he could testify against a prisoner in jail named Beavers. Sheriff John H. Wisner killed by mob who then killed prisoner[40] It is believed Johnson was killed so that he could not testify against Beavers.[41]
Compton, J.L. and Wilson, Joseph			Helena	Lewis and Clark	Montana Territory	April 30, 1870	Accused of murder	A one-thousand-member vigilance committee accused the two men of shooting and robbing an old man named George Lenhart. Their fate was decided on the courthouse steps by mock trial, because "the law was tedious, expensive, and uncertain." When law officers interrupted the proceedings, they were imprisoned by the mob.[42]
Ah Wing and at least 15 others		Chinese	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	California	1871	None	Group of Chinese immigrants killed in retaliation for the accidental homicide of a white rancher. See: Chinese massacre of 1871
Johnson, George, Taylor, Squire, Davis, Charles	Adults	African American	Charlestown	Clark	Indiana	November 1871	Accused of killing a white man, Cyrus Park, and his family	Indiana Legislature Exonerated Johnson, Taylor, and Davis in 2022[43]
Jones, David		African-American	Nashville	Davidson	Tennessee	1872	Murdering Henry Murray.	Taken out of his prison cell and lynched by a mob on the public square.[44][45]
Castro, José	35	Latino	San Juan Bautista	San Benito	California	1872	Alleged conspiracy to rob a stage coach.	After Tiburcio Vásquez robbed a stage on the San Benito Road, a group of vigilantes seized José Castro, a local saloon owner, and hanged him from a tree based on the flimsy suspicion that he was associated with the bandit.[46]
McCrory, James		White	Visalia	Tulare	California	1872	Murder	A group of vigilantes broke into the jail, seized McCrory and hanged him from a bridge.[47]
Kelsey, Charles G.	30s	white	Huntington	Suffolk	New York	November 4, 1872	Sexual indecency	Man dies from castration after being tarred and feathered by a mob[48]
St. Clair, John W. and Triplett, Z.A.	unknown	white	Bozeman	Gallatin	Montana Territory	February 1, 1873	Both individuals charged with separate murders	Both men hanged[49]
Chiesa, Giovanni	20	Italian	Church Hill	Trumbull	Ohio	July 27, 1873	None	Giovanni Chiesa, the first Italian immigrant lynched in the United States, was clubbed to death by a mob of coal miners.[50][51]
Eli.		African-American		Alachua	Florida	May 1874	Assaulting a white woman	Killed when Jail burned down by mob; according to a member of mob participant John Wesley Hardin, the local coroner (also allegedly part of the mob) rendered a verdict that Eli had died after setting fire to the jail himself,[52]
Rufus P. "Scrap" Taylor, John Alfred "Kute" Tuggle and James White		White	Clinton, Texas	DeWitt	Texas	June 22, 1874		Three men were members of the Taylor faction in the Sutton-Taylor feud. Members of the Sutton faction lynched the three men in revenge for murder of Sutton leader William E Sutton in Indianola, Texas on March 22, 1874
Randolph, John		African-American	Osceola	Mississippi	Arkansas	1875		Lynched after allegedly confessing to murder of white man[53]
Reed, Joseph		African-American	Nashville	Davidson	Tennessee	1875	Killing a police officer	Taken out of his jail cell by an unmasked mob and hanged on a suspension bridge.[54]
Simms, John		African-American	Annapolis	Anne Arundel	Maryland	1875	Alleged assault of Adaline Jackson.	Simms was shackled and in jail when a mob searched the jailor for his keys and took Simms away, irons and all, and hanged him from a tree. “Many of the lynchers were painted black and some were masked.”.[55]
Keemer, William	23	African American	Greenfield	Hancock	Indiana	June 26, 1875	Accused of sexually assaulting a white woman	State Historical Marker to be Installed in 2022[56]
Arias, Francisco and Chamales, José		Latino	Santa Cruz	Santa Cruz	California	May 2, 1877	Murder of a man named Henry De Forrest	Broken out of jail by a mob and hanged from a tree.[57]
Arajo, Justin		Latino	San Juan Bautista	San Benito	California	July 1877	Shooting a man named Manuel Butron	Broken out of jail by a disguised mob and hanged from a willow tree.[58]
Garnett, Simeon		African-American	Oxford, Ohio	Butler	Ohio	September 1877	Assaulting a white woman.	Taken from jail and shot[59]
Green, Michael[60]		African-American	Upper Marlboro	Prince George's	Maryland	1878	Arrested for assaulting Miss Alice Sweeny on August 26, 1878	Green was being held at the jail in Upper Marlboro. Threats of lynching were openly made and were held off by the vigilance of Sheriff James N.W. Wilson. On September 1, 1878, a band of masked men removed Green from the jail and took him a mile outside of town to the corner of Queen Anne's Road and Hills Lane. There a noose was placed around his neck and he was hanged 15 feet in the air from a cherry tree. His body remained dangling from the tree and was observed the next morning.[60]
Horrell, Mart and Tom		White	Meridian	Bosque	Texas	December 15, 1878	Armed robbery and murder	Two of the five Horrell Brothers, outlaw brothers best known for their involvement in the Horrell–Higgins feud. While awaiting trial for robbery and murder in Texas, they were shot to death by a mob of armed vigilantes who stormed the jail.
Ami "Whit" Ketchum and Luther H. Mitchell			Calloway	Custer	Nebraska	December 10, 1878	Livestock theft and murder of a posse member	Taken from the custody of the county sheriff and burned alive.[61]
Seven men		African-American	Mount Vernon	Posey	Indiana	1878	Accused of rape	Largest recorded lynching in Indiana. No one was ever indicted.
Easley, Albert	13–14	African-American	Jacksonville	Calhoun	Alabama	1879	Alleged assault and rape of a white woman	Accused of assaulting and raping Mrs. Moses Ables, Easley was taken by force from the jail and lynched during the day within the city limits of Jacksonville.[62]
Gilmer, Bill		African-American	Memphis	Shelby	Tennessee	1879	Shot attorney Thomas J. Wood	Shot. Gilmer was accused of shooting Wood, who had whipped Gilmer for using offensive language near his wife.[63][64]
Porter, Nevlin		African-American	Starkville	Oktibbeha	Mississippi	1879	Arson	[65]
Spencer, Johnson		African-American	Starkville	Oktibbeha	Mississippi	1879	Arson	[66]
Frost, Elijah; Gibson, Abijah; McCracken, Tom	29 (Frost), 19 (Gibson and McCracken)	White	Willits	Mendocino	California	September 4, 1879	Theft of a saddle and harness	Local petty thieves accused without evidence of stealing a saddle and harness. Kidnapped from jail and hanged by 30 members of the local Masonic Temple.
Peck, George Washington		African-American	Poolesville	Montgomery	Maryland	1880	Accused of assaulting a white girl	Taken by a mob and hanged from a tree before he could be transported to Rockville for a trial.[67][68][69]
House, T.J.; West, James; Dorsey, John		White	Las Vegas	San Miguel	New Mexico	1880	Murder of Marshal Joe Carson	Accused of murdering a U.S. marshal during the Variety Hall shootout. Hanged by a mob.
Ramírez Refugio, Ramirez Wife, María Ines (daughter)		Latino	South Texas	Collins	Texas	May 1, 1880	Accused of bewitching their neighbors.	All three were burned to death[70]
Three Mexicans		Latino	Los Lunas	Valencia	New Mexico	1881	Murder of James Little	A mob took the three Mexicans and hanged them from a tree[71]
Shorter, Josh		African-American	Eufaula	Barbour	Alabama	June 1881	Harassing a white girl
Harrington, Levi		African-American	Kansas City	Jackson	Missouri	1882	Killing a police officer	Newspapers reported he was innocent, but no one was held accountable for the lynching.[72][73][74][75]
McManus, Frank		White	Minneapolis	Hennepin	Minnesota	April 19, 1882	Raping a four-year-old child	Taken from jail and lynched[76]
Mentzel, Gus			Raton	Colfax	New Mexico	June 27, 1882	Resisting arrest; killing three citizens and wounding two	Deputy Sheriff William A Bergin was either mortally wounded by suspect[77] or was killed by mob who then killed prisoner[78][79]
Francisco Tafoya aka "Navajo Frank"		Native American	Deming		New Mexico	June 29, 1882	Lassoing and dragging a citizen	Taken from jail and lynched on telephone pole in railyard.[80][81][82]
Agirer, Augustin		Latino	Austin	Travis	Texas	1882	Filing a complaint against a white man	Mr. Agirer had filed a complaint after one of the Anglo men had shot at his dog. In retaliation, the Anglos tracked Mr. Agirer down and fatally shot him in front of his wife[70][83]
Thurber, Charles		African-American	Grand Forks		North Dakota	Oct 24, 1882	Assaulting and raping two white women	Taken from law officers in jail and lynched from a bridge[84]
García, Encarnción		Latino	Los Gatos	Santa Clara	California	1883	Murder	Encarnación García was a nephew of the bandido Tiburcio Vásquez. He was arrested for stabbing another man to death following a card game at the Los Gatos Saloon. A mob broke into the jail, seized García and hanged him from the Los Gatos Creek bridge.[85][86]
Green, James and Ingraham, Fred		White	Hastings	Adams	Nebraska	April 3, 1883	Robbery and murder of a shopkeeper	Accused of the robbery and murder of Cassius Millet, a mob forcibly took the pair from the jail and hanged them from a bridge.[87]
Harvey, William "Sam Joe"	35	Black	Salt Lake City	Salt Lake	Utah	August 25, 1883	Alleged murder of White police chief	After police severely kicked and beat him they handed him over to a White mob of up to 2,000 people who hung Harvey in front of the city jail then dragged his body down the main city street.[88][89]
Heath, John	28	White	Bisbee	Cochise	Arizona Territory	1884	Accessory to robbery	Mob unsatisfied with lenient sentence
Weinberger, Martin		Jewish-American	Pittsburgh	Allegheny	Pennsylvania	1884	Murder	Hanged in County Jail yard[90]
Conorly, Huie	16	African-American	Bogalusa	Washington	Louisiana	1884	Attempted rape	A mob of 10 to 15 men broke into the jail, seized Conorly and hanged him on the jail steps.[91]
Briscoe, George	40	African-American	On a rural road[lower-alpha 1]	Anne Arundel	Maryland	1884	Alleged robbery of the residence of George Schievenent.	“[A]sked the magistrate with an oath what right he had to commit him to jail?” angering the crowd. Hung by “a large party” of masked men.[55]
McChristian, Perry		White	Grenada	Grenada	Mississippi	1885	Murder of white peddler	[92]
Williams, Felix		White	Grenada	Grenada	Mississippi	1885	Murder of white peddler	[92]
James, Bartley		African-American	Grenada	Grenada	Mississippi	1885	Suspicion of murder of white peddler	[92]
Campbell, John		African-American	Grenada	Grenada	Mississippi	1885	Suspicion of murder of white peddler	[92]
Cook, Townsend	21	African-American	Westminster	Carroll	Maryland	1885	Assaulting a white woman	[93]
Jackson, Lizzie; Jackson, Andy; Hayes, Frank; Norman, Joe; Rogers, Willie		African-American	Elkhart	Anderson	Texas	1885	Rape and murder of a white woman	[94]
Cooper, Howard[95]	15–17	African-American	Towson	Baltimore	Maryland	1885	Assaulting a white woman	Convicted of assault and rape after one minute deliberation, his attorneys intended to file an appeal; 75 masked men broke Cooper out of jail and hanged him from a tree.[93][96]
Lockwood, Charles	35	White	Morris	Litchfield County	Connecticut	1886	Allegedly murdered a 16-year-old girl	Found hanged from a tree three days later. Public opinion divided on whether Lockwood committed suicide or was lynched. Coroner's jury returned a verdict of suicide.[97]
Mingo Jack	66	African-American	Eatontown	Monmouth	New Jersey	1886	Rape of a white woman	All suspects acquitted.[98][99]
Woods, Eliza		"Colored"	Jackson	Madison	Tennessee	1886	Supposedly poisoning her employer.	Taken from the county jail, stripped naked, hanged in the courthouse yard and her body riddled with bullets and left exposed to view.[100]
Johnson, David	50	African-American	Westernport	Allegany	Maryland	1886	Alleged murder of Edward White.	Hanged by a mob. Newspaper accounts describe Johnson as troubled with “religious mania” and regarded as insane.[55]
Whitley, Charles	18	African-American	Prince Frederick	Calvert	Maryland	1886	Alleged assault of five-year-old child.	A mob of 35–40 heavily armed men broke into the jail, seized Whitley and hanged him from a tree about a mile and a half away.[55]
Villarosa, Federico (Francesco Valoto)		Italian	Vicksburg	Warren County	Mississippi	1886	Attempted rape of a 10-year-old white girl	Hanged from a tree by a mob despite the efforts of the sheriff and state militia.[101]
Waldrop, Manse		White		Pickens	South Carolina	1887	Raping and killing a 14 year old African-American girl	One of various unique incidents in which a white person is lynched by African-Americans
McCutchen, Frank		Latino	Oakdale	Stanislaus	California	1887	Arson	Fires had been appearing around Oakdale and McCutchen had allegedly been caught in the act of setting fire to a barn. McCutchen was arrested and while being transferred to Modesto jail, a mob overpowered the constable and hanged McCutchen from a tree.[102]
Salazar, Santos		Latino	South Texas	Jim Wells	Texas	1888	Murdering a white man	Jake Stafford was found dead two miles away from the road he was on; one of the main suspects of murdering Mr. Stafford was Mexican-American Salazar Santos. When the news spread across the city, a mob hanged Salazar due to the suspicion of him being the murderer[103]
Miller, Amos	23	African-American	Franklin	Williamson	Tennessee	1888	Assaulting a white woman	Taken from the courthouse during his trial and lynched on the balcony railings.[104]
Keith Bowen		African-American	Aberdeen	Monroe County	Mississippi	August 14, 1889	Found with white girl	Hanged
Fletcher, Magruder	about 35	African-American	Tasley	Accomack	Virginia	1889	Raping a white woman in her home[105]	[106]
Anderson, Orion	14	African-American	Leesburg	Loudoun	Virginia	1889	"Scaring a teenaged white girl"[107]	Hanged from a derrick[106]
Bush, George	17	African-American	Columbia	Boone	Missouri	1889	Rape of a five year old white girl	[108]
Martin, Albert	23	African-American	Port Huron	St. Clair	Michigan	1889	Assault and rape	A mob broke into his jail cell with sledge hammers, dragged him from the jail with a noose around his neck, beat and shot him to death, then hanged his corpse from a bridge.[25][109]
Meadows, George		African-American	N/A	Jefferson	Alabama	1889	Rape and murder	Lynched despite calls from his accuser that she could not confirm he was guilty. Sheriff eventually determined he had been innocent, and another man was later arrested.
Johnson,Ripley; Mitchell Adams; Jones, Judge; Phoenix, Robert.; Furz, Hugh;Johnson, Bell, Peter; Harrison; Morral, Ralph.		African-American	Barnwell vicinity	Barnwell	South Carolina	December 28, 1889	Alleged murder of a merchant and another person. Some were only being held as witnesses.	A mob of about 100 took the men from the jail to the outskirts of Barnwell and shot them.[110]
Williams, Willie		African-American	Kosse	Limestone	Texas	1890	Rape of an eight year old white girl	Taken from his jail cell by a mob, hanged, and shot multiple times.[111]
Taylor, Jim		African-American	Franklin	Williamson	Tennessee	1891	Shooting a policeman	Taken from his jail cell by a mob and lynched on Murfreesboro Road.[112]
Salceda, Jesus		Latino	Knickerbocker	Tom Green	Texas	1891	Seducing one of the white men daughters	On February 4, 1891, three white men took Jesus Salceda and hanged him from an oak tree for supposedly seducing one of the white men's daughters. They later found out that they had mistaken Jesus Salceda for another Mexican.[113]
11 Italian Americans		Italian-American	New Orleans	Orleans	Louisiana	1891	Killing of police chief	Three had been acquitted; three had a mistrial; five were never tried. Lynching organized by local leaders, including future mayor Walter C. Flower and future governor John M. Parker. Grand jury brought no charges.
Clark, Robert		African American	Bristol	Sullivan	Tennessee	June 13, 1891	Rape	[114][115]
Ortiz, Louis		Latino	Reno	Washoe	Nevada	1891	Shooting of Officer Dick Nash	A repeat, violent, intoxicated offender was arrested for shooting the town's night watchman. Prior to due process, a vigilante crew freed Ortiz from jail at gunpoint and hanged him from the Virginia Street Bridge.[116]
George Smith ("A married man with two children") AKA Joe Coe		African-American	Omaha	Douglas	Nebraska	10 Oct 1891	Assault on a white girl of five	The Governor and the sheriff tried unsuccessfully to quiet the crowd in front of the courthouse. Pieces of the lynching rope were sold as souvenirs. Despite 16 wounds to his body and three broken vertebrae, Coroner said he died of "fright". Grand jury declined to indict.
Lundy, Dick	Adult	African-American	Edgefield	Edgefield	South Carolina	1891	Murder of son of sheriff	Coroner's jury: "by persons unknown"
Champion, Tony Kelly, Michael		African-American, White (Irish)	Gainesville	Alachua	Florida	1891	Murder	Taken together from jail by mob and hanged.[117]
Ford, Andrew		African-American	Gainesville	Alachua	Florida	1891	Beating a man, aiding Harmon Murray	Taken from jail by mob and hanged.[117]
Corbin, Henry		African-American	Oxford, Ohio	Butler	Ohio	January 14, 1892	Death of a white woman.	Taken from jail and hanged/[59]
Bright, John Wesley			Forsyth	Taney	Missouri	March 16, 1892	Killing his wife	Deputy Sheriff George Williams killed by mob who then shot and killed prisoner[118][119]
Jim Redmond, Gus Roberson, and Bob Addison[120]		African-American	Clarkesville	Habersham	Georgia	May 17, 1892	Arrested for the fatal assault of Toccoa City Marshal James Carter.[121]	Due to threats against the suspects, they were transferred to a jail in Clarkesville, 15 miles east of Toccoa. A week after their arrest, a mob surrounded the jail, overpowered the guards, and dragged the three suspects out of their cells. Using chains and padlocks, the three victims were hanged from a single tree.[122]
Taylor, James[123]	23	African-American	Kennedyville	Kent	Maryland	May 19, 1892	Accused of the rape of 11-year-old Nettie (Nellie) Silcox on May 16, 1892	By 9:00 p.m. on May 19, nearly 1,000 men and women gathered at the jail. A body of masked men carrying an assortment of weapons demanded the Sheriff open the jail's door. When the Sheriff refused, the men used a sledgehammer to breach the door rushed in, and swiftly overpowered the Sheriff and other officers on duty. The mob placed a rope around Taylor's neck and dragged him down the steps and out of the jail into Cross Street. They hanged him from a tree just outside the city limits at a point between the Rockwell House and the old Armstrong Hotel.
Stewart, Charles			Perryville	Perry	Arkansas	May 21, 1892	Rape	Suspect killed Deputy Sheriff T Holmes while escaping from jail; lynched by posse.[124][125]
Lewis, Robert	28	African-American	Port Jervis	Orange	New York	June 2, 1892	Assaulting a white woman	Hanged.[126]
Hinson, Henry		African-American	Micanopy	Alachua	Florida	1892	Murder	Hanged.[117]
Unknown		African-American	Waldo	Alachua	Florida	1892	Suspicion of burglary and incendiarism	Hanged.[117]
Moss, Tom	Adult	African-American	Memphis	Shelby	Tennessee	1892	Complaint from competing white grocery store owner.	So-called Curve Riot (not a riot). Reported on by Ida B. Wells, whose newspaper was destroyed and had to leave the state.[127]
McDowell, Calvin	Adult	African-American	Memphis	Shelby	Tennessee	1892	Complaint from competing white grocery store owner.	So-called Curve Riot (not a riot). Reported on by Ida B. Wells, whose newspaper was destroyed and had to leave the state.[127]
Stewart, Will	Adult	African-American	Memphis	Shelby	Tennessee	1892	Complaint from competing white grocery store owner.	So-called Curve Riot (not a riot). Reported on by Ida B. Wells, whose newspaper was destroyed and had to leave the state.[127]
Grizzard, Ephraim		African-American	Nashville	Davidson	Tennessee	1892	Assaulting two white girls in Goodlettsville.	Taken out of his prison cell and lynched on a bridge in downtown Nashville in front of 10,000 onlookers. Later taken back to Goodlettsville.[128]
Heflin, Lee		White		Fauquier	Virginia	1892	Convicted murderer	Seized from police when they were trying to move him to a safer location.[106]
Dye, Joseph		White		Fauquier	Virginia	1892	Convicted murderer	Seized from police when they were trying to move him to a safer location.[106]
Bates, William		White	Shelbyville	Bedford	Tennessee	1892	Alleged murder of his wife.	Mob formed as officers were transporting Bates to jail. He was hanged.[129]
Shorter, William	17	African-American	Winchester	N/A (independent city)	Virginia	1893	Assault on a white woman	[106]
Henry Smith	17	African-American	Paris	Lamar	Texas	1893	Kidnapping and murder of white girl; Smith confessed under duress.	Tortured, burned with hot irons, doused in oil and set afire; his remains were sold as souvenirs.
Miller, C.J.		African-American	Bardwell		Kentucky	July 7, 1893	Killing two white girls	Despite no evidence that he was the murderer, he was taken from jail and hanged and his dead body cremated. Investigated by Journalist Iba B. Wells.[130]
Peterson, John	Adult	African-American	Denmark	Bamberg (at the time, Barnwell County)	South Carolina	1893	Attack on a white girl
Willis, Charles		African-American	Rochelle	Alachua	Florida	1894	Being a "desperado"[131]	Shot and burned in bed.[117]
Puryear, Richard		African-American	Stroudsburg	Monroe	Pennsylvania	1894	Murder	Lynched by a mob after escaping from jail.[25][132]
Suiato, Floantina		Latino	Cotulla	La Salle	Texas	1895	Murder	October 12, 1895, 10 masked man went into the jail where Suiato was being held, took him to the banks of the Nueces River, where they hanged him from a tree and riddled his body with bullets[133]
Rawls, William		African-American	Newnansville	Alachua	Florida	1895	Murder	Hanged and shot.[117]
Divers, Emmett	Adult	African-American	Fulton	Callaway	Missouri	1895	Murder of a white woman; Jennie E. Cain	"Horrible fury of the mob...500 horsemen." Hanged from bridge until dead, taken down and hanged a second time from a telegraph pole at the fairground, "at the request of the murdered woman's husband, John William Cain". Body and cabin burned.[134]
Hillard, Robert		African-American	Tyler	Dewitt	Texas	1895	Rape and murder of a white woman	Burned.[135][136]
Castellán, Aureliano		Latino	San Antonio	Bexar	Texas	1896	Accused of looking at a white woman	Shot and burned[137]
Saladino, Lorenzo; Arena, Salvatore; Giuseppe Venturella	33–36, 27, 48	Italian	Hahnville	St. Charles Parish	Louisiana	1896	Murder	Saladino was accused of murdering a wealthy merchant. Arena and Venturella happened to have been in the same prison, accused of a different murder. All were rounded up together and lynched to "teach the lawless Italians a salutary lesson." After the lynching, another person confessed to the murder for which Arena and Venturella had been lynched.[138]
Daniels, Alfred		African-American	Gainesville	Alachua	Florida	1896	Suspicion of arson (barn burning) (no evidence)	Taken by mob on way to jail, hanged and shot.[117]
Randolph, Sydney	Adult	African-American	Gaithersburg	Montgomery	Maryland	1896	Killing a white girl	Taken from the jail by a mob.[139]
Smith, George		White	Ransomville	Niagara	New York	1896	Alleged murder of his father-on-law and wounding a posseman	Shot by mob; ruled by coroner as suicide
McCoy, Joseph	20	African-American	Alexandria	N/A (independent city)	Virginia	1897	Assault on a young girl	[106]
Mitchell, Charles	23	African-American	Urbana	Champaign	Ohio	June 4, 1897	Robbery/Rape	Hanged[140]
Murray, James			Bonanza		Arkansas	Dec 6, 1897		Victim was a law officer who was shot and lynched by friends of a man who had been arrested for murder[141]
James, John Henry	Adult	African-American	Charlottesville (near)	Albemarle	Virginia	1898	Rape	Hanged and shot by a mob.
Baker, Frazier B.	41	African-American	Lake City	Florence	South Carollna	1898	Appointed Postmaster	Grand jury did not indict. Since it was a Federal crime (attack on a postmaster), there were 13 Federal indictments; no one was convicted.
Smith, Wright	56	African-American	Annapolis	Anne Arundel	Maryland	1898	Alleged assault of Mary Morrison.	Wright Smith was identified by Mary Morrison as the man who broke into her house and assaulted her. Mob broke Smith out of jail and riddled his body with bullets.[55]
Stewart, F. W.	Adult	African-American	Lacon	Marshall	Illinois	1898	Alleged assault of Mary O'Brien	O'Brien was the daughter of a miner. About 100 miners broke into the county jail, abducted Stewart, and hanged him.[142]
Eight or more		African-American	Phoenix	Greenwood	South Carolina	November, 1898	Phoenix election riot	Eight or more men were lynched.[143]
Thompson, Benjamin	20	African-American	Alexandria	N/A (independent city)	Virginia	1899	Attempting to criminally assault an eight-year-old white girl[107]	hanged from a lamppost at Cameron and Lee Sts., site of several lynchings.[106]
Embree, Frank	unknown	African-American	Fayette, Missouri		Missouri	July 29, 1899	Charged with assaulting a 14-year-old girl	Taken from officers and Lynched[144][145]
DiFatta brothers (Francesco, Carlo, and Giuseppe); Cerami, Giovanni; Rosario Fiducia		Italian	Tallulah	Madison Parish	Louisiana	1899	Shooting a doctor	Sicilian immigrant grocery store owners, the DiFatta brothers, quarreled with a local doctor. The doctor fired his pistol at Carlo and was immediately shot and injured by Giuseppe. Sicilian immigrants Cerami and Fiducia were not involved in the dispute and had simply been nearby when the lynching occurred; they were rounded up and lynched alongside the DiFatta brothers because they were Italian.[146]
Hose, Sam	about 24	African-American	Newnan	Coweta	Georgia	1899	Killed his white employer in self-defense. Accusations of rape added to incite lynching.	Body parts for sale in a store. Widely publicized and privately investigated.

20th century

1900–1909

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
George and Ed Silsbee[147]		White	Fort Scott	Bourbon	Kansas	January 20, 1900	Murder	Taken from jail and lynched[148]
Watt, W.W.		White	Newport News	an independent city	Virginia	1900	Assault	Shot[149]
Gause, Anderson		African-American	Henning	Lauderdale	Tennessee	1900	Helping two Black prisoners to escape who had killed two law officers.	Mr. Gause was hanged from a tree.[149][150][151]
Pete, Dago		African-American	Tutwiler	Tallahatchie	Mississippi	1900	Assaulted colored woman	Killed by African-American mob[149]
Cotton, Walter O'Grady,Brandt		African-American White			Virginia	March 24, 1900	accused of Murder	Cotton killed by a white mob; O'Grady Killed by African-American mob[152]
Lee, William	29	African-American	Hinton	Summers	West Virginia	1900	Assault on a white woman	[153]
Porter, Preston	15	African-American	Limon	Colorado	Colorado	1900	Rape and murder of a 12 year old white girl	Burned alive by a mob[154]
Alexander, Fred	22	African-American	Leavenworth	Leavenworth	Kansas	1901	Rape and murder allegations	Lynched and burned at stake[155]
Berryman, Peter	45	African-American	Mena	Polk	Arkansas	1901	Kicking a young White girl	Beaten, shot, and hanged[156]
Estes, Siles		African-American	Hodgenville	LaRue	Kentucky	1901	"Forcing...a 15 year old boy...to commit a crime."	Mr. Estes was taken from his jail cell at 2:00 a.m. by a mob of 50 or 75 persons and hanged in front of the courthouse.[157]
Carter, George		African-American	Paris	Bourbon	Kentucky	1901	"Assaulting a white woman."	[158]
Ward, George		African-American	Terre Haute	Vigo	Indiana	February 26, 1901	Suspected of murder of a white woman	Struck in head with sledgehammer. Hanged from bridge; burned; toes and hobnails from boots kept as souvenirs.[159]
Fred Rochelle	16	African-American	Bartow	Polk	Florida	1901	Murder and rape of a white woman	Doused with kerosene and burned. Special train from Lakeland to see the "barbecue".
Godley, William		African-American	Pierce	Lawrence	Missouri	1901	Murder of a white woman	Mob subsequently went on a rampage in a nearby black community[160]
Price, Manny, Scruggs, Robert		African-American	Newberry	Alachua	Florida	1902	Murder, suspected accomplice	Taken by mob on way to jail, hanged and shot.[117]
Unknown		African-American	Savannah, Georgia		Georgia	April 16, 1902	Accused of assaulting white woman and killing her son	Suspect Richard Young was sought on March 27, 1902, injuring Mrs Fountain and mortally injuring her son Dower Fountain.[161] Victim was hanged and burned in a swamp[162][163] However, victim was not suspect Richard Young-since Richard Young and accomplice James Stewart were captured, tried and sentenced to prison in June 1902[164]
Gillespie, James and Harrison	10, 14	African-American	Salisbury	Rowan	North Carolina	1902	Murder of a white woman	Two brothers were accused of stoning a neighbor to death. Hanged by a mob of an estimated 400 persons and their bodies shot dozens of times.[165]
Yellow Wolf, John		Native-American	Deadwood	Lawrence	South Dakota	1902	Horse stealing	After being released from jail, he was given a worthless horse and saddle, while on his way to the reservation he grew up in, he spotted a young horse that he wanted. A group of men took over Yellow Wolf and hanged him from a tree near White River.[166]
Carter, James		African-American	Amherst	Amherst	Virginia	1902	Unknown	[167]
Craven, Charles		African-American	Leesburg	Loudoun	Virginia	1902	Assault	[106]
Brown, Curtis and Burley, Garfield		African American	Newbern, Tennessee	Dyer	Tennessee	October 8, 1902	One confessed to murder of a white man and claimed the other was accomplice	[168]
Dillard, James	?	African American	Sullivan	Sullivan	Indiana	November 1902	Accused of sexually assaulting two white women	[169]
Vazquez and Unknown Mexican	17, unknown	Latino	Huachuca Mountains	Cochise	Arizona	1903	Stealing Cattle and Skinning stolen beef	Vazquez was found hanging from the tree and was suspected to be one of the Mexicans stealing cattle from the ranch of Will Parker, who discovered the 17 year old. Three Mexicans were also caught nearby skinning stolen beef, with which they tried to escape arrest, but one of the Mexicans who did was fatally shot.[170]
Steers, Jennie	Adult	African-American	rural area near Shreveport	Caddo	Louisiana	1903	Poisoning daughter of a planter	[171]^: 70
Malone,"Rev" D.W.	50		Wardell, Missouri	Pemiscot	Missouri	May 3, 1903	Suspect had been arrested for living with woman not his wife	When mob burned the man's house down Constable W. J. Monneyhan placed man under arrest in his own home to protect him. Officer was killed by mob, who then shot and killed prisoner.[172][173][174]
Jarvis, Washington	25	White	Madison	Madison	Florida	May 20, 1903	Accused of murdering his cousin.	[175]
Unknown		African-American	St. Louis, Missouri	St Louis County	Missouri	June 1903	Assaulted African American woman and a white girl	Hanged on tripod[176][177]
White, George	Adult	African-American	Wilmington	New Castle	Delaware	June 23, 1903	Accused of sexually assaulting and stabbing to death an 18-year-old girl	Taken from the city jail by a mob and burned alive.[178]
Gorman, Jim and Walters, J.P.			Basin, Wyoming	Big Horn	Wyoming	July 19, 1903	each accused of a murder	Deputy Sheriff C. E. Pierce was killed by mob, who then shot the prisoners[179][180]
Surasky, Abraham	30	Jewish-American	rural area near Aiken	Aiken	South Carolina	July 29, 1903	Being a Jewish-American peddler who was helping the murderer's wife carry some things to her house.	Murdered by gun and ax; an anti-Semitic murder.[181]
Fambro, William		African-American	Griffin	Spalding	Georgia	1903	Insulted white home	[182]
Johnson, William		African-American	Thebes	Alexander	Illinois	1903	Assaulting a girl	Hanged[183]
Johnson, William		African-American	Thebes	Alexander	Illinois	1903	Assaulting a girl	Hanged[183]
Clark, Jumbo		African-American	High Springs	Alachua	Florida	1904	Assault of 14 year old white girl	Taken by mob on way to jail, hanged and shot.[117]
Dickerson, Richard	unknown	African-American	Springfield	Clark	Ohio	March 7, 1904	Murder of a Patrolman Charles B. Collis[184]	shot and then hanged[185][186]
Lee, "General"		African-American	Reevesville	Dorchester	South Carolina	1904	Knocking on the door of a white woman's house	[187]
Holbert, Luther, unnamed female		African-American	Doddsville	Sunflower	Mississippi	1904	Murder of a white landowner	Tortured and burned alive, crowd of some 600 attended the lynching.[188]
Cato, Will Reed, Paul		African-American	Statesboro	Bulloch	Georgia	August 16, 1904	Murder of five members of a family	Seized by mob from courthouse after conviction for murder, chained to stump and burned
Maples, Horace		African-American	Huntsville	Madison	Alabama	1904	Murder	Mob of 2,000 burned jail where he was held, then hanged and shot him.[189]
Munoz, Carlos		Latino	Lockhart	Caldwell	Texas	1905	Assaulting a White woman	After assaulting one of the farmers' wives, Munoz ran off where officers captured him and tried protecting him, but were overpowered by the mob of 40+ people who dragged him to into the woods, where they shot and hanged Munoz.[190]
Goodman, Augustus		African-American	Bainbridge	Decatur	Georgia	Nov 4, 1905	Accused of killing Decatur County Sherriff Martin C. Stegall on October 29, 1905	[191][192]
Johnson, Ed	23–24	African-American	Chattanooga	Hamilton	Tennessee	March 16, 1906	Rape of white woman	Sheriff and two others sentenced to three months in jail, three others to two months, for abetting the lynching. Only criminal case ever with direct involvement of the U.S. Supreme Court; see United States v. Shipp
Duncan, Horace	20 to 21	African-American	Springfield	Greene	Missouri	1906	Assault of white woman	Fred Coker, Horace B. Duncan, and William (Bill) Allen were lynched by large mob of white citizens, though they were innocent. All three suspects were hanged from the Gottfried Tower, which held a replica of the Statue of Liberty, and burned in the courthouse square by a mob of more than 2,000 citizens. Duncan's and Coker's employer testified that they were at his business at the time of the crime against Edwards, and other evidence suggested that they and Allen were all innocent. After the mass lynching in Springfield, many African Americans left the area in a large exodus. Judge Azariah W. Lincoln called for a grand jury, but no one was prosecuted. The proceedings were covered by national newspapers, the New York Times and Los Angeles Times.
Richardson, Bunk		African-American	Gadsden	Etowah	Alabama	Feb 11,1906	Not charged	Was arrested/held as a witness for one of three defendants accused of rape and murder of a white woman. The three defendants were sentenced to death, but the governor commuted to life one man's sentence. Angry at the lighter sentence, a mob seized Richardson from the jail and hanged him from a train trestle over the Coosa River.[193][194][195][196]
Nease Gillepsie, John Gillepsie, "Jack" Dillingham, Henry Lee, and George Irwin		African-American	Salisbury	Rowan	North Carolina	August 6, 1906	Accused of murdering a family	The five men were arrested and accused of the murder several members of a local white family, the Lyerlys. When returned for a court hearing and while under heavy guard, a mob led by George Hall pulled Dillingham and the Gillepsies, father and son, from their jail cells. They were paraded through the town and hanged from a tree[197] at the Henderson Ballground near the corner of Long and Henderson Streets.[198] George Hall would later be convicted for his role in the lynching.[199]
Robinson, Dick and Thompson		African American	Pritchard	Mobile	Alabama	October 6, 1906	Assaulting white women	[200]
Davis, Henry		African-American	Annapolis	Anne Arundel	Maryland	December 21, 1906	Assaulting a white woman	Dragged from his jail cell and shot over 100 times. Last known lynching in Anne Arundel County.[93][201]
Pitts, Slab		African-American	Toyah	Reeves	Texas	1906	Living with a white woman	Dragged to death before being hanged.[202]
Burns, William	22	African-American	Cumberland	Allegany	Maryland	1907	Alleged murder of Patrolman August Baker.[203]	A crowd estimated at 10,000 examined the lynching victim's body.[55]
Higgins, Loris		White	Bancroft	Thurston County	Nebraska	August 27, 1907	Murder of a farmer and his wife and rape of daughter	Murdered couple killed May 12, 1907; suspect was taken from law officers and lynched from a Bridge over creek and then shot[204][205][206][207]
Long, Jack		White	Newberry	Alachua	Florida	1908	Murder	Hanged.[117]
Pigot, Eli		Black	Brookhaven	Lincoln	Mississippi	1908	Assault on a White girl	Shot, hanged[208]
Scott, Charley		African American	Conroe, Texas	Montgomery County, Texas	Texas	Feb 28, 1908	Peeping Tom looking in windows	hanged on tree see[209]
Miller, William		African-American	Brighton	Jefferson	Alabama	1908	Labor activist	Jefferson County had the highest number of lynchings in Alabama (29).[210]
Patton, Nelse		African-American	Oxford	Lafayette	Mississippi	1908	Killing a white woman	Prominent attorney and former U.S. Senator William V. Sullivan, in his own words, "led the mob...and I'm proud of it".[211][212][213]
Walker, David, his wife and four children		African-American	Hickman	Fulton	Kentucky	1908	Using inappropriate language with a white woman	[214]
Jerry Evans, Will Johnson, Moss Spellman, Clevel Williams, and Will Manuel	22–27	African American	Hemphill	Sabine	Texas	June 15, 1908	Murder of two white men	Five black men accused of murder were hanged by a mob of an estimated 150[215][216]
Smith, Ted	18	African American	Greenville	Hunt	Texas	July 27, 1908	Raping a 16-year old white girl	After victim identified suspect as the person who assaulted her, Smith was taken by mob from Sherriff and Lynched (burned)[217][218][219]
Leander Shaw		African American	Pensacola	Escambia	Florida	July 29, 1908	Attempted murder and rape of 21-year-old Lillie Davis	After Shaw was identified by Davis, he was arrested and taken to the county jail. An angry white mob broke into the jail and took Shaw, lynching him in Plaza Ferdinand VII.[220]
Riley, Joseph; Jones, Virgil; Jones, Robert; Jones, Thomas		African-American	Russellville	Logan	Kentucky	July 31, 1908	Victims expressed approval of their lodge brother Rufus Browder's killing his employer.	Rufus Browder killed his employer with an axe after being shot in the chest. Browder was arrested and sent to Louisville. The lynching victims expressed approval for his actions and were jailed for disturbing the peace. On August 1, 1908, a mob demanded release of the men, and lynched them from a tree. A note pinned to one of the men read, "Let this be a warning to you niggers to let white people alone or you will go the same way."[221][222]
Hilliard	18	African American	Hope	Hempstead	Arkansas	1909	Using inappropriate language with a white woman	Hung[223]
Wades, Jake		African American	Lakeland	Polk	Florida	1909	Accused of rape	Transported from Gainesville to Lakeland to be identified and lynched[224]
Brown, Joe		White	Whitmer	Randolph	West Virginia	March 25, 1909	Shooting a law officer	[225][200]
Miller Jim	47	White	Ada	Pontotoc	Oklahoma	April 19, 1909	Suspicion of murder of a lawman	Lynched by a mob along with Berry Burrell, Joseph Allen, and Jesse West.[226]
Burrell, Berry	38	White	Ada	Pontotoc	Oklahoma	April 19, 1909	Suspicion of murder of a lawman	Lynched by a mob along with Jim Miller, Joseph Allen, and Jesse West.[226]
Allen, Joseph	43	White	Ada	Pontotoc	Oklahoma	April 19, 1909	Suspicion of murder of a lawman	Lynched by a mob along with Jim Miller, Berry Burrell, and Jesse West.[226]
West, Jesse	46	White	Ada	Pontotoc	Oklahoma	April 19, 1909	Suspicion of murder of a lawman	Lynched by a mob along with Jim Miller, Berry Burrell, and Joseph Allen.[226]
James, Will		African American	Cairo	Alexander	Illinois	November 11, 1909	Murder of a white woman three days earlier[227]	[200]
Salzner, Henry		White	Cairo	Alexander	Illinois	November 11, 1909	Murder of his wife the previous year	Dragged from his jail cell and hung from a telegraph pole.[228]

1910–1919

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
Allen Brooks	60	African-American	Dallas	Dallas County	Texas	1910	Brooks was accused of raping Mary Beuvens, a two-and-a-half year old girl	On March 3, 1910, Brooks was in the Dallas County Courthouse to face trial. A mob tied a rope around his neck and pulled him out of the courthouse window. Brooks landed on his head on the street below. He was dragged by a car to Elks Arch at the intersection of Main Street and Akard Street. There the mob hanged him from a telephone pole.[229]
Rodriguez, Antonio	20	Latino	Rocksprings	Edwards	Texas	1910	Accused of murdering White Texan	Antonio Rodriguez was a 20 year old migrant worker from Mexico. On November 2, Antonio was accused of murdering a White Texan which led to him getting arrested and jailed. On November 3, 1910, a mob took him from his jail cell and burned him alive.[230][231]
Etherington, Carl Mayes	17	White	Newark, Ohio	Licking County, Ohio	Ohio	July 8, 1910	Killing a man in self defense	Had been sworn in as Law officer by the Granville town mayor to enforce "prohibition" of alcohol in a "wet town"; shot and killed a man who assaulted him; officer taken from jail and lynched by mob in Newark, Ohio[232]
Gentry, Henry		African American	Belton, Texas	Bell County, Texas	Texas	July 24, 1910	Murder of Constable J. Mitchell	Shot and burned[233][234][235]
Albano, Angelo and Castenge Ficarotta		Italian	Tampa	Hillsborough County	Florida	1910	Complicity in a shooting	[236]
Marshall, Eugene	unknown	African-American	Shelbyville	Shelbyville	Kentucky	January 16, 1911	Convicted of murdering an aged negro woman	Three men (Eugene Marshall, Wade Patterson, James West) lynched at the same time after the mob broke into jail after threatening the jailer for the keys. All three were hung from the Chesapeake and Ohio bridge. One rope for two men (Patterson and West) was used which snapped. Afterward they were shot multiple times.[34]
Patterson, Wade	unknown	African-American	Shelbyville	Shelbyville	Kentucky	January 16, 1911	Charged with detaining Miss Elizabeth Rubel, a white nineteen-year old Shelbyville girl	Three men (Eugene Marshall, Wade Patterson, James West) lynched at the same time after the mob broke into jail after threatening the jailer for the keys. All three were hung from the Chesapeake and Ohio bridge. One rope for two men (Patterson and West) was used which snapped. Afterward they were shot multiple times.[34]
West, James	unknown	African-American	Shelbyville	Shelbyville	Kentucky	January 16, 1911	Charged with detaining Miss Mary Coley, a young white girl.	Three men (Eugene Marshall, Wade Patterson, James West) lynched at the same time after the mob broke into jail after threatening the jailer for the keys. All three were hung from the Chesapeake and Ohio bridge. One rope for two men (Patterson and West) was used which snapped. Afterward they were shot multiple times.[34]
Nelson, Laura and Nelson, L.D.		African-American	Okemah	Okfuskee	Oklahoma	May 25, 1911	Killing of Deputy Sheriff George H. Loney[237]	Gang-raped and lynched together with her son, 14, after trying to protect him during a meat-pilfering investigation.[238]
Gomez, Antonio	14	Latino	Thorndale	Milam	Texas	1911	Killing a German man	After trying to escape a mob that surrounded the 14-year-old boy, he ended up killing a German man named Charles Zieschang which led to the 14 year olds arrest. While being transported to the jailhouse, 4 men intercepted the 2 people taking Antonio and successfully lynched Antonio Gomez.[230]
William Bradford		African-American	Chunky	Newton	Mississippi	June 16, 1911	Accused of attempted murder of two white farmers	[239]
Jones, Commodore	26	African-American	Farmersville	Collin	Texas	August 11, 1911	Accused of insulting a white woman over the telephone.	Crowd of around 75 men and boys gained access to Jones's cell and marched him to the outskirts of town, where he was forced to climb a telephone pole and was hanged.[240][241]
Lee, John		African American	Durant, Oklahoma	Bryan County, Oklahoma	Oklahoma	August 13, 1911	Assault and murder of a white woman	Picture of victim appeared in Crisis Magazine January 1912 p. 122:[242] Shot and burned[233]
Johnson, King[243]	28	African American	Brooklyn	Anne Arundel	Maryland	1911	Alleged murder of Frederick Schwab.	Johnson was to be transported to Annapolis for his safety that same day but those plans were delayed. Around two o'clock in the morning on December 26, 1911, a mob broke into the unguarded jail where Johnson was kept. When Johnson fought back preventing a noose from being placed on his neck, he was beaten with irons and shot.[55][243]
Walker, Zachariah	20–24	African-American	Coatesville	Chester	Pennsylvania	August 16, 1911	Killing of a police officer, possibly in self-defense	Taken from hospital room and burned alive. Fifteen men and teenage boys were indicted, but all were acquitted at trials.[244]
Harrison, Ernest Reed, Sam, and Howard, Frank		African American	Wickliffe	Ballard	Kentucky	September 11, 1911	Robbery and murder of an elderly black man	The three men were accused of the robbery and murder of Washington Thomas, an elderly black man.[245]
Unknown		African American	Andalusia, Alabama	Covington County, Alabama		1911		Postcard of victim postmarked 1911 appeared in Crisis Magazine January 1912 p. 118[242]
2 Unknown men		African American				Prior December 1911		Picture of victims appeared in Crisis Magazine Twice; first a cropped picture of one victim in December 1911 in article "Jesus Christ in Georgia" (p. 70)[242] and a full picture of both victims in January 1912 p. 122[242]
Lewis, Sanford		African-American	Fort Smith	Sebastian	Arkansas	1912	Shooting a constable	Five policemen fined $100 each for "nonfeasance of office". Entire police force fired. Mayor voted out. Man charged with lynching acquitted.[246]
Unknown		African American			Florida(?)	Prior Feb 3, 1912		Picture of victim appeared in Crisis Magazine March 1912 p. 209:[card purchased 3 Feb 1912 in Palm Beach Florida][242][247]
Davis, Dan	25	African-American	Tyler	Smith	Texas	1912	Assault and rape of a 16 year old white girl	Burned alive by a mob[248]
Johnson, Walter		African-American	Princeton, West Virginia	County West Virginia	West Virginia	Sept 4, 1912	Assault and rape of a 14-year-old girl	Taken out of his jail cell by an armed mob; hanged and shot.[249]
Green, Joe	16	African-American	Heath	Covington	Alabama	February 25, 1913	Fatal shooting of Nobie Spicer	Shot and killed by a mob led by the victim's husband who identified Green as the murderer.[250] Samuel Spicer Jr. would later be convicted of the murder of his wife, Nobie, and sentenced to life in prison. He was paroled in December 1929, but then fled.[251]
9 Mexicans		Latino	El Paso	El Paso	Texas	1913	Being Mexican Bandits	Hanged[252]
Delgadillio, Demecio	28	Latino	Albuquerque	Bernalillo	New Mexico	1913	Murder	Demecio killed Mrs. Soledad Zarrazino De Pino in a fit of jealous which led to him being hanged in Bernalillo County Jail[253]
White, Henry		African-American	Campville	Alachua	Florida	1913	Found under white woman's bed	Hanged, noose broke, shot.[117]
Williams, Andrew	35	African-American	Houston	Chickasaw	Mississippi	1913	Murder of John C. Williams, Wife of the Deputy Chancery Clerk	Dragged from jail and hanged at a nearby tree, upon the alleged statement of two African-American women;[254] the women who made the statement were arrested the next day for making a false statement, according to one source[255] and/or disappeared.[256] The day after Williams was lynched, a second African-American, named in different reports as 'Divel Rucker', 'Dizell Rucker' and 'Dibrell Tucker; was lynched and burned at the stake on the assumption that he, not Williams, was the actual murderer[257][258]
Rucker, Divel	20	African-American	Houston	Chickasaw	Mississippi	1913	Murder of John C. Williams, Wife of the Deputy Chancery Clerk	The day after Andrew Williams was lynched by hanging for this murder, Rucker was presumed by the mob to be the actual murderer and, allegedly, confessed to the crime. He was tied to an iron stake, covered with tar, and set afire. The family of the victim shot him as he was burning[259] According to the New York Sun report, "The Rucker lynching was the most spectacular in the history of Mississippi and there was no attempt at concealment or evasion."[260][258]
Simmons, Bennie/Dennis		African-American	Anadarko	Caddo	Oklahoma	June 13, 1913	Killing a 16-year-old girl	Taken from officers; was lynched and burned[261]
Richardson, Joseph		African-American	Leitchfield	Grayson	Kentucky	September 26, 1913	Assaulting a white girl	Town drunk who accidentally stumbled near girl; hanged[262]
Adolfo Padilla		Latino	Santa Fe	Santa Fe	New Mexico	1914	Accused of killing his wife	A mob of masked men seized Padilla from the jail and chopped his body into pieces.[263]
Martinez Jr., Leon	18	Latino	Pecos	Reeves	Texas	1914	Killing a White woman	On July 28, 1911, Leon Martinez was tried for the murder of a white woman. They used the forced confessions as evidence of him committing murder and he was sentenced to death but it was postponed due to the outrage. On May 11, 1914, Leon was executed by hanging.
Gonzales, Isidro		Latino	Oakville	Live Oak	Texas	1914	Choking a county jailer to death	Isidro was accused to have choke Harry Hinton to death and escaped from jail. He was found riddle with bullets after his escape.[264]
Turner, Allen	47	African-American	Western area of Parish (county)	Union	Louisiana	1914	Accused of Assaulting a white man (J.P. McDougall)[265]	J.P. McDougall was whipping Allen Turner's son. Allen was defending his son. Taken from deputy sheriff and shot to death. It is said that Allen's body was then dragged through the roads of Spearsville.
Shields, Dallas		African-American	Fayette	Howard	Missouri	1914	Murdering a police officer	[266]
Sullivan, Fred; Sullivan, May		African-American	Byhalia	Marshall	Mississippi	1914	Alleged barn burning.	Fred Sullivan and his wife May confessed after nooses were placed around their necks. The couple were hanged by a mob of more than 100.[267]
Leo Frank	31	Jewish	Marietta	Cobb	Georgia	1915	Killing a 13-year-old girl	No charges filed; posthumously pardoned.
Brown Jeff		African-American	Cedarbluff	Oktibbeha	Mississippi	1915	Bumping into a white girl at a train station	Pictures of his lynching were sold to white citizens for five cents each.[268]
11 Mexican-Americans		Latino	Lyford	Willacy	Texas	1915	Supposedly were Mexican Bandits	After hearing news of Luis De La Rose had been killed in battle, Sheriff Vann went to Mission, Texas to see if the news was true, on the way, American troops found the bodies of 11 Mexicans. Commander Blocksom ordered an investigation to investigate the killings. He believed that the Mexicans were not Bandits and were peaceful Mexicans who were killed due to race hatred after the Progreso battle.[269]
10 Mexican-Americans		Latino	Olmito	Cameron	Texas	1915	Train wrecking and murder	After a train wrecking that killed 3 people, the Americans began to hang or shoot Mexicans who they thought were involved in the wreck[270]
Five Mexicans	33, others unknown	Latino	South Texas	Culberson	Texas	1915	Horse theft	Orozco successfully executed a planned escape to Sierra Blanca where he met up with leaders and future cabinet members where they crossed into Dick Love's ranch who accused them of stealing his horses and later got the Rangers and other law enforcement to look for the men where they found the men camping in a box canyon where they killed all 5 of the men.
Jesus Bazán and Antonio Longoria	67, 49	Latino	South Texas	Hidalgo	Texas	1915	No accusation	Jesus and Antonio went to report that a few of their horses had been stolen to the Texas Rangers. After they reported that stuff to the Rangers and left, Ranger Henry Ransom followed Jesus and Antonio and shot both of them dead. Henry Ransom had called for the bodies to be left in the open to spread fear across the town.[231]
Six Mexicans		Latino	Brownsville	Cameron	Texas	1915	Murder	Two of the Mexicans were taken from San Benito jail and the other four Mexicans were taken from Mercedes where they shot to death and bodies burned on the side of a road.[271]
Jose and Hilario Leon		Latino	Southern Arizona	Pima	Arizona	1915	Outlawry	Two white police officers interrogated the brothers and accused them of being outlaws. They hung the brothers from a tree and left their bodies to rot in the desert gulch.[263]
Lorenzo and Gorgonio Manriquez		Latino	Mercedes	Hidalgo	Texas	1915	Resisting arrest	Shot[272]
Muñóz, Adolfo		Latino	Brownsville	Cameron	Texas	1915	Murder and horse theft	While being transported by Sheriff Frank Carr, a group of seven to eight men held the Sheriff at gun point, taking Adolfo and later hanging him from a tree.[273]
Lynching of James and Alonzo Green		African-American	Columbus	Jones County	Georgia	1915	Mob ran into them while hunting for the murderer of white farmer	[274]
Stevenson, Cordella		African-American	Columbus	Lowndes	Mississippi	1915	Her son was accused of burning a white man's barn, he was unavailable, so they raped and murdered her	Her husband Arch was never seen alive after December 15[275]
Dr Benjamin E Ward	37	White	Norman	Cleveland	Oklahoma	1915	Murdering his wife	Mob expected him to be freed on grounds of insanity.[276]
Stanley, Will		African American	Temple, Texas		Texas	July 29–30, 1915	Murder of 3 children and assaulting parents	Lynched and Burned. Stanley Claimed to have been accessory to murders and claimed leader of mob had hired him and other 2 men[277][278]
Sheffield, Caesar	17	African-American	Lake Park	Lowndes	Georgia	1915	Allegedly stealing meat from a smokehouse owned by a white man.	Jailors abandoned the jail allowing a mob to take Caesar Sheffield to a field where they shot him multiple times and left his body.[279]
Richards, John		African American	Goldsboro, North Carolina		North Carolina	January 12, 1916	murder	Taken from jail and lynched[280]
Lerma, Greonimo		Latino	Brownwood	Brown	Texas	1916	Assaulting a White woman	Greonimo was suspected to have assaulted one of the white woman in the town which led to him being shot and left dead.[281]
Buenros, Jose; Chapa, Melquiades		Latino	Brownsville	Cameron	Texas	1916	Murder of A. L. Austin and Charles Austin	The 2 Mexican men were accused of having killed A. L. Austin and his son in raids the fall of 1915, they were hanged in Cameron County Jail[282]
Newberry Six lynchings (Baskins, Rev. Josh J.; Dennis, Bert; Dennis, James; Dennis, Mary; McHenry, Andrew; and Young, Stella)	Adults	African-American	Newberry	Alachua	Florida	1916	Helping a man who had shot and killed a constable	James Dennis was shot. The others were hanged. Mary Dennis had two children and was pregnant. Stella Young had four children.[117][283]
Hoskins, Silas		African-American	Elaine, Arkansas		Arkansas	summer of 1916		"Vanished"; believed to have been killed because a white man coveted his successful saloon business. Uncle of author Richard Wright.
Lang, Ed		African-American	Rice	Navarro	Texas	1916	"Attacking a young woman."	Taken from a sheriff's posse and hanged.[284]
Anthony Crawford[285]	51	African-American	Abbeville	Abbeville	South Carolina	1916	Offensive language	Coroner's jury: "persons unknown"
Jesse Washington[286]	17	African-American	Waco	McLennan	Texas	1916	Murder	Washington confessed and a jury found him guilty. Dragged behind car, castrated, fingers cut off, ear cut off, burned alive. Professionally photographed; pictures sold as postcards. Lynching of "political value" to Sheriff and to the judge who presided over his trial. "On the way to the scene of the burning, people on every hand took a hand in showing their feelings in the matter by striking the Negro with anything obtainable, some struck him with shovels, bricks, clubs and others stabbed him and cut him until when he was strung up his body was a solid color of red."[286]^: 5
Boleta Paulo	Unknown	White (Italian American)	Greenwich Village	New York City	New York	December 14, 1916	Murderous assault	Randomly fired a revolver on a crowded street, wounding a bystander. Chased down by mob of 500 men and boys. Beaten and trampled to death.[287]
Herman Arthur and brother Irving	19 and 28-years-old	African-American	Paris, Texas	Lamar County	Texas	1917	Murder	Pulled from jail and burned alive
Daley, Starr	26	White		Pinal	Arizona	May 6, 1917	Homicide (Two murders) plus two rapes	Accused admitted guilt in trial; taken from sheriff en route to jail and hanged from a telephone pole; last lynching in Arizona
Ell Persons	about 50	African-American	Memphis	Shelby	Tennessee	May 22, 1917	Raping and killing a white girl	No charges filed.
Lation Scott	32	African-American	Dyer, Tennessee	Dyer County, Tennessee	Tennessee	1917	Rape of a white woman	Scott was tortured for 3.5 hours and then burned alive by an angry mob on Sunday December 2, 1917.[288]
15 Mexican Americans	15–50	Latino	Porvenir	Presidio	Texas	1918	Accused of Stealing and Ambushing Texas Rangers	January 28, 1918, Texas Rangers enter Porvenir and took 15 Mexican American boys and men away from the town and executed all 15 by gun shot[289]
Garcia, Florencio		Latino	Port Isabel	Cameron	Texas	1918	Robbery	Two rangers had taken Garcia into custody for a theft investigation. The next day they let Garcia go, and were last seen escorting him on a mule. Garcia was never seen again. A month after the interrogation, bones and Garcia's clothing were found beside the road where the Rangers claimed to have let Garcia go. The Rangers were arrested for murder, freed on bail, and acquitted due to lack of evidence.[290]^: 80
4 Mexicans		Latino	Douglas	Cochise	Arizona	1918	Robbery and murder	Seized from homes and Hanged[291]
McIlherron, Jim[292][293][294]		African-American	Estill Springs	Franklin	Tennessee	1918	Killing two white people	Tortured, then burned alive. Spectators came from as far as 50 miles away.
Clark, Andrew and Major; Alma and Maggie House	16, 20, 16, 20	African-American	Shubuta ("hanging bridge")	Clarke	Mississippi	1918	Alleged murder of dentist	Dentist had affairs with both sisters, who were pregnant, likely with his child; the brothers had romantic interest in the girls. After the lynching the babies were seen squirming in their mothers bellies.[295]
Taylor, George		African-American	Rolesville	Wake	North Carolina	1918	Rape of a white woman	No charges were filed.[296] There is a Web site on this lynching.[297]
Hayes Turner	25	African-American	Morven	Brooks	Georgia	1918	Accused of helping kill an abusive landowner.	Wife Mary killed next day for defending him.
Mary Turner[298]	18	African-American		Bridge joining Brooks County and Lowndes County, Georgia	Georgia	1918	Publicly opposed and threatened legal action against white people who had murdered her husband, unfairly accused (according to her) of killing an abusive landowner.	Hanged upside down from a tree, doused her in gasoline and motor oil and set her on fire. Turner was still alive when a member of the mob split her abdomen open with a knife and her unborn child fell on the ground. The baby was stomped and crushed as it fell to the ground. Turner's body was riddled with hundreds of bullets.
Thompson, Allie		African-American	Culpeper	Culpeper	Virginia	1918	Assault	[106]
Prager, Robert	30	White (German-American)	Collinsville	Madison	Illinois	1918	Socialist; sympathy to Germany during World War I	Forced to sing patriotic songs and kiss the flag, before being hanged.
Kinkkonen, Olli	38	White (Finnish-American)	Duluth	St. Louis County	Minnesota	1918	Refusal to join the military during World War I	Tarred and feathered before being hanged.
Woodson, Joel		African American	Green River	Sweatwater County	Wyoming	Dec 10, 1918	Argument with a waitress	Hanged in railroad terminal[299][300]
Jose Gonzalez and Salvador Ortez		Latino	Pueblo	Pueblo	Colorado	1919	Killing patrolman	The two Mexicans natives were accused of shooting and killing a patrolman Jeff Evans, which they were arrested and charged for. A mob broke into the jail captured and hung from the girders of a Bridge.[301]
Mosely, Sam		African-American	Florida	Columbia	Florida	1919	Accused of assaulting a white woman.	[302]
Jay Lynch	28	White	Missouri	Barton	Missouri	1919	Murder	Hanged.
Everest, Wesley	28	White	Centralia	Lewis	Washington	1919	Homicide	Hanged from a bridge during the Centralia Massacre labor conflict
Little, Wilbur		African-American	Blakely	Early	Georgia	1919	Wearing uniform of his WWI military service to the United States
Brown, Will	41	African-American	Omaha	Douglas	Nebraska	1919	Rape	Part of the Omaha race riot of 1919
Williams, Eugene		African-American	Chicago	Cook	Illinois	1919	Racial unrest	A white officer refused to arrest the murderer, and instead arrested a black man who complained about it.[303]
Robinson, Robert		African-American	Chicago	Cook	Illinois	1919	He was black, and they wanted to kill a black	Robinson was an Army Reserve veteran.[304]
Ashley, Bob		African-American	Dublin	Laurens	Georgia	1919	Hoped to shoot someone else	A group of men thought another man might be inside Ashley's house, so they shot into the house, mortally wounding Ashley.[305]
Hamilton, Eugene		African-American		Jasper	Georgia	1919	Convicted by all-white jury of attempting to shoot a white farmer; case before Georgia Court of Appeals.	Mob of 60 stopped car of sheriff who was driving him for protection to nearest large city, Macon. Driven to a bridge in Jasper County and shot to death. Governor was "livid".[306]^{: 233–234}
Cox, Obe		African-American		Oglethorpe	Georgia	1919	Accused of murdering a white farmer's wife	Taken to the scene of the crime, his body riddled with bullets and burned at the stake. Several thousand persons witnessed the scene. Controversial as the local Black communisty "thanked" the mob for just killing Cox and not attacking their community.[307]
Moore, Will		African-American	Ten Mile	Stone	Mississippi	May 20, 1919	Shooting J.H. Rogers	Lynched[308]
Jones, Paul		African-American	Macon (near)	Bibb	Georgia	1919	Attacking a white woman.	Mob of 400 found him, refused to turn him over to sheriff's deputies. Soaked in gasoline, set on fire; shot while he burned.[306]^: 241
Jameson, Jordan		African-American	Magnolia	Columbia	Arkansas	1919	Killing a sheriff	Burned to death in the public square.[306]^: 241
Walters, Lemuel		African-American	Longview	Gregg	Texas	1919	Making "indecent advances" to a white woman
Holden, George		African-American	Monroe (near)	Ouachita	Louisiana	1919	Writing a suggestive note to a white woman[309]	Mob stopped a train, dragged him off, and shot him.[306]^: 18
Wilkins, Willie		African-American		Jenkins	Georgia	1919	Friend of man believed to have killed lawman.	[306]^: 8
Ruffin, John		African-American		Jenkins	Georgia	1919	Son of man believed to have killed lawman.	[306]^: 7–8
Ruffin, Henry		African-American		Jenkins	Georgia	1919	Son of man believed to have killed lawman.	[306]^: 7–8
Walters, Lemuel		African-American	Longview	Gregg	Texas	1919	Consensual sex with white woman	The report of the affair and the subsequent coverup led to the Longview riots.[310]
Richards, Benny		African-American	Warrenton	Warren	Georgia	1919	Accused of murdering his ex-wife and shooting 5 others	300 men lynched Richards, a farmer.[311][312]
Clay, Lloyd		African-American	Vicksburg	Warren	Mississippi	1919	False rape accusation	1000 men broke through three steel doors to abduct Clay from jail before hanging, shooting, and burning him.[313]
Prince, Henry		African-American	Hawkinsville	Pulaski	Georgia	1919	Unknown	[314]
Waters, Jim		African-American		Johnson	Georgia	1919	Rape accusation	Investigation closed in one hour with no witnesses interviewed.[314]
Livingston, Frank	25	African-American	El Dorado	Union	Arkansas	1919	False murder accusation	One of many returning WWI veterans lynched in 1919.[315]
Washington, Berry	72	African-American	Milan	Dodge and Telfair	Georgia	1919	Defended black girls from white home invaders.	Many black homes burned to discourage citizens from coming forward[316]
Chilton Jennings	28	African-American	Gilmer	Upshur County	Texas	1919	Assaulted a white women, Mrs. Virgie Haggard	He was arrested and a mob of about 1,000 white people stormed the jail and broke down the door with sledgehammers. A noose was placed around his neck and he was dragged by horse to the town square where he was hanged.[317] Four people were later arrested for the lynching, murder indictments were served for Willie Howell, Charlie Lansdale, Fritz Boyd, and Francis Flanagan.[318][319][320]
Phifer, Miles (or Relius)		African-American	Montgomery	Montgomery	Alabama	1919	Assault of a white woman	Was wearing military uniform[321]
Temple, Will		African-American	Montgomery	Montgomery	Alabama	1919	Killing a police officer	[321]
Miles Phifer, Robert Crosky and John Temple		African-American	Montgomery	Montgomery	Alabama	1919	Assault of a white woman	[321]
Hartfield, John		African-American	Ellisville	Jones	Mississippi	June 26, 1919	Assaulting a young white woman	"The biggest newspaper in the state, Jackson Daily News, carried headlines announcing the exact time and place of the coming orgy.[322] Ten thousand people answered the paper's invitation and they were addressed by the District Attorney, T. W. Wilson, while the lynching was going on."[323]^: 9[324]
Paul, Jones		African-American	Macon		Georgia	Nov 2, 1919	Assault of a white woman	Hanged/shot/burned in railyard.[325][326]

1920–1929

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
Thomas, Wade		African-American	Jonesboro	Craighead	Arkansas	1920	Killing a policeman	Taken from jail by a mob, hanged, then riddled with bullets.[327]
Gathers, Phillip		African-American		Effingham	Georgia	1920	Murder
Scott, Henry		African American	Bartow	Polk	Florida	1920	He asked a white woman to wait until he had prepared another woman's train berth	Shot[328]
Daniels, Lige	16–18	African-American	Center	Shelby	Texas	August 3, 1920	Accused of murdering a white woman.	Taken from jail by a mob of approximately 1,000 to the town square and hanged[329][330]
Clayton, Elias, Elmer Jackson, and Isaac McGhie	20–23	African-American	Duluth	St. Louis	Minnesota	June 15, 1920	Rape of a teenage girl	Taken from jail by mob, given mock trials, beaten and hanged from light-post.[331] Three members of the mob received prison terms of up to 5 years for rioting, albeit none of them were convicted of murder.
Belton Roy	18	White	Tulsa	Tulsa	Oklahoma	1920	Suspicion of murder of cab driver	[332]
July Perry[333]	52	African-American	Ocoee	Orange	Florida	1920	Sign on body: "This is what we do to niggers that vote."	Prosperous black farmer. See Ocoee massacre.
Cade, Henry	25	African-American	Sour Lake	Texas	Texas	1921	Rape of an 8 year old white girl	Taken from jail and hanged by a mob[334]
Eley, Jesse	46	African-American	Murfreesboro	Hertford	North Carolina	1921	Owned a 50 arch farm which caused jealousy from some white neighbors.	Jesse Eley was returning from the market in Murfreesboro, North Carolina. He bought some grain for his cattle. He had two workers riding with him in his horse-drawn wagon. As he reached the outskirts of town, he entered a path that went into a wooded area. Several men were hiding in the woods entrance waiting for him. As his wagon entered the woods, the men stopped Jesse. They began beating him and eventually hanged him on a tree. Jesses workers took off running. One of them ran back to Jesses farm to let the family know what was happening. The family got a horse-drawn buggy and went to rescue him. By the time they got there, Jesse was barely alive. They found him because he raised one of his legs in the air to let them know where he was. Jesse had a hole in his head, and his stomach was cut open. His throat was seizing up because of the hanging. As they put him into the buggy, he died. [335] [336]
Lowry, Henry ("a negro sharecropper")		African-American	Nodena	Mississippi	Arkansas	1921	Asked for his wages	Burned to death; crowd of 500[323]^: 3
Brownie Tuggles		African-American	Hope	Hempstead County	Arkansas	March 15, 1921	Assaulting a white woman
Hackney, "Curly"	30	White	Waco	McLennan	Texas	1921	Rape of an 8-year-old girl	Taken from jail and hanged by a mob[337]
William Turner	18	African-American	Helena	Phillips County, Arkansas	Arkansas	November 18, 1921	Alleged assault of 15-year-old white girl	Shot, dragged to the park doused in gasoline and lit on fire
Rouse, Fred	33	African-American	Fort Worth	Tarrant County	Texas	December 11, 1921	Shot two	While hired as a strikebreaker for a whites-only union he was attacked and shot two union protesters.
Manuel Cabeza	34	Hispanic	Key West	Monroe	Florida	December 25, 1921	Was in a relationship with an African American woman	Shot a man who tarred and feathered him (because of his common law marriage); Lynched by Ku Klux Klan
Bill McAllister		African-American	Near the border of Williamsburg and Florence Counties	Florence	South Carolina	January 8, 1922	Was in a relationship with a white woman	Bill McAllister was killed by gunshot. The news of this lynching did not reach the national media until January 8, 1922, and so is recorded as the first lynching of 1922 in America.[338] The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary recorded five lynching incidents recorded in December 1921, none of which in South Carolina
Lincoln Hickson		African-American	Near the border of Williamsburg and Florence Countie	Florence County	South Carolina	January 8, 1922	Was in a relationship with a white woman	Lincoln Hickson was reportedly killed by gunfire but other sources say he survived the lynching
Willie Jenkins		African-American	Eufaula	Barbour	Alabama	January 10, 1922	Dispute with his boss' wife. Newspapers reported that he "insulted a white woman."	Shot
Jake Brooks		African-American	Oklahoma City	Oklahoma County	Oklahoma	January 14, 1922	Working as a strike breaker	Hanged. Five men later pleaded guilty to Brooks's murder and were each sentenced to life in prison.
Charles Strong		African-American	Mayo	Lafayette County	Florida	January 17, 1922	Participated in a shooting that killed mailman W.R. Taylor	Hanged
William Arthur Bell	20	African-American	Pontotoc	Pontotoc County	Mississippi	January 29, 1922	Assault of a white woman	Shot
Unidentified	20	African-American	Pontotoc	Pontotoc County	Mississippi	January 29, 1922	Assault of a white woman	Shot[339]
Drew Conner/Connor	22–23	White	Bolinger	Choctaw County	Alabama	January 28, 1922	Unknown	A charred body, of a white man, was discovered on January 28, 1922, by H.T. Raines. Investigators determined that he was burned a few weeks earlier. The body was strung between two trees and a large pile of wood was piled around him. It was reported that the body was most likely Drew Connor who went missing since Christmas 1921 but the only clues to the identity were some coverall buttons found in the ash.[339][340]
Will Thrasher		African-American	Crystal Springs	Copiah County	Mississippi	February 1, 1922	Assault of white woman	Hanged
John Harrison	38	African-American	Malvern	Hot Spring County	Arkansas	February 2, 1922	Harassing white women	Shot[339]
Manuel Duarte		Hispanic	Cameron County	Cameron County	Texas	February 2, 1922	Refused to leave farm	Shot for not leaving the farm where he worked
P. Norman		African-American	Texarkana, Arkansas	Miller County	Arkansas	February 11, 1922	Forced a deputy to drive at gunpoint	Pulled from a car and shot our times by masked men.[339]
Will Jones	28	African-American	Ellaville	Schley County	Georgia	February 13, 1922	Unknown	Shot
William Baker		African-American	Aberdeen	Monroe County	Mississippi	March 8, 1922	Assault on white girl	Hanged
Alfred Williams		African-American	Harlem	Columbia County	Georgia	March 12, 1922	Assault with a firearm	Alfred Williams was lynched on March 12, 1922, in Harlem, Georgia for allegedly shooting and wounding L.O. Anderson, a white farmer. Anderson recovered from his wounds
Brown Culpepper		White	Holly Grove	Franklin Parish	Louisiana	March 13, 1922	Unknown	Brown Culpepper was living in Holly Grove, Louisiana with his two kids, his wife having moved to Natchez two years earlier. On Saturday, March 11, 1922, a party of unmasked men came to the house he was staying at, when they did not find him they went to the house of J.R. Hutto where Culpepper was visiting. They called for him to come out but when he didn't they stormed into the house and shot Culpepper dead. Sheriff Jesse Gilbert of Winnsboro arrested eight people for involvement in the murder, P. M. Usery Sr., Albert Farrington, P. M. Usery Jr., J. C. Farrington, Charley Parson, George Wactor, Charlie Calendor and Eugene Bradshaw.[339][341]
Jerry Ingram		African-American	Crawford	Lowndes County	Mississippi	March 17, 1922	Assuaalt on white woman	The wife of a popular farmer, Mrs Dewey, was attacked. She was able to yell for help and the attacker fled. Bloodhounds found a man, Jerry Ingram, 8 miles (13 km) from the scene of the attack and he was lynched.[342][343]
Unidentified Man		White	Okay	Wagoner County	Oklahoma	March 19, 1922		Body of a man chained/tied to a tree was discovered in the Arkansas River near Okay, Oklahoma. He was wearing clothes of "an excellent grade" and had a handkerchief with the initial "B"[344][345][339]
Tompkins, George	19	African American	Indianapolis	Marion	Indiana	1922	No Accusation Made	Memorial Service Marked the 100th Anniversary of the Event in 2022[346]
Alexander Smith	60	African-American	Gulfport	Harrison County	Mississippi	March 22, 1922	Ran, "a house of ill fame"	Hanged
McKinley "Snap" Curry, H. Varney (or Johnnie Cornish), Mose Jones, Tom Cornish	McKinley "Snap" Curry (23) Johnny Cornish (19) Mose Jones (46) Tom Cornish	African-American	Kirvin	Freestone County	Texas	May 6, 1922	Murder of white, 17-year-old Eula Ausley	The two white men, Claude and Audey Prowell, who were initially arrested, were released and the sheriff released a statement that they were not involved in the murder of Eula Ausley.[2] Author Monte Akers in his book Flames After Midnight: Murder, Vengeance and the Desolation of a Texas Community, concluded that McKinley "Snap" Curry conspired with Claude and Audey Prowell to kill and murder Eula Ausley and that Mose Jones and Johnny Cornish were innocent. Tom Cornish was killed on May 8, 1922
Thomas Early (aka Thomas Early, Jim Earlie)	25	African-American	Plantersville	Grimes County	Texas	May 17, 1922	Assault of white woman	Burned
Charles Atkins	15	African-American	Davisboro	Washington County	Georgia	May 18, 1922	Murder of white woman	Burned
Hullen Owens		African-American	Texarkana	Bowie County	Texas	May 19, 1922	Murder	Hanged (body burned)
Joe Winters	20	African-American	Conroe	Montgomery County	Texas	May 20, 1922	Assault of white 14-year-old	Burned
Mose Bozier	60	African-American	Alleyton	Colorado County	Texas	May 20, 1922	Assault of a white woman	Hanged
Gilbert Wilson		African-American	Bryan	Brazos County	Texas	May 23, 1922	Stealing cattle	Beaten to death
Jesse Thomas	23	African-American	Waco	McLennan County	Texas	May 26, 1922	Assault of white woman and murder of her companion	Shot (body burned)
William Byrd		African-American	Brentwood	Wayne County	Georgia	May 28, 1922	Manslaughter	Shot (body burned)
Robert Collins		African-American	Summit	Pike County	Mississippi	June 20, 1922	Assault of a young white woman	Hanged
Warren Lewis	17	African-American	New Dacus	Montgomery County	Texas	June 23, 1922	Assault of a white woman	Hanged
James Harvey and Joe Jordan		African-American	Lanes Bridge	Liberty County	Georgia	July 1, 1922	Assault of employer's wife	Hanged
Philip Tankard		African-American	Belhaven	Beaufort County	North Carolina	July 5, 1922	Rioting	Tankard was shot to death after riots following a July 4 celebration by J.F. Burrows who was deputized to help put down the riots.[339][347]
Joe Pemberton		African-American	Benton	Bossier Parish	Louisiana	July 7, 1922	Shot two Black women	Joe Pemberton was in the Bossier Parish jail in Benton, Louisiana for shooting two Black women. A white mob surrounded the jail and overpowered Deputy Sheriff J.A. Wilson, and took Pemberton. His body was later found hanging from a tree in Black Bayou swamp, 2 miles (3.2 km) from Benton.[348][349][339]
Jake "Shake" Davis	62	African-American		Miller County	Georgia	July 14, 1922	Consenual relationship with 26-year-old Ethel Skittel	Hanged by white mob. After the event the Miller County Liberal wrote that "hundreds of the citizens throughout the county regret this lynching. Many have said [Ethel Skittel] was guiltier than was Jake."[339]
Oscar Mack	29-years-old during the lynching attempt	African-American	Lake Jennie Jewel	Orange County	Florida	July 19, 1922	Shooting death of two white men	Mack was reported to be lynched by many sources.[339] However, he was able to escape and died at 67-years-old in Ohio.
William Anderson		African-American	Moultrie	Colquitt County	Georgia	July 24, 1922	Assaulting a white 15-year-old girl	Three men had seized William Anderson and chained him inside a car. While waiting to drop him off to the police outside the Moultrie, Georgia jail, an unknown man jumped in and sped off. Andersen's bullet-ridden body was later found a few miles away next to the Ellenton, Georgia Reedy Creek Baptist Church. The Colquit county grand Jury was called into special session today to investigate the people behind the lynching but was quickly adjourned due to lack of evidence.[350][351][339]
John West	50	African-American	Guernsey	Hempstead County	Arkansas	July 28, 1922	Fight over West using a drinking cup	The newspaper The Little River News reported that West was probably shot and killed "after he flourished a pistol and threatened the men who intended only to whip him."[352][339]
Gilbert Harris	28	African-American	Hot Springs	Garland County	Arkansas	August 1, 1922	Killing of Maurice Connelly (insurance solicitor) in a burglary gone wrong	A white mob some 500 strong broke into the jail seized Gilbert Harris after overpowering the police in the public square (actually a triangle shape in front of the Como hotel). Even though Harris had a history of break and enters he professed his innocence. The mob later took the corpse back and laid it in the jail.[353][354][339]
John Glover	35	African-American	Holton	Bibb County	Georgia	August 2, 1922	Manslaughter of Deputy Sheriff Walter C. Byrd	Beaten, tied to a tree, riddled with bullets and lit on fire. Corpse was displayed in the Black community of Macon.
Bayner Blackwell		African-American	Swansboro	Onslow County	North Carolina	August 6, 1922	Murder of Cy Jones	Onslow Sheriff claims he wasn't lynched, rather run out of town. The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary report claims he was shot.[339]
John Steelman	35	African-American	Lambert	Quitman County	Mississippi	August 23, 1922	Assault on a white woman, Mrs. Bruce White	Mr Bruce White had hired Steelman for some work. White and Steelman ate breakfast at White's house and then walked to the work site. Steelman made an excuse and returned to White's house where he allegedly attacked Mrs. Bruce White. Her yelling alerted a Black field hand who had rund away after Mrs. White started screaming. A mob then hunted him down and even though he had a gun where able to capture him. John Steelman was tied to a stake wood piled around him and then the pyre was ignited by Mrs. Bruce White.[339][355][356]
Thomas Rivers	25	African-American	Bossier Parish	Bossier Parish	Louisiana	August 30, 1922	Assault of a white woman	When Thomas River was arrested the community threatened to lynch him. He was being moved to the Benton jail when a mob overpowered the officers and took River. His body was found hanging near the Shreveport-Bossier highway about 12 miles (19 km) from Shreveport, Louisiana.[357][358][339]
F. Watt Daniels and Thomas F. Richards		White	Mer Rouge	Morehouse Parish	Louisiana	August 1922	Spoke out against KKK activities	Ku-Klux Klan kidnapped the men on August 24, 1922, and the bodies were discovered in nearby Lake Lafourche on December 24, 1922
Jim Reed Long		African-American	Winder	Barrow County	Georgia	September 2, 1922	Attack of a white woman, 19-year-old Ms. Violet Wood daughter of Rev. John H. Wood	Ms. Violet was visiting the house of her aunt, Ms. Pearl Saunders, when she interrupted a burglary allegedly undertaken by Jim Reed Long. Startled to find Wood in the house he struck her with an iron bar. After his arrest, a mob quickly gathered in Winder demanding that Long be handed over. Sheriff Camp was able to get Long out of the Barrows county jail in Winder but when he was taking him to Atlanta, he was stopped on the roads, overpowered and Jim Reed Long was taken by a mob and hanged.[359][360][361] Some reports say by the Ku-Klux Klan.[339] News media of the time repeated that the lynching was "orderly conducted."[361][360]
O.J. Johnson		African-American	Newton	Newton County	Texas	September 7, 1922	Johnson was twice tried with killing a Turpentine camp foreman four years earlier	Hanged from a tree
Jim Johnston		African-American	Held in Sandersville jail Lynched on Cedar Creek bridge, 3 miles (4.8 km) from Wrightsville	Held in Washington County jail Lynched on Cedar Creek bridge in Johnson County	Georgia	September 28, 1922	Assault of a white woman	A mob had gathered in Sandersville and so Deputy Sheriff Davis and Nixon were driving Johnson to Wrightsville when a posse of 50 men overpowered the deputies and seized Johnson. Hanged on the Cedar Creek bridge, he and his body was riddled with bullets.[362][363][339]
Grover C. Everett		African-American	Abilene	Taylor and Jones Counties	Texas	September 28, 1922	Unknown	Shot in his hotel room by four people
John Brown		African-American	Montgomery	Montgomery County	Alabama	October 3, 1922		A race riot broke out on October 3, 1922, after African-American Joe Terell was arrested in connection with the murder of George Tilson who in turn was searching for a Black assailant that killed white policeman Albert Sansom. African-American Edward Pearl was killed in the race rioting.[364] The report on the lynchings of 1922 by the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, lists John Brown as being lycnhed on October 3, 1922, in Montgomery,[339] but newspaper reports write that he was seized, questioned and released.[365][366]
George and Ed Hartley		White	Camden	Benton County	Tennessee	October 20, 1922	Manslaughter of Connie Hartley, nephew of Ed Hartley	Shot
Elias V. Zarate		Hispanic	Weslaco	Hidalgo County	Texas	November 11, 1922	Fight between co-worker, J.L. Sullivan, in which Sullivan's arm was broken	Shot
Cupid Dickson		African-American	Madison	Madison County	Florida	December 5, 1922		Shot
Wright, Charles, Albert Young and an unidentified Black man		African-American	Perry	Taylor	Florida	1922	Murder of white teacher	Escaped convict Wright was taken from sheriff by a large mob, tortured into confession, and burned at the stake. Two other suspects were shot and hanged. Several African American community buildings and homes were burned in the Perry race riot.[367][368]
Less Smith	25	African-American	Morrilton	Conway County	Arkansas	December 9, 1922	Murder of Granville Edward Farish	Deputy sheriff Granville Edward Farish was trying to collect a debt from Smith when a scuffle broke out. In the fight, Farish smashed a bottle over his Smith's head where upon Smith shot him in the stomach. Smith was arrested and a white mob soon gathered. When officials tried to move Smith to another jail he was seized, hanged from a tree and his body riddled with bullets. When the body was taken to the undertaker the mob burst in to view the body.[369][339]
George Gay	25	African-American	Streetman	Freestone and Navarro Counties	Texas	December 11, 1922	Accused of assaulting white 20-year-old Miss Florine Grayson	Florine Grayson could not positively identify George Gay when he was brought before her. The mob ignored this, chained him to a tree and shot him around 300 times.
Scott, James T.	35–56	African-American	Columbia	Boone	Missouri	1923	Assaulting a 14 year old white girl	Accused of detaining and beating the daughter of a professor at the University of Columbia, where Scott worked as a janitor. Lynched by a mob of over 100 men. Memorial plaque erected 2016.[370][371]
Wilson, Abraham		African-American	Newberry	Alachua	Florida	1923	Cattle stealing	Serving 6-month sentence when taken from jail and hanged.[117][372]
Carter, Sam	45	African-American	Rosewood	Levy	Florida	1923	Sexual assault of a white woman	Falsely accused, tortured, shot, then hung by white mob which went on a rampage burning homes and killing several other people.
Simmons, Henry		African-American	Palm Beach	Palm Beach	Florida	June 7, 1923	Killing of police officer	A police officer stopped "three negroes in regards to the butchering of a turtle" on June 3, 1923. After a struggle the officer was shot and described the assailants before dying 3 days later. A lynch mob first seized James Sands, who was beaten before one of the mob declared he was "not the one". Sands was released. The mob later seized Henry Simmons from a boarding house in West Palm Beach. His body was found the morning of June 7, 1923, at a location on Barton Road on Palm Beach Island, a short distance from The Breakers. The body was shot multiple times and hung from a tree close to where the officer was shot.
Bell, William	33	African-American	Chicago	Cook	Illinois	1924	Accosting two girls	Beaten to death by a mob in a Jewish neighborhood. The girls, when questioned by police, admitted they were unsure if Bell was in fact the same man who had accosted them. The only lynching in Chicago history.[373]
Smith, Samuel	15	African-American	Nashville	Davidson	Tennessee	1924	Robbed a grocery store and shot the white owner.	Taken out of his hospital room in Nashville and lynched by a mob of masked men where he was first caught.[374]
L. Q. Ivy		African-American	Rocky Ford (Etta)	Union	Mississippi	1925	Rape	Burned at the stake[375]
Jordan, James	Adult	African-American	Waverly	Sussex	Virginia	1925	Married woman "attacked" in her home.	The case and two others helped lead to the Virginia Anti-Lynching Law of 1928, the first state law against lynching.[376][377]
Willie Washington		African-American	St. Louis	Duval	Florida	1925		Murdered by a local policeman, Washington's body was later displayed in the county courthouse.[378]
Marshall, Robert		African-American	Price	Carbon	Utah	1925	Accused of killing a white guard	The allegation was based on the testimony of two young boys who said they saw a black man running from the scene of the crime. Marshall was lynched in front of a crowd of 1,000. When the sheriff arrived, he cut Marshall down and was putting him in the car when Marshall made noise indicating he was alive. The mob shouted to lynch him again. Afterward, Marshall's body was put on display in the funeral parlor and photos of the lynching were sold door-to-door for 25 cents. In 1998 the community provided a headstone for him.[379]
Buddington, George	55	African-American	Waldo	Alachua	Florida	1926	Attempted to collect debt from a white woman at gunpoint	Mob broke lock on jail, took Buddington out of town and shot him to death.[117][380]
Four Mexican Americans and an Austrian man		Latino, White (Austrian)	Raymondville	Willacy	Texas	1926	Murder	All five were shot after an ambush happened[381]
Clark, James		African-American	Eau Gallie	Brevard	Florida	July 11, 1926	Rape of a white girl	Taken from law officers and lynched. No attempt to verify crime nor identify murderers: last known lynching in Brevard County[382][383][384]
Nelson, Samuel		African-American	Delray Beach	Palm Beach	Florida	September 26–27, 1926	Assaulting a white woman	Nelson was arrested on September 26, 1926 in Delray Beach on charges of assaulting a white woman in Miami. The following morning, the jail door was found torn open and the cell was empty. Later, a body identified as Nelson was found on a canal bank four miles west, with multiple gunshot wounds. The Delray Beach Chief of Police later testified to the City Council that they had refused to release the prisoner to a stranger claiming to be an official from Miami, however the prisoner was counted in the cell as of midnight September 26. The Police department was declared "free of blame of neglect" by the City Council. The culpability of the accused suspect for the crime in Miami, 55 miles away, was called into question as a major hurricane had struck eight days earlier, hampering travel.
Lowman, Bertha, Lowman, Demon, Lowman, Clarence	27, 22, 14	African-American	Aiken vicinity	Aiken	South Carolina	October 8, 1926	Alleged murder of the sheriff	After the second day of a retrial, they were taken from the jail to the outskirts of Aiken and shot with a large crowd in attendance.[385]
Selak, Fred N.	61	White	Grand Lake	Grand	Colorado	1926	None	Murdered in part because of a fencing dispute, but also to steal money thought to be stashed on his property.[386]
Payne, Tom[387]		African-American	Willis	Montgomery County	Texas	February 1, 1927		Arrested in connection with a suspected assault and murder, he was taken by a white mob and hanged from a tree.[388]
Carter, John[389]	38	African-American	Little Rock	Pulaski	Arkansas	1927	None	No charges filed; "mob" responsible.
Fox, Jim[390]		African-American	Louisville	Winston County	Mississippi	June 26, 1927	Murder	Arrested along with brother Mark in connection with a suspected murder of a white man, he was taken by a white mob, tied to a telephone pole with barbed wire, and burned.[391]
Fox, Mark[390]		African-American	Louisville	Winston County	Mississippi	June 26, 1927	Murder	Arrested along with brother Jim in connection with a suspected murder of a white man, he was taken by a white mob, tied to a telephone pole with barbed wire, and burned.[391]
Ratliff, Marshall		White	Cisco	Eastland County	Texas	December 23, 1927	Bank robbery	Robbed a bank with three accomplices while dressed as Santa Claus. Ensuing shootout(s), manhunt, capture, and lynch mob. His hands and feet were bound, and he was hanged with rope thrown over a guy-wire between two telephone poles in a vacant lot behind a movie theater.
Benavides, Rafael		Latino	Farmington	San Juan	New Mexico	1928	Attacking a White man wife	Rafael was a Mexican Sheep Herder who was accused by the police to have attacked a White Mans wife. The police then went to arrest Mr. Benavides who they shot for resisting arrest. They rushed him to the hospital where three men had called the hospital asking if the Mexican was being guarded by authorities which the nurse confirmed he wasn't. The three men later on snuck into the hospital, kidnapped the man where they later hung from a tree near an abandoned ranch.[392]
Bearden, James		Black	Brookhaven	Lincoln	Mississippi	1928	Argued with White men over debt	Dragged behind car, hanged[393]
Bearden, Stanly		Black	Brookhaven	Lincoln	Mississippi	1928	Argued with White men over debt	Dragged behind car, hanged[393]

1930–1949

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
Unknown male		African-American	Marion	Crittenden	Arkansas	1930s	Teaching the black children of Marked Tree, Arkansas to read	Burned, sign posted "run niggers run!".[394]
Wilkins, John H.		African-American	Locust Grove, Georgia		Georgia	April 18, 1930	Smiling at a white woman	This Pullman Porter was dragged off his train and lynched[395] A protest manifesto mentioning his lynching and two others had a cropped picture of a lynched African American.[396] This cropped photograph is taken from one of an African American lynched/hanged from a telephone pole in a railyard (Georgia(?);[326] it is unknown if the original photo is of Wilkins.
Green, Allen	50	African-American	Walhalla vicinity	Oconee	South Carolina	April 24, 1930	Alleged criminally assaulted white woman	After severely injuring the sheriff, the victim was taken from the county jail, tied to a tree outside the city, and shot multiple times by a crowd of about 100 men.[397]
Jenkins, Dan	22	African-American	Union vicinity	Union	South Carolina	June 21, 1930	Alleged raped a white woman	Captured by local citizens and identified by the woman, he was shot by a mob of about 150. The governor had been notified of the potential lynching and ordered out the National Guard, which arrived twenty minutes too late.[398]
Grant, George		African-American	Darien	McIntosh	Georgia	1930	Killing a police officer, and wounding three other people	Sheriff: "I don't know who killed the nigger and I don't give a damn."[323]^: 10
Thomas Shipp	18	African-American	Marion	Grant	Indiana	1930	Robbery of white couple, homicide, rape	Lynch mob of thousands broke into jail and took Shipp, Abram Smith and James Cameron. The mob hung the first two up in a tree. Cameron was released by the mob but was convicted of accessory and served time, later becoming an activist and founding the America's Black Holocaust Museum.[399]
Abram Smith	19	African-American	Marion	Grant	Indiana	1930	Robbery of white couple, homicide, rape	Lynch mob of thousands broke into jail and took Smith, Thomas Shipp and James Cameron. The mob hung the first two up in a tree. Cameron was released by the mob but was convicted of accessory and served time, later becoming an activist and founding the America's Black Holocaust Museum.[399]
Moore, Oliver	29	African-American		Edgecombe	North Carolina	August 19, 1930	Alleged sexual improprieties with two young white girls	Hanged and shot by mob who broke into jail[400]
Hughes, George		African-American	Sherman	Grayson	Texas	1930	Pled guilty to criminal assault.	Courthouse stormed (during trial), burned down with Hughes locked in vault, fire hoses cut. Body then dragged behind car and hanged, and fire lit under it. Followed by riot and destruction of black businesses. Two persons received two-year sentences for violence.[401]
Charles Wright [399]	21	African-American	Rosewood	Levy	Florida	1930	Homicide during holdup of white man; rumors of rape	No charges filed.
Parker, John		African-American	Conway	Faulkner	Arkansas	1931	Stealing some peaches	[323]< <^: 4
Mendiola, Higinio	46	Latino	Edinburg	Hildalgo	Texas	1931	None	A mob of 7 people hung Higinio from a tree near his home to make it appear that he had committed suicide in order to collect insurance for his death.[402]
Gunn, Raymond		African-American	Maryville	Nodaway	Missouri	1931	Murdering a white woman	Burned to death. National Guard stood by and watched.[323]^: 10
Wise, Mrs.		African-American	Frankfort (Frankford?)		Virginia (West Virginia?)	1931	Objected to her daughter being taken out for "rides" with white Klansmen.	[323]^: 8
Charles Bannon	22	White	Schafer	Williams County	North Dakota	1931	for murdering his employer and family	Mob broke into jail and hung him from a bridge[403]
Williams, Matthew	23	African-American	Salisbury	Wicomico	Maryland	1931	Killing his employer	Taken forcibly from hospital. No indictment despite numerous witnesses.[323]^: 9–10
Tillis, Dave		African-American	Crockett	Houston	Texas	1932	"Demanded an accounting from his landlord. Charged with 'entering the bedroom of a white woman'".	[323]^: 4–5
Thompson, Shedrick (also spelled "Shamrock")	39	African-American	rural	Fauquier	Virginia	1932	Assault and rape.
Lawrence, Elizabeth		African-American	rural	Jefferson	Alabama	1933	Reprimanding a group of white children	[404]
Armwood, George	23	African-American	Princess Anne	Somerset	Maryland	1933	Attempted assault and rape	Grand jury declined to indict any of the lynchers identified by State Police. Last lynching in Maryland.
Holmes, John, and Thomas Thurmond	29 27	White	San Jose	Santa Clara	California	1933	Kidnapping and murder of department store heir Brooke Hart	An estimated 10,000 people witnessed the lynching. California Governor James Rolph called the act "a fine lesson for the whole nation."[405]
Micou, Reuben	65	African-American	Louisville	Winston	Mississippi	1933	Accused of getting into an altercation with a white man.	Abducted from jail by a mob. Micou's injuries suggested he was whipped before being shot multiple times.[406]
Claude Neal	23	African-American	Greenwood	Jackson	Florida	1934	Rape and murder of 19 year old white female	Lynchers said he "didn't deserve a trial". Castrated, forced to consume his genitals, stabbed, burned with hot irons, toes and fingers removed, hanged, body tied behind automobile. Followed by Marianna riots. Important case in helping to bring lynching to an end.
Johnson, Robert	40	African-American	Tampa	Hillsborough	Florida	1934	Assault on white woman	Investigators determined charges against Johnson were meritless, then released him to a lynch mob.[407][408]
Higginbotham, Elwood	28	African-American	Oxford	Lafayette	Mississippi	1935	Killed in self-defense a white man that attacked him after he complained about the white man's cattle running over his field.	Killed when jury did not bring back guilty verdict promptly. Widow and extended family immediately left Mississippi.[409]
Bert Moore and Dooley Morton	26	African-American	Columbus, Mississippi		Mississippi	July 13, 1935		[410]
Reuben Stacey (also found as Rubin Stacy)	37	African-American	Fort Lauderdale	Broward	Florida	July 19, 1935	Threatening and frightening a white woman with a pen knife	Law enforcement officer; grand jury refused to indict.[411][412][413] In 2022, a two-mile stretch of Davie Boulevard in Fort Lauderdale was renamed Rubin Stacy Memorial Boulevard.[414][415]
Johnson, Clyde			Yreka	Siskyou	California	August 3, 1935	Killing of Police Chief Frank R. Daw[416]	Dunsmuir Police Chief Frank Daw was shot and killed on July 29, 1935, when he confronted an armed robbery suspect. Johnson, the alleged perpetrator, was removed from the Siskiyou County Jail and was hung from a tree near Yreka.[417]
Roosevelt Townes and Robert McDaniels		African-American	Duck Hill	Montgomery	Mississippi	1937	Pair suspected in the robbery and shooting of a shopkeeper.	Tied to a tree and tortured with blowtorches to extract a confession. McDaniels shot, Townes burned alive. Photos of the lynching made the national media.[418]
Goodin, Albert	35	African-American	Covington, Tennessee		Tennessee	Aug 16, 1937	Shooting a police officer	Taken from sheriff by 100 men and Lynched from Bridge over Beaver Creek; body recovered from river by Sherriff Deputies.[419]
Lynching of Richard Ponder and Ernest Hawkins	18	African-American	Tallahassee, Florida		Florida	July 19, 1937	Broke into a store, accused of attacking a police officer with a knife	Locked up in Leon County Jail after confessing to breaking and entering; four masked men kidnapped the two from the jail, shot them dozens of times, and put warnings to other African-Americans where the bodies laid.[420]
Williams, Elbert		African-American	Brownsville	Haywood	Tennessee	1940	Registering to vote and starting an NAACP chapter.	Last reported lynching in Tennessee.[421]
Thornton, Jesse	26	African-American	Luverne	Crenshaw County	Alabama	1940	Failure to address a white cop as "mr."
Green, Ernest, and Charlie Lang	14, 15	African-American	Shubuta ("hanging bridge")	Clarke	Mississippi	1942	Attempted rape.	[422]^: 101
Wright, Cleo	26	African-American	Sikeston	Scott	Missouri	1942	Home invasion, attempted murder, attempted rape, resisting arrest	Around 100 black people left Sikeston and never returned.[423]
Harrison, Cellos	31	African-American	Marianna	Jackson	Florida	1943	Murder of a white man.	Awaiting new trial after conviction overturned on appeal.
Willie James Howard[424]	15	African-American	Live Oak	Suwannee	Florida	1944	Sending Christmas card with "a note expressing his affection" to a white girl.	Forced to jump to his death in the Suwanee River. Grand jury refused to indict.
Moore's Ford lynchings (George W. and Mae Murray Dorsey; Roger and Dorothy Malcom)	Adults	African-American		Walton	Georgia	1946	Stabbing of a white man (Roger Malcom)	Huge investigation. 2003 and 2016 books on this investigation. No one charged.
Willie Earle	24	African-American	Greenville	Greenville	South Carolina	1947	Killing of taxi driver	31 suspects charged; all acquitted.
Robert Mallard	38	African-American	Lyons, Georgia	Toombs County, Georgia	Georgia	1948	Voting and prosperity	Car surrounded by 20 Ku Klux Klan members. Car was shot at with pistols.

1950–1975

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
Council, Lynn	about 19	African-American	near Raleigh	Wake	North Carolina	1952	Robbery	He survived. Newspapers treat it as a lynching. Council has received apologies from the law enforcement agencies involved.
Banks, Isadore	59	African-American	Marion	Crittenden	Arkansas	1954	Being prosperous	[425]
Till, Emmett	14	African-American	Money	LeFlore	Mississippi	1955	Flirting with white woman	Beaten and mutilated before shooting him in the head and sinking his body in the Tallahatchie River. Perpetrators acquitted by all-white jury, then openly admitted they did it. Historical markers shot and defaced 2006–2018.[426]
Parker, Mack Charles	22 or 23	African-American	Bridge over Pearl River between Mississippi and Louisiana	Pearl River	Mississippi	1959	Rape and kidnapping of a white woman; charges possibly fabricated.	No one indicted.
Chaney, James, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner	21, 20 and 24	African-American, White and White	Philadelphia	Neshoba	Mississippi	1964	Civil rights worker	A federal jury in 1967 convicted the sheriff and six others of conspiracy to violate civil rights; they received minor punishment. A state jury in 2005 found the Ku Klux Klan organizer, Edgar Ray Killen, guilty of three counts of manslaughter; he died in prison. National outrage contributed to passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Morris, Frank	49–50	African-American	Ferriday	Concordia	Louisiana	1964	"Flirting" with white females	[427]^: 152
Rembert, Winifred	19	African-American	Cuthbert	Randolph	Georgia	1965	Fighting with deputy while in jail for stealing car to get away from two men shooting at him.	Survived. As of 2019, Rembert is a successful leatherwork artist. He has had at least two documentary films made about his story.[428][429][430][431][432]
Pyszko, Marian	54	Polish Jew	Detroit	Wayne	Michigan	1975	None.	Killed by youths with concrete block during riot. Four of his killers were charged with first-degree murder.

1976–1999

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
Gardner, Betty	33	African-American	St. Helena Island	Beaufort	South Carolina	1978	None (one of the perpetrators hated black people).	Two white men (cousins John Arnold and John Plath) were convicted of Gardner's murder. Arnold and Plath were sentenced to death and executed via lethal injection in 1998.
Benny Higdon, Robert Owens, and Charles Barreca		White	Miami	Miami-Dade County	Florida	1980		Killed by African American mob during the 1980 Miami riot.
Donald, Michael	19	African-American	Mobile	Mobile	Alabama	1981	None (Klan looked to kill a black man because accused killer of white policeman got mistrial).	Three Klansmen (Henry Hays, James Knowles, and Benjamin Cox) were convicted of Donald's murder. Henry Hays was sentenced to death and executed in the electric chair in 1997. James Knowles and Benjamin Cox were sentenced to life in prison. A civil suit against the United Klans of America caused their bankruptcy.
Turks, Willie	34	African-American	New York City	Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn	New York	1982	Drove through a majority-white neighborhood between his subway maintenance shifts.	Turks and two other black subway employees were attacked by 15 to 20 assailants who shouted racial epithets. Gino Bova, 18 at the time, was sentenced to 5 to 15 years in prison for manslaughter. Justice Sybil Hart Kooper said at the sentencing: "There was a lynch mob on Avenue X that night. The only thing missing was a rope and a tree."[433][434]
Vincent Jen Chin	27	Chinese Asian	Highland Park	Wayne County	Michigan	June 19, 1982	Being asian during a time where Japan was cutting into the profits of Detroit automakers.	Two white men working for the Chrysler plant, supervisor Ronald Ebens and his stepson Michael Nitz assaulted Chin outside of a Mcdonalds with a baseball bat following a brawl that took place at a strip club. A witness described them using anti-Asian racial slurs as they attacked him, ultimately beating him to death.
Majors, Kerrick	14	African-American	Nashville	Davidson	Tennessee	1987	Accidentally broke a $2 vase at a flea market.	Three white perpetrators (Donald Middlebrooks, Tammy Middlebrooks, and Roger Brewington) were convicted of Major's murder. Donald Middlebrooks was sentenced to death and remains on death row. Tammy Middlebrooks and Roger Brewington were sentenced to life as they were juveniles at the time of the crime.
Seraw, Mulugeta	28	Ethiopian	Portland	Multnomah County	Oregon	November 13, 1988	None (white supremacists).
Hawkins, Yusef	16	African-American	New York City	Bensonhurst, Brooklyn	New York	1989	Either mistaken as or randomly targeted in place of another black teenager who was dating a local girl.	Hawkins' murder became a major political issue during the 1989 New York City mayoral election season and, alongside the lynchings of Willie Turks and Michael Griffith, played a role in the unseating of incumbent mayor Ed Koch.
Yankel Rosenbaum	29	Australian Jew	New York City	Crown Heights, Brooklyn	New York	1991	Being Jewish.	Rosenbaum, a student from Australia, was stabbed to death by a mob as part of the Crown Heights riot.[435] Both New York Senator Daniel Moynihan and New York City Mayor David N. Dinkins called the killing a lynching. Dinkins said: "I think that the death of Yankel Rosenbaum was a lynching, as was Yusuf Hawkins. No question. Whatever term one gives to these kinds of vicious murders, that's what it is."[436]
Wilson, Christopher	28	African-American	Valrico, Florida	Hillsborough County, Florida	Florida	January 1, 1993	None.	Three white men kidnapped Wilson and set him on fire.[437]
Byrd Jr., James	49	African-American	Jasper	Jasper	Texas	1998	None (white supremacists).	Dragged to death behind a car, until his head hit a culvert. Perpetrators convicted; two executed, one to life imprisonment.

21st century

Name	Age	Ethnicity	City	County or Parish	State	Year	Accusation	Comment
Anderson, James Craig	47	African-American	Jackson	Hinds	Mississippi	2011	"Stealing" his own car	Beaten, run over with a truck. Driver convicted of murder, ten convicted of hate crimes.
Arbery, Ahmaud	25	African-American	Satilla Shores	Glynn	Georgia	2020	Burglary	Chased down and shot. Perpetrators convicted of felony murder and one with malice murder

Notes

Briscoe was seized at the New Bridge over the Magothy River while being transported from Jacobsville to Annapolis, and was hanged beside the road. The place was said to be "very lonely and far from any habitation."[55]

Bibliography

Kentucky

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[30 Years of Lynching 1889–1918 gives surnames as "Smith"]
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without Sanctuary picture #71 and without Sanctuary picture #72
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With out Sanctuary picture #2 and The Waxahachie daily light. [volume], February 29, 1908, Image 1; in regard to a 2nd reported lynching March 28, 1908– newspaper account reported that in Magnolia, Texas a young white woman was knocked down, her clothing torn and she was almost criminaly assaulted by an unnamed negro; the Sherriff coming to the scene found two negroes shot (one killed) see The new South-news., March 28, 1908, Image 2
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[255] Associated Press, see Nashville Banner February 7, 1913 pg. 1

[256] Lincoln, NE, Star February 9, 1913 p. 1

[257] .g. San Francisco Call, February 9, 1913 p. 26

[258] New York Sun, February 9, 1913 p. 1, Oakland CA Tribute February 9, pg. 43

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[260] .g. Lincoln Star February 9, 1913 p. 1

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[274] "Unos Enmascarados Lo Cuelgan". El regidor. San Antonio, Texas: Pablo Cruz. August 4, 1915. p. 6. ISSN 2640-5202. OCLC 744677189. Retrieved April 8, 2022.

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