Michael Stich

Michael Detlef Stich (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪçaːʔeːl ˈʃtɪç] ; born 18 October 1968) is a German former professional tennis player. He won the men's singles title at Wimbledon in 1991, the men's doubles titles at both Wimbledon and the Olympic Games in 1992, and was a singles runner-up at the 1994 US Open and the 1996 French Open. Stich won 18 singles titles and ten doubles titles. His career-high singles ranking was world No. 2, achieved in 1993.

Michael Stich
Stich in 2003
Country (sports) Germany[notes 1]
ResidenceElmshorn, Germany
Born (1968-10-18) 18 October 1968
Pinneberg, West Germany
Height1.93 m (6 ft 4 in)
Turned pro1988
Retired1997
PlaysRight-handed (one-handed backhand)
Prize money$12,592,483
Int. Tennis HoF2018 (member page)
Singles
Career record385–176 (68.6%)
Career titles18
Highest rankingNo. 2 (22 November 1993)
Grand Slam singles results
Australian OpenSF (1993)
French OpenF (1996)
WimbledonW (1991)
US OpenF (1994)
Other tournaments
Tour FinalsW (1993)
Grand Slam CupW (1992)
Olympic Games2R (1992)
Doubles
Career record162–111
Career titles10
Highest rankingNo. 9 (22 March 1991)
Grand Slam doubles results
Australian OpenQF (1992)
French Open3R (1989, 1991)
WimbledonW (1992)
US OpenQF (1991)
Team competitions
Davis CupW (1993)
Hopman CupW (1993)
Medal record
Olympic Games – Tennis
Gold medal – first place1992 BarcelonaMen's doubles

Career

Stich was raised in Elmshorn, Schleswig-Holstein. He turned professional in 1988 and won his first top-level singles title in 1990 at Memphis, Tennessee.

Stich won Wimbledon in 1991. He defeated the defending champion and world No. 1 Stefan Edberg in the semifinals, 4–6, 7–6, 7–6, 7–6, without breaking his service once. Then in the final, he beat his compatriot and three-time Wimbledon champion Boris Becker in straight sets.[1]

In 1992, Stich teamed with John McEnroe to win the men's doubles title at Wimbledon in a five-set, five-hour final that stretched into Monday (the day after the tournament normally ends) and ended with a 19–17 set. No male player since has won both singles and doubles at Wimbledon.[1] Then at the Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona, Stich teamed with Becker to win the men's doubles gold medal. Stich also won the 1992 Grand Slam Cup, defeating Michael Chang in the final.

A major highlight of 1993 for Stich came at the end-of-year ATP World Championships, where he was the only player in the 1990s history of the Championship tournament to claim the title undefeated, overcoming Pete Sampras in the final.[2] Playing for Germany, Stich also won both the Davis Cup and the Hopman Cup in 1993.

He reached his second Grand Slam singles final at the 1994 US Open, where he lost in straight sets to Andre Agassi. Stich also helped Germany win the World Team Cup in 1994.

He upset defending champion Thomas Muster in four sets in the fourth round of the 1996 French Open en route to appearing in his third and final Grand Slam singles final, where he lost to Yevgeny Kafelnikov in straight sets. He also won his final career singles title that year at Antwerp. His last doubles title came in 1997 at Halle.

Stich's all-round ability, both from the baseline and at the net, allowed him to become one of the few players to win both singles and doubles tournaments on all surfaces. He is one of only five players of his generation to have a positive career head-to-head record against Sampras.[3]

Stich announced his retirement from the professional tour in 1997, after Wimbledon. His last run at Wimbledon started with a win over US top-ten player Jim Courier and ended with a five-set loss to Cédric Pioline in the semifinals.

Since his retirement, he has devoted most of his time to his AIDS foundation. He also works as a tennis commentator for the BBC. In 2018, he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.[4] Stich was married to the German actress Jessica Stockmann from 1992 to 2003. In 2005, he married Alexandra Rikowski. They live in Hamburg.

Grand Slam finals

Singles: 3 (1–2)

Result Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Win1991WimbledonGrassGermany Boris Becker6–4, 7–6(7–4), 6–4
Loss1994US OpenHardUnited States Andre Agassi1–6, 6–7(5–7), 5–7
Loss1996French OpenClayRussia Yevgeny Kafelnikov6–7(4–7), 5–7, 6–7(4–7)

Doubles: 1 (1–0)

Result Year Championship Surface Partner Opponents Score
Win1992WimbledonGrassUnited States John McEnroeUnited States Jim Grabb
United States Richey Reneberg
5–7, 7–6(7–5), 3–6, 7–6(7–5), 19–17

Other significant finals

Singles: 1 (1–0)

Result Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Win 1993 ATP Tour World Championships Carpet (i) United States Pete Sampras 7–6(7–3), 2–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–2

Grand Slam Cup finals: 2 (1–1)

Result Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Win 1992 Grand Slam Cup Carpet (i) United States Michael Chang 6–2, 6–3, 6–2
Loss 1993 Grand Slam Cup Carpet (i) Czechoslovakia Petr Korda 6–2, 4–6, 6–7(5–7), 6–2, 9–11

Olympic men's doubles final

Result Year Tournament Surface Partner Opponents Score
Gold 1992 Barcelona Olympics Clay Germany Boris Becker South Africa Wayne Ferreira
South Africa Piet Norval
7–6(7–5), 4–6, 7–6(7–5), 6–3

Singles: 3 (2–1)

Result Year Tournament Surface Opponent Score
Loss1992HamburgClaySweden Stefan Edberg7–5, 4–6, 1–6
Win1993HamburgClayRussia Andrei Chesnokov6–3, 6–7(1–7), 7–6(9–7), 6–4
Win1993StockholmCarpet (i)Croatia Goran Ivanišević4–6, 7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–3), 6–2

Doubles: 3 (1–2)

Result Year Tournament Surface Partner Opponents Score
Loss1990HamburgClayGermany Udo RiglewskiSpain Sergi Bruguera
United States Jim Courier
6–7, 2–6
Win1992Monte CarloClayGermany Boris BeckerCzechoslovakia Petr Korda
Czechoslovakia Karel Nováček
3–6, 6–1, 6–4
Loss1992HamburgClayGermany Carl-Uwe SteebSpain Sergio Casal
Spain Emilio Sánchez
7–5, 4–6, 3–6

Career finals

Singles: 31 (18–13)

Legend
Grand Slam (1–2)
Year-end championships (1–0)
Grand Slam Cup (1–1)
ATP Masters Series (2–1)
ATP Championship Series (3–3)
ATP World Series (10–6)
Finals by surface
Hard (4–4)
Grass (4–1)
Clay (3–5)
Carpet (7–3)
Result No. Date Tournament Surface Opponent Score
Win 1. Mar 1990 Memphis, US Hard Australia Wally Masur 6–7(5–7), 6–4, 7–6(7–1)
Loss 1. Jan 1991 Adelaide, Australia Hard Sweden Nicklas Kulti 3–6, 6–1, 2–6
Loss 2. Jan 1991 Sydney, Australia Hard France Guy Forget 3–6, 4–6
Loss 3. Feb 1991 Memphis, US Hard (i) Czech Republic Ivan Lendl 5–7, 3–6
Win 2. Jul 1991 Wimbledon, UK Grass Germany Boris Becker 6–4, 7–6(7–4), 6–4
Win 3. Jul 1991 Stuttgart Outdoor, Germany Clay Argentina Alberto Mancini 1–6, 7–6(11–9), 6–4, 6–2
Win 4. Aug 1991 Schenectady, US Hard Spain Emilio Sánchez 6–2, 6–4
Win 5. Oct 1991 Vienna, Austria Carpet (i) Netherlands Jan Siemerink 6–4, 6–4, 6–4
Loss 4. May 1992 Hamburg, Germany Clay Sweden Stefan Edberg 7–5, 4–6, 1–6
Win 6. Jun 1992 Rosmalen, Netherlands Grass United States Jonathan Stark 6–4, 7–5
Win 7. Dec 1992 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) United States Michael Chang 6–2, 6–3, 6–2
Win 8. Feb 1993 Stuttgart, Germany Carpet (i) Netherlands Richard Krajicek 4–6, 7–5, 7–6(7–4), 3–6, 7–5
Loss 5. May 1993 Munich, Germany Clay United States Ivan Lendl 6–7(2–7), 3–6
Win 9. May 1993 Hamburg, Germany Clay Russia Andrei Chesnokov 6–3, 6–7(1–7), 7–6(9–7), 6–4
Win 10. Jun 1993 London (Queen's Club), UK Grass South Africa Wayne Ferreira 6–3, 6–4
Loss 6. Jul 1993 Stuttgart, Germany Clay Sweden Magnus Gustafsson 3–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 4–6
Win 11. Aug 1993 Basel, Switzerland Hard (i) Sweden Stefan Edberg 6–4, 6–7(5–7), 6–3, 6–2
Win 12. Nov 1993 Stockholm, Sweden Carpet (i) Croatia Goran Ivanišević 4–6, 7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–3), 6–2
Win 13. Nov 1993 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt Carpet (i) United States Pete Sampras 7–6(7–3), 2–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–2
Loss 7. Dec 1993 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) Czech Republic Petr Korda 6–2, 4–6, 6–7(5–7), 6–2, 9–11
Win 14. Feb 1994 Rotterdam, Netherlands Carpet (i) South Africa Wayne Ferreira 4–6, 6–3, 6–0
Win 15. May 1994 Munich, Germany Clay Czech Republic Petr Korda 6–2, 2–6, 6–3
Win 16. Jun 1994 Halle, Germany Grass Sweden Magnus Larsson 6–4, 4–6, 6–3
Loss 8. Sep 1994 US Open, New York Hard United States Andre Agassi 1–6, 6–7(5–7), 5–7
Loss 9. Oct 1994 Vienna, Austria Carpet (i) United States Andre Agassi 6–7(4–7), 6–4, 2–6, 3–6
Loss 10. Feb 1995 Stuttgart, Germany Carpet (i) Netherlands Richard Krajicek 6–7(4–7), 3–6, 7–6(8–6), 6–1, 3–6
Loss 11. May 1995 Munich, Germany Clay South Africa Wayne Ferreira 5–7, 6–7(6–8)
Loss 12. Jun 1995 Halle, Germany Grass Switzerland Marc Rosset 6–3, 6–7(11–13), 6–7(8–10)
Win 17. Aug 1995 Los Angeles, US Hard Sweden Thomas Enqvist 6–7(7–9), 7–6(7–4), 6–2
Win 18. Feb 1996 Antwerp, Belgium Carpet (i) Croatia Goran Ivanišević 6–3, 6–2, 7–6(7–5)
Loss 13. Jun 1996 French Open, Paris Clay Russia Yevgeny Kafelnikov 6–7(4–7), 5–7, 6–7(4–7)

Doubles: 16 (10–6)

Legend
Grand Slam (1–0)
Tennis Masters Cup (0–0)
Olympic Gold Medal (1–0)
ATP Masters Series (1–2)
ATP Championship Series (1–1)
ATP World Series (6–3)
Finals by surface
Hard (3–2)
Grass (3–1)
Clay (3–2)
Carpet (1–1)
Result No. Date Tournament Surface Partner Opponents Score
Win 1. Oct 1989 Basel, Switzerland Hard (i) Germany Udo Riglewski Italy Omar Camporese
Switzerland Claudio Mezzadri
6–3, 4–6, 6–0
Loss 1. Feb 1990 Memphis, US Hard (i) Germany Udo Riglewski Australia Darren Cahill
Australia Mark Kratzmann
5–7, 2–6
Loss 2. May 1990 Hamburg, Germany Clay Germany Udo Riglewski Spain Sergi Bruguera
United States Jim Courier
6–7, 2–6
Win 2. May 1990 Munich, Germany Clay Germany Udo Riglewski Czech Republic Petr Korda
Czech Republic Tomáš Šmíd
6–1, 6–4
Win 3. Jun 1990 Rosmalen, Netherlands Grass Switzerland Jakob Hlasek United States Jim Grabb
United States John McEnroe
7–6, 6–3
Loss 3. Aug 1990 Long Island, US Hard Germany Udo Riglewski France Guy Forget
Switzerland Jakob Hlasek
6–2, 3–6, 4–6
Win 4. Oct 1990 Vienna, Austria Carpet (i) Germany Udo Riglewski Mexico Jorge Lozano
United States Todd Witsken
6–4, 6–4
Win 5. Jan 1991 Memphis, US Hard (i) Germany Udo Riglewski Australia John Fitzgerald
Australia Laurie Warder
7–5, 6–3
Loss 4. Feb 1991 Philadelphia, US Carpet (i) Germany Udo Riglewski United States Rick Leach
United States Jim Pugh
4–6, 4–6
Win 6. Apr 1992 Monte Carlo, Monaco Clay Germany Boris Becker Czech Republic Petr Korda
Czech Republic Karel Nováček
6–4, 6–4
Loss 5. May 1992 Hamburg, Germany Clay Germany Carl-Uwe Steeb Spain Sergio Casal
Spain Emilio Sánchez
7–5, 4–6, 3–6
Loss 6. Jun 1992 Rosmalen, Netherlands Grass United States John McEnroe United States Jim Grabb
United States Richey Reneberg
4–6, 7–6, 4–6
Win 7. Jul 1992 Wimbledon, London Grass United States John McEnroe United States Jim Grabb
United States Richey Reneberg
5–7, 7–6, 3–6, 7–6, 19–17
Win 8. Aug 1992 Summer Olympics, Barcelona Clay Germany Boris Becker South Africa Wayne Ferreira
South Africa Piet Norval
7–6, 4–6, 7–6, 6–3
Win 9. Aug 1993 Los Angeles, US Hard South Africa Wayne Ferreira Canada Grant Connell
United States Scott Davis
7–6, 7–6
Win 10. Jun 1997 Halle, Germany Grass Germany Karsten Braasch South Africa David Adams
South Africa Marius Barnard
7–6, 6–3

Performance timelines

Singles

Key
W  F  SF QF #R RR Q# DNQ A NH
(W) winner; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (DNQ) did not qualify; (A) absent; (NH) not held; (SR) strike rate (events won / competed); (W–L) win–loss record.
Tournament1988198919901991199219931994199519961997 SR W–L
Grand Slam tournaments
Australian Open A A 3R 3R QF SF 1R 3R A 2R 0 / 7 16–7
French Open A 2R 2R SF 3R 4R 2R 4R F A 0 / 8 22–8
Wimbledon A 1R 3R W QF QF 1R 1R 4R SF 1 / 9 25–8
US Open A 1R 2R QF 2R 1R F 4R 2R A 0 / 8 15–8
Win–loss 0–0 1–3 6–4 17–3 11–4 12–4 7–4 8–4 10–3 6–2 1 / 32 78–31
Year-end championships
ATP Finals Did not qualify RR DNQ W Did not qualify 1 / 2 5–3
Grand Slam Cup Not Held DNQ SF W F DNQ 1R DNQ 1 / 4 9–3
National representation
Summer Olympics A Not Held 2R Not Held A NH 0 / 1 1–1
Davis Cup A A QF SF PO W SF SF QF A 1 / 6 21–9
Grand Prix ATP Masters Series
Indian Wells A A A SF SF 2R A 3R A A 0 / 4 8–4
Miami A A 2R 4R A 4R A 2R A A 0 / 4 5–4
Monte Carlo A A 1R A QF 2R 3R 2R A 2R 0 / 6 5–6
Rome A A A 1R 1R A QF A 2R A 0 / 4 4–3
Hamburg A 1R 1R SF F W SF 3R A 2R 1 / 8 18–7
Canada A A 2R A A A A QF A A 0 / 2 3–2
Cincinnati A A A A A QF SF SF A A 0 / 3 8–3
Stockholm1 A A A 2R 3R W QF A 2R A 1 / 5 9–4
Paris A A QF A 3R QF 2R A 1R A 0 / 5 6–5
Win–loss N/A 0–1 5–5 10–5 11–6 16–5 13–5 7–6 2–3 2–2 2 / 40 66–37
Career statistics
Titles 0 0 1 4 2 6 3 1 1 0 18
Finals 0 0 1 7 3 9 5 4 2 0 31
Year-end ranking 269 100 42 4 15 2 9 12 16 64

1 Held as Stockholm Masters until 1994, Stuttgart Masters from 1995 onward.

Doubles

Tournament1988198919901991199219931994199519961997 SR W–L
Grand Slam tournaments
Australian Open A A 1R QF 1R A 1R A A A 0 / 4 3–4
French Open A 3R 2R 3R A A A A A A 0 / 3 5–3
Wimbledon A 1R 2R 1R W 3R SF A A A 1 / 6 13–5
US Open A 1R 1R QF SF 3R A A A A 0 / 5 9–5
Win–loss 0–0 2–3 2–4 8–4 10–2 4–2 4–2 0–0 0–0 0–0 1 / 18 30–17
National representation
Summer Olympics A not held G not held A NH 1 / 1 4–0
Davis Cup A A QF SF PO W SF SF QF A 1 / 6 14–2
Career statistics
Titles 0 1 3 1 3 1 0 0 0 1 10
Finals 0 1 6 2 5 1 0 0 0 1 16
Year-end ranking 216 73 27 27 16 76 89 156 359 206

Top 10 wins

Season19871988198919901991199219931994199519961997Total
Wins00017614362039
# Player Rank Event Surface Rd Score
1990
1. United States Brad Gilbert 9 Paris, France Carpet (i) 3R 6–4, 6–4
1991
2. Sweden Stefan Edberg 1 Hamburg, Germany Clay QF 6–2, 7–6(7–4)
3. Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Goran Ivanišević 8 World Team Cup, Düsseldorf Clay RR 6–3, 6–4
4. United States Jim Courier 4 Wimbledon, United Kingdom Grass QF 6–3, 7–6(7–2), 6–2
5. Sweden Stefan Edberg 1 Wimbledon, United Kingdom Grass SF 4–6, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–2)
6. Germany Boris Becker 2 Wimbledon, United Kingdom Grass F 6–4, 7–6(7–4), 6–4
7. United States Jim Courier 3 Davis Cup, Kansas City Clay (i) RR 6–4, 7–5, 6–4
8. France Guy Forget 7 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) QF 7–6(10–8), 6–4
1992
9. Germany Boris Becker 4 Hamburg, Germany Clay SF 6–1, 6–1
10. United States Pete Sampras 3 World Team Cup, Düsseldorf Clay RR 6–7(6–8), 6–2, 6–4
11. Sweden Stefan Edberg 2 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) 1R 7–6(7–4), 6–7(4–7), 8–6
12. Netherlands Richard Krajicek 10 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) QF 7–6(7–4), 7–5
13. United States Pete Sampras 3 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) SF 7–6(7–3), 7–6(7–5), 3–6, 7–6(7–2)
14. United States Michael Chang 6 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) F 6–2, 6–3, 6–2
1993
15. United States Ivan Lendl 7 Hamburg, Germany Clay QF 6–3, 6–2
16. Sweden Stefan Edberg 3 World Team Cup, Düsseldorf Clay RR 6–2, 6–0
17. Germany Boris Becker 4 Queen's Club, United Kingdom Grass QF 6–4, 7–6(7–2)
18. Czechoslovakia Petr Korda 10 Wimbledon, United Kingdom Grass 4R 7–6(7–4), 6–4, 7–6(7–3)
19. Sweden Stefan Edberg 5 Davis Cup, Borlänge Clay (i) RR 6–1, 6–1
20. Sweden Stefan Edberg 5 Basel, Switzerland Hard (i) F 6–4, 6–7(5–7), 6–3, 6–2
21. Sweden Stefan Edberg 6 Stockholm, Sweden Carpet (i) QF 1–6, 6–2, 6–4
22. Croatia Goran Ivanišević 10 Stockholm, Sweden Carpet (i) F 4–6, 7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–3), 6–2
23. Ukraine Andriy Medvedev 6 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt Carpet (i) RR 6–3, 6–4
24. United States Michael Chang 7 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt Carpet (i) RR 4–6, 7–6(7–3), 6–2
25. United States Jim Courier 2 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt Carpet (i) RR 7–5, 6–4
26. Croatia Goran Ivanišević 8 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt Carpet (i) SF 7–6(7–2), 7–6(12–10)
27. United States Pete Sampras 1 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt Carpet (i) F 7–6(7–3), 2–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–2
28. Sweden Stefan Edberg 5 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) SF 2–6, 3–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–1
1994
29. United States Pete Sampras 1 World Team Cup, Düsseldorf Clay RR 3–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–2
30. Spain Sergi Bruguera 6 World Team Cup, Düsseldorf Clay F 2–6, 6–4, 6–3
31. Spain Sergi Bruguera 4 Davis Cup, Halle Grass RR 7–6(7–4), 5–7, 7–5, 6–2
1995
32. Croatia Goran Ivanišević 5 Davis Cup, Karlsruhe Hard (i) RR 7–6(7–3), 4–6, 6–1, 6–4
33. Germany Boris Becker 3 Stuttgart, Germany Carpet (i) SF 6–0, 6–3
34. Netherlands Richard Krajicek 10 Davis Cup, Utrecht Hard (i) RR 3–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4
35. Sweden Magnus Larsson 10 World Team Cup, Düsseldorf Clay RR 7–5, 7–6(7–5)
36. United States Pete Sampras 2 Cincinnati, United States Hard QF 6–7(5–7), 7–6(7–3), 6–1
37. Russia Yevgeny Kafelnikov 6 Davis Cup, Moscow Clay (i) RR 6–1, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4
1996
38. Croatia Goran Ivanišević 9 Antwerp, Belgium Carpet (i) F 6–3, 6–2, 7–6(7–5)
39. Austria Thomas Muster 2 French Open, Paris Clay 4R 4–6, 6–4, 6–1, 7–6(7–1)

Record against No. 1 players

Stich's match record against players who have been ranked world No. 1.

Player Years Matches Record Win % Hard Clay Grass Carpet
Australia Patrick Rafter 1994–1995 2 2–0 100% 2–0 0–0 0–0 0–0
Chile Marcelo Ríos 1994 1 1–0 100% 1–0 0–0 0–0 0–0
Sweden Mats Wilander 1991 1 1–0 100% 1–0 0–0 0–0 0–0
United States Jimmy Connors 1990–1992 4 3–1 75% 2–1 1–0 0–0 0–0
Sweden Stefan Edberg 1991–1996 16 10–6 63% 1–3 5–1 1–0 3–2
Austria Thomas Muster 1992–1996 5 3–2 60% 0–0 2–2 0–0 1–0
United States Jim Courier 1990–1997 12 7–5 58% 2–2 1–2 2–0 2–1
United States Pete Sampras 1991–1995 9 5–4 56% 1–1 2–1 0–1 2–1
United States John McEnroe 1990–1992 2 1–1 50% 0–1 0–0 1–0 0–0
Germany Boris Becker 1990–1996 12 4–8 33% 0–1 1–0 2–1 1–6
Russia Yevgeny Kafelnikov 1993–1997 11 3–8 27% 1–1 1–4 0–1 1–2
Czech Republic/United States Ivan Lendl 1989–1993 7 1–6 14% 0–3 1–1 0–1 0–1
United States Andre Agassi 1990–1994 6 0–6 0% 0–3 0–1 0–0 0–2
Total 1989–1997 88 41–47 47% 11–16 14–12 6–4 10–15

Notes

  1. West Germany prior to 1990

References

  1. "Michael Stich: thirty years on". Wimbledon.com. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
  2. ATP World Tour Finals#Records and statistics
  3. "FedEx ATP Head 2 Head – Tennis – ATP World Tour". Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
  4. "International Tennis Hall of Fame". Tennisfame.com. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
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