1953 Philippine Senate election

Elections for the members of the Senate were held on November 10, 1953 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Elpidio Quirino of the Liberal Party lost his opportunity to get a second full term as President of the Philippines to former Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay of the Nacionalista Party. Quirino's running mate, Senator Jose Yulo lost to Senator Carlos P. Garcia. Vice President Fernando Lopez did not run for re-election and ran for the Senate instead, in which he emerged as the candidate with the most votes. This was the first time that an elected president did not come from the Senate. To further compound the Liberal Party's woes, they also failed to win any seats in the Senate in this election.

1953 Philippine Senate election

November 10, 1953

8 (of the 24) seats in the Senate
13 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party
 
Leader Eulogio Rodriguez Quintin Paredes
Party Nacionalista Liberal
Seats before 11 11
Seats after 13 7
Seat change Increase 2 Decrease 4
Popular vote 9,813,166 8,861,244
Percentage 39.8% 36.0%
Swing Decrease 19.2% Decrease 3.0%

  Third party Fourth party
 
Leader Fernando Lopez Lorenzo Tañada
Party Democratic NCP
Seats before 0 1
Seats after 2 1
Seat change Increase 2 Steady
Popular vote 3,793,654 2,156,717
Percentage 15.4% 8.8%
Swing Increase 15.4% Increase 8.8%

Senate President before election

Jose Zulueta
Nacionalista

Elected Senate President

Eulogio Rodriguez
Nacionalista

The Citizens' Party and the Democratic Party caucused with the Nacionalistas to provide them the majority in the Senate.

Retiring incumbents

All senators whose seats were up contested the election.

Mid-term vacancy

  1. Emiliano Tria Tirona (Liberal), died on April 8, 1952

Other changes

  1. Claro M. Recto (Nacionalista) won an electoral protest against Senator Teodoro de Vera (Liberal) in the Senate Electoral Tribunal. Recto was seated on April 3, 1953.

Incumbents running elsewhere

These ran in the middle of their Senate terms. For those losing in their respective elections, they can still return to the Senate to serve out their term, while the winners will vacate their Senate seats, then it would have been contested in a special election concurrently with the next general election.

  1. Carlos P. Garcia (Nacionalista), ran for vice president and won

Results

The Nacionalista Party won five seats contested in the election, with the Democratic Party winning two, and the Citizens' Party winning one.

Nacionalista Eulogio Rodriguez and Lorenzo Tañada of the Citizens' Party both defended their Senate seats. The four Liberal senators whose seats were up in this election were defeated: Camilo Osias, Geronima Pecson, Pablo Angeles y David and Vicente Madrigal. Felixberto Verano, who won a special election in 1951, was the sole Nacionalista defeat.

Three winners are neophyte Nacionalista senators: Alejo Mabanag, Edmundo B. Cea and Emmanuel Pelaez.

Incumbent vice president and Democrat Fernando Lopez returned to the Senate after serving from 1947 to 1949. Mariano Jesús Cuenco, who was defeated in the last election, made a comeback in the Senate, this time under the banner of the Nacionalistas.

Senator Carlos P. Garcia of the Nacionalistas was elected vice president in concurrent elections; his seat will be vacant until 1955 when it would have been contested in a special election.

123456789101112131415161718192021222324
Before election ‡^
Election result Not up CP DP NP Not up
After election + + + + + * ^

Key:

  • ‡ Seats up
  • + Gained by a party from another party
  • √ Held by the incumbent
  • * Held by the same party with a new senator
  • ^ Vacancy

Per candidate

 Summary of the November 10, 1953 Philippine Senate election result
Rank Candidate Party Votes %
1 Fernando Lopez Democratic 2,272,64252.5%
2 Lorenzo Tañada NCP 2,156,71749.8%
3 Eulogio Rodriguez Nacionalista 2,071,84447.9%
4 Emmanuel Pelaez Nacionalista 2,010,12846.5%
5 Edmundo B. Cea Nacionalista 1,961,70545.3%
6 Mariano Jesús Cuenco Nacionalista 1,853,24742.8%
7 Alejo R. Mabanag Nacionalista 1,846,19042.7%
8 Ruperto Kangleon Democratic 1,521,01235.2%
9Geronima Pecson Liberal1,349,16331.2%
10Camilo Osías Liberal1,324,56730.6%
11Jose Figueroa Liberal1,194,95227.6%
12Vicente Madrigal Liberal1,155,57726.7%
13José Avelino Liberal1,012,59923.4%
14Jacinto O. Borja Liberal968,84122.4%
15Salipada K. Pendatun Liberal945,75521.9%
16Pablo Angeles y David Liberal909,79021.0%
17Felixberto Verano Nacionalista59,7821.4%
18Jose Maria Veloso Nacionalista10,2700.2%
19Alfredo AbcedeFederal5,3650.1%
20Concepcion R. Lim de Planas Independent4,4390.1%
Total turnout4,326,70677.2%
Total votes24,634,585N/A
Registered voters5,603,231100.0%
Note: A total of 20 candidates ran for senator. Source:[1]

Per party

The seat vacated by the death of Emiliano Tria Tirona in 1952 was disputed in this election.

The Nacionalistas originally had 14 seats entering the 3rd Congress, but the election of Senator Carlos P. Garcia to the vice presidency meant that his seat is vacant until 1955, when it was contested in a special election.

PartyVotes%+/–Seats
UpBeforeWonAfter+/−
Nacionalista Party9,813,16639.83−19.22311513+2
Liberal Party8,861,24435.97−3.0431107−4
Democratic Party3,793,65415.40New0022New
Citizens' Party2,156,7178.75New11110
Federal Party5,3650.02New00000
Independent4,4390.02+0.0000000
Vacancy1100−1
Total24,634,585100.008248240
Total votes4,326,706
Registered voters/turnout5,603,23177.22
Source: Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos (15 November 2001).
Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific
. ISBN 9780199249596.

& Julio Teehankee. "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph.
Vote share
NP
39.83%
LP
35.97%
DP
15.40%
CP
8.75%
Others
0.04%
Senate seats
NP
62.50%
LP
0.00%
DP
25.00%
CP
12.50%
Others
0.00%

See also

References

  1. Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos, Jr. (2001). Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz and Christof Hartmann (ed.). Elections in Asia and the Pacific Vol. II. Oxford University Press. pp. 185–230. ISBN 0199249598.
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