Zirconium(IV) sulfate

Zirconium(IV) sulfate is the name for a family of inorganic salts with the formula Zr(SO4)2(H2O)n where n = 0, 4, 5, 7. These species are related by the degree of hydration. They are white or colourless solids that are soluble in water.

Zirconium(IV) sulfate
Names
Other names
zirconium disulfate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ECHA InfoCard 100.035.162
RTECS number
  • ZH9100000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2H2O4S.Zr/c2*1-5(2,3)4;/h2*(H2,1,2,3,4);/q;;+4/p-4
    Key: ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J
  • [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Zr+4]
Properties
Zr(SO4)2(H2O)x ( x = 0, 4, 5, 7)
Molar mass 285.35 g/mol (anhydrous)
355.40 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
Appearance white solids
Density 3.22 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.85 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
52.5 g/100 mL (tetrahydrate)
1.646
Structure
orthorhombic
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
3500 mg/kg (rat, oral)[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Preparation and structure

Zirconium sulfate is prepared by the action of sulfuric acid on zirconium oxide:

ZrO2 + 2 H2SO4 + H2O → Zr(SO4)2(H2O)x

The anhydrous sulfate is also known.

These compounds adopt complex structures featuring 7- and 8-coordinated Zr centres. Both water and sulfate serve as ligands.[2][3]

Uses

Zirconium sulfate is used in tanning white leather, as a catalyst support, to precipitate proteins and amino acids, and as a pigment stabilizer.

References
  1. "Zirconium compounds (as Zr)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. Bear, Isabel J.; Mumme, W. G. "Crystal chemistry of zirconium sulfate. III. Structure of the β-pentahydrate, Zr2(SO4)4(H2O)8.2H2O, and the interrelationship of the four higher hydrates" Acta Crystallogr. 1969. B25, 1572-1581. doi:10.1107/S0567740869004341
  3. Squattrito, Philip J.; Rudolf, Philip R.; Clearfield, Abraham "Crystal structure of a complex basic zirconium sulfate" Inorganic Chemistry 1987, vol. 26, 4240-4.doi:10.1021/ic00272a020


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