1760

1760 (MDCCLX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1760th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 760th year of the 2nd millennium, the 60th year of the 18th century, and the 1st year of the 1760s decade. As of the start of 1760, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1760 by topic
Arts and science
  • Archaeology
  • Architecture
  • Art
  • Literature
  • Poetry
  • Music
  • Science
Countries
  • Austria
  • Canada
  • Denmark
  • France
  • Great Britain
  • Ireland
  • Norway
  • Russia
  • Scotland
  • Sweden
Lists of leaders
  • State leaders
  • Colonial governors
  • Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
  • Births
  • Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments
Works category
  • Works
1760 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1760
MDCCLX
Ab urbe condita2513
Armenian calendar1209
ԹՎ ՌՄԹ
Assyrian calendar6510
Balinese saka calendar1681–1682
Bengali calendar1167
Berber calendar2710
British Regnal year33 Geo. 2 – 1 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar2304
Burmese calendar1122
Byzantine calendar7268–7269
Chinese calendar己卯年 (Earth Rabbit)
4456 or 4396
    — to —
庚辰年 (Metal Dragon)
4457 or 4397
Coptic calendar1476–1477
Discordian calendar2926
Ethiopian calendar1752–1753
Hebrew calendar5520–5521
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1816–1817
 - Shaka Samvat1681–1682
 - Kali Yuga4860–4861
Holocene calendar11760
Igbo calendar760–761
Iranian calendar1138–1139
Islamic calendar1173–1174
Japanese calendarHōreki 10
(宝暦１０年)
Javanese calendar1685–1686
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4093
Minguo calendar152 before ROC
民前152年
Nanakshahi calendar292
Thai solar calendar2302–2303
Tibetan calendar阴土兔年
(female Earth-Rabbit)
1886 or 1505 or 733
    — to —
阳金龙年
(male Iron-Dragon)
1887 or 1506 or 734
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1760.
June 4: Evangeline commemorates the Expulsion of the Acadians.

Events

January–March
  • January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas.
  • January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the French under the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau.[1]
  • January 28 – Benning Wentworth creates the New Hampshire Grant of Pownal, Vermont.
  • February 15 – The British Royal Navy ship HMS Royal Katherine runs aground off Bolt Head in England, with the loss of 699 lives.
  • February 21–26 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland – A force of French troops, under the command of privateer François Thurot, captures and holds the town and castle of Carrickfergus before retiring; the force is defeated (and Thurot killed) in a naval action in the Irish Sea, on February 28.[2]
  • February 27 – Seven Years' War: French and Indian War & Anglo-Cherokee War – Cherokee natives attack a North Carolina militia stationed at Fort Dobbs, in the western part of the province. The attack is repelled by the militia, under the command of General Hugh Waddell.
  • March 20 – The Great Fire of Boston, Massachusetts, destroys 349 buildings and marks the biggest conflagration in the American colonies up to this time.[3]

April–June
  • April 3 – Great Britain and Prussia agree to begin peace negotiations to end the Seven Years' War.[4]
  • April 7 – 'Tacky's War', a slave rebellion, begins in Jamaica and lasts for 18 months. During the uprising, 60 white residents are killed and more than 400 black rebels die in the suppression of the revolt. Another 500 are deported to British Honduras.[5]
  • April 10 – France's Minister of the Navy Nicolas René Berryer finally receives permission to send ships to assist French forces at Quebec, and a fleet of six ships under the command of Captain François Chenard de la Giraudais of the French frigate Machault departs Bordeaux, albeit too late to prevent the loss of New France to the British.[6]
  • April 11 – The Burmese Army, under the command of King Alaungpaya, reaches the outskirts of Siam's capital, Ayutthaya, but then retreats rather than laying siege to the city.[7]
  • April 12 – Two of six French ships run into a British blockade led by Britain's Admiral Edward Boscawen. Of the remaining four, one sinks before it can reach North America.[6]
  • April 20 – France's Marshal François Gaston de Lévis departs from Montreal up the St. Lawrence River with 7,000 troops on a plan to retake Quebec City from the British.[8]
  • April 22 – Belgian entertainer Joseph Mervin is said to have given the first demonstration of roller skates, in a performance at the Carlisle House in London, but the stunt ends in disaster.[9]
  • April 26 – Marshal Lévis and his troops land at Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, adjacent to Quebec City, and prepares to lay siege to the British occupying force.[8]
  • April 27 – British Army Brigadier General James Murray marches a force of 3,500 men toward Saint-Augustin to confront Marshal Lévis and the French Army.[8]
  • April 28 – British defenders and the French Army clash at the Battle of Sainte-Foy to determine the future control of Quebec. General Murray is forced to retreat after the British suffer 259 deaths and 845 wounded, while the French under Marshal Lévis suffer 193 deaths and 640 wounded.[10]
  • April 29 – Representatives of the remaining Penobscot Indian tribes in Maine and New Brunswick make peace with the British at Fort Pownal in Newfoundland.[11]
  • April 30 – Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli presents a paper at the French Academy of Sciences in Paris in which "a mathematical model was used for the first time to study the population dynamics of infectious disease."[12]
  • May 11 – King Alaungpaya of Burma dies during a retreat from Ayutthaya after stopping at the village of Kinywa while en route to Martaban. His son Naungdawgyi becomes the new King of Burma.[7]
  • May 16 – Three British Royal Navy ships under the command of Commodore Robert Swanton on HMS Vanguard arrive to break the siege of Quebec before Marshal Lévis can recapture the city from the British.
  • May 17 – Captain Giraudais's French fleet reaches the Gaspé Peninsula of northeast Quebec and captures seven British merchant ships, but Giraudais learns that the British have already preceded him up the St. Lawrence River and diverts to Chaleur Bay at Newfoundland.[6]
  • June 4 – Expulsion of the Acadians: New England planters arrive to claim land in Nova Scotia taken from the Acadians.
  • June 11 – Robert Rogers and his Rangers launch a strike from Lake Champlain against French military posts along the Richelieu River – they strike at Fort Sainte Thérèse and destroy the settlement.
  • June 19 – The British create Cumberland County and Lincoln County in Maine.[11]
  • June 22 – Britain's Captain John Byron, commanding HMS Fame, locates France's Captain Giraudais but runs aground on June 25 before it can attack.[6]

July–September
October 5: wedding of Princess Isabella of Parma and the future Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor

October–December
  • October 5 – The wedding of Princess Isabella of Parma and Prince Joseph of Austria takes place at Hofburg Palace's Redoute Hall (Redoutensaele), at the former imperial palace in Vienna.[16]
  • October 9 – Seven Years' War: Russian troops enter Berlin.
  • October 16 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Kloster-Kamp – Ferdinand of Brunswick is beaten back from the Rhine by a French army.
  • October 25 – George II of Great Britain dies; his 22-year-old grandson George, Prince of Wales, succeeds to the throne as King George III and reigns for 59 years until his death on January 29, 1820.
  • November 3 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Torgau – In another extremely hard battle, Frederick defeats Daun's Austrians, who withdraw across the Elbe.
  • November 29 – French Army Colonel François-Marie Picoté de Belestre formally surrenders Detroit to British Army Major Robert Rogers, and the British Union Jack is raised over Fort Detroit.[17]
  • December 4 – For the first time since the surrender of Fort Detroit by France, British authorities meet nearby at a Native American council house the site with delegates from various Indian tribes that had fought as allies of the French Army, such as the Wyandot and Ottawa Indians, and with tribes that had formerly been allies of the British. The European and Native American representatives open the peace conference with the presentation by the Indians to the British of a wampum belt, and the pronouncement from the principal chief that "The ancient friendship is now renewed, and I wash the blood off the earth that had been shed during the present war, that you may bury the war hatchet in the bottomless pit."[18]
  • December 6 – The siege of Pondicherry, a stronghold of France in India, is begun by British Army Lieutenant General Eyre Coote. The French commander, General Thomas Lally, is finally forced to surrender Pondicherry to the British on January 15, 1761.[19]
  • December 18 – In the wake of Tacky's War by African-born rebels, the Assembly of the British colony of Jamaica outlaws the African religious practice of obeah, with penalties ranging from banishment from the colony to execution. The legislation specifically bans use of contraband associated with obeah, including "animal blood, feathers, parrots' beaks, dogs' teeth, alligators' teeth, broken bottles, grave dirt, rum, and eggshells".[20]

Date unknown
  • Abbé Charles-Michel de l'Épée opens a school for deaf education in Paris which becomes the Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris, the world's first free school for the deaf; Thomas Braidwood establishes Braidwood's Academy for the Deaf and Dumb in Edinburgh, the first school for the deaf in Britain.
  • Western countries pay 3,000,000 ounces of silver for Chinese goods.
  • approximate date – Abu Dhabi is founded.[21]

Births
Jiaqing Emperor
  • November 13 – Jiaqing Emperor of China (d. 1820)
  • November 21 – Joseph Plumb Martin, American Revolutionary soldier and narrative author (d. 1850)
  • November 28 – Maria Teresa Poniatowska, Polish noblewoman (d. 1834)
  • December 17 – Deborah Sampson, first American female soldier (d. 1827)
  • date unknown
    • Adam Gillies, Lord Gillies, Scottish judge (d. 1842)
    • Emma Jane Greenland, English painter, writer, singer (d. 1843)
    • Clelia Durazzo Grimaldi, Italian botanist (d. 1830)
    • Moscho Tzavela, Greek-Souliote heroine (d. 1803)
  • probable date – Lemuel Francis Abbott, English portrait painter (d. 1802)

Deaths
  • February 22 – Anna Magdalena Bach, accomplished German singer, second wife of Johann Sebastian Bach (b. 1701)
  • April 3 – John Rous, Royal Navy officer during King George's War and the Seven Years' War (b. 1702)
  • April 6 – Charlotte Charke, British actor and writer (b. 1713)
  • April 10 – Jean Lebeuf, French historian (b. 1687)
  • April 11 – Prince Moritz of Anhalt-Dessau, German general (b. 1712)
  • April 18 – Mary Alexander, influential colonial-era merchant in New York City (b. 1693)
  • May 5 – Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers, English murderer (hanged) (b. 1720)
  • May 9 – Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf, German religious and social reformer (b. 1700)
  • May 10 – Christoph Graupner, German composer (b. 1683)
  • May 15 – King Alaungpaya of Burma (b. 1711)
  • May 22 – Israel ben Eliezer aka Baal Shem Tov, Polish-born mystical rabbi, founder of Hasidic Judaism (b. 1698)
  • May 30 – Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp, German duchess (b. 1712)
  • June 13 – Antoine Court, French Huguenot minister (b. 1696)
  • July 13 – Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Iroquois Confederacy (b. 1696)
  • August 27 – Smart Lethieullier, English antiquary (b. 1701)
  • September 11 – Louis Godin, French astronomer (b. 1704)
  • September 17 – George Bowes, English coal proprietor, Member of Parliament (b. 1701)
  • October 15 – Nicolas d'Assas, captain of the French regiment of Auvergne (b. 1733)
George II of Great Britain

References
  1. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 320. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  2. Rodger, N. A. M. (2006). The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815. London: Penguin Books; National Maritime Museum. p. 283. ISBN 0-14-102690-1.
  3. "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p54
  4. Basil Williams, The Life of William Pitt, Volume 2 (Frank Cass & Co., 1913, reprinted by Routledge, 2014) p80
  5. Candace Ward, Desire and Disorder: Fevers, Fictions, and Feeling in English Georgian Culture (Bucknell University Press, 2007) p179
  6. "Machault", in Warships of the World to 1900, ed. by Lincoln P. Paine (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2000) pp99-100
  7. William J. Topich and Keith A. Leitich, The History of Myanmar (ABC-CLIO, 2013) pp38-39
  8. Paul Williams, Frontier Forts Under Fire: The Attacks on Fort William Henry (1757) and Fort Phil Kearny (1866) (McFarland, 2017) p101
  9. William Hartston, The Encyclopedia of Useless Information (Sourcebooks, 2007)
  10. Raymond B. Blake, et al., Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada (University of Toronto Press, 2012) p104
  11. Federal Writers Project, Maine: A Guide 'Down East (Houghton Mifflin, 1937) p37
  12. Charles Roberts, Ordinary Differential Equations: Applications, Models, and Computing (CRC Press, 2011) pp139-140
  13. "Portsmouth Dockyard". Battleships-Cruisers.co.uk. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  14. "Chronology Of Events In Portsmouth – 1700-1799". History In Portsmouth. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  15. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. p. 222. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  16. "wedding-supper". Retrieved August 22, 2016.
  17. Bill Loomis, On This Day in Detroit History (Arcadia Publishing, 2016) p188
  18. "1763 in Native American Country", by Ulrike Kirchberger, in Decades of Reconstruction: Postwar Societies, State-Building and International Relations from the Seven Years' War to the Cold War", ed. by Ute Planert and James Retallack (Cambridge University Press, 2017) p72
  19. "Carnatic Wars", in Wars That Changed History: 50 of the World's Greatest Conflicts, ed. by Spencer C. Tucker (ABC-CLIO, 2015) p222
  20. Rebecca Shumway, Trevor R. Getz, Slavery and its Legacy in Ghana and the Diaspora (Bloomsbury, 2017) p76
  21. "The story of Abu Dhabi". Retrieved July 21, 2020.
  22. "BBC - History - Thomas Clarkson". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
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