1758

1758 (MDCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1758th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 758th year of the 2nd millennium, the 58th year of the 18th century, and the 9th year of the 1750s decade. As of the start of 1758, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1758 by topic
Arts and science
  • Archaeology
  • Architecture
  • Art
  • Literature
  • Poetry
  • Music
  • Science
Countries
  • Canada
  • Denmark
  • France
  • Great Britain
  • Ireland
  • Norway
  • Russia
  • Scotland
  • Sweden
Lists of leaders
  • State leaders
  • Colonial governors
  • Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
  • Births
  • Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments
Works category
  • Works
1758 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1758
MDCCLVIII
Ab urbe condita2511
Armenian calendar1207
ԹՎ ՌՄԷ
Assyrian calendar6508
Balinese saka calendar1679–1680
Bengali calendar1165
Berber calendar2708
British Regnal year31 Geo. 2 – 32 Geo. 2
Buddhist calendar2302
Burmese calendar1120
Byzantine calendar7266–7267
Chinese calendar丁丑年 (Fire Ox)
4454 or 4394
    — to —
戊寅年 (Earth Tiger)
4455 or 4395
Coptic calendar1474–1475
Discordian calendar2924
Ethiopian calendar1750–1751
Hebrew calendar5518–5519
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1814–1815
 - Shaka Samvat1679–1680
 - Kali Yuga4858–4859
Holocene calendar11758
Igbo calendar758–759
Iranian calendar1136–1137
Islamic calendar1171–1172
Japanese calendarHōreki 8
(宝暦８年)
Javanese calendar1683–1684
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4091
Minguo calendar154 before ROC
民前154年
Nanakshahi calendar290
Thai solar calendar2300–2301
Tibetan calendar阴火牛年
(female Fire-Ox)
1884 or 1503 or 731
    — to —
阳土虎年
(male Earth-Tiger)
1885 or 1504 or 732
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1758.
June 8: Siege of Louisbourg

Events

January–March
  • January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (Animalia) of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, the starting point of modern zoological nomenclature, introducing binomial nomenclature for animals to his established system of Linnaean taxonomy.[1] Among the first examples of his system of identifying an organism by genus and then species, Linnaeus identifies the lamprey with the name Petromyzon marinus.[2] He introduces the term Homo sapiens. (Date of January 1 assigned retrospectively.)[3]
  • January 20 – At Cap-Haïtien in Haiti, former slave turned rebel François Mackandal is executed by the French colonial government by being burned at the stake.[4]
  • January 22 – Russian troops under the command of William Fermor invade East Prussia and capture Königsberg with 34,000 soldiers; although the city is later abandoned by Russia after the Seven Years' War ends, the city again comes under Russian control in 1945 during World War II and is now named Kaliningrad.[5]
  • February 22 – A fleet of 158 British Royal Navy warships, under the command of Admiral Edward Boscawen, departs from Plymouth toward North America in an effort to conquer the French Canadian territories of New France. Many of the sailors die of nutritional deficiencies along the way, including the scurvy that kills 26 of the crew of HMS Pembroke, captained by future world explorer James Cook on his first long voyage.[6]
  • February 23 – Jonathan Edwards, the famed English theologian who had assumed the presidency of what is now Princeton University only a week earlier, sets an example for students and faculty by publicly receiving an inoculation against smallpox.[7] Unfortunately, the vaccine contains live smallpox; Edwards develops the disease and dies on March 22 at the age of 54.
  • March 16 – Members of the Comanche Nation loot and destroy the Spanish Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá (near modern-day Menard, Texas) and kill eight of the people there, including the mission leader, Father Alonso Giraldo de Terreros.[8]

April–June
  • April 29 – Battle of Cuddalore: A British fleet under Sir George Pocock engages the French fleet of Anne Antoine, Comte d'Aché indecisively near Madras.
  • May 21 – Seven Years' War – French and Indian War: Mary Campbell is abducted from her home in Pennsylvania by members of the Lenape Nation.
  • June 8 – Seven Years' War – French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, commences.[9]
June 23: Battle of Krefeld
  • June 9–June 10 – Spanish-Barbary Wars – Battle of Cape Palos: a Spanish squadron of three ships of the line defeats a Barbary squadron made up of a ship of the line and a frigate.
  • June 23 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Krefeld: Anglo-Hanoverian forces under Ferdinand of Brunswick defeat the French.
  • June 30 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Domstadtl: Austrian forces under Ernst Gideon von Laudon and Joseph von Siskovits rout an enormous convoy with supplies for the Prussian army, guarded by strong troops of Hans Joachim von Zieten.

July–September
August 3: Battle of Zorndorf
October 14: Battle of Hochkirch

October–December

Date unknown
  • The French build the first European settlement in what becomes Erie County, New York, at the mouth of Buffalo Creek.
  • Rudjer Boscovich publishes his atomic theory, in Theoria philosophiae naturalis redacta ad unicam legem virium in nalura existentium.
  • A fire destroys parts of Christiania, Norway.
  • Marquis Gabriel de Lernay, a French officer captured during the Seven Years' War, establishes a military lodge in Berlin, with the help of Baron de Printzen, master of The Three Globes Lodge at Berlin, and Philipp Samuel Rosa, a disgraced former pastor.
  • Okadaya (岡田屋), predecessor of AEON, a multiple retailer group, founded in Yokkaichi, Japan.
  • J. R. Geigy, predecessor of Novartis, a global pharmaceutical brand, founded in Basel, Switzerland.

Births
  • January 6 – Charles Ganilh, French economist, politician (d. 1836)
  • January 9 – George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland (d. 1833)
  • January 11 – François Louis Bourdon, French Revolutionary politician (d. 1797)
  • January 17 – Marie Anne Simonis, Belgian textile industrialist (d. 1831)
  • January 20 – Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze, French chemist (d. 1836)
  • January 24 – Frederick Ponsonby, 3rd Earl of Bessborough (d. 1844)
  • February 1
    • Jacques Antoine Marie de Cazalès, French orator, politician (d. 1805)
    • David Ochterlony, Massachusetts-born general with the East India Company (d. 1825)
  • February 2 – George Thicknesse, 19th Baron Audley (d. 1818)
  • February 3
    • Francis Napier, 8th Lord Napier of Great Britain (d. 1823)
    • Vasily Kapnist, Ukrainian poet, playwright (d. 1823)
  • February 10 – Amalia Holst, German writer, intellectual, and feminist (d. 1829)
  • February 17 – John Pinkerton, British antiquarian (d. 1826)
  • February 25 – Joseph McDowell, U.S. Representative for North Carolina (d. 1799)
  • February 28 – Nicolas François, Count Mollien, French financier (d. 1850)
  • March 6 – William Russell, U.S. soldier (d. 1825)
  • March 9 – Franz Joseph Gall, German pioneering neuroanatomist (d. 1828)
  • March 12 – Leopold Karel, Count of Limburg Stirum (d. 1840)
  • March 15 – Magdalene Sophie Buchholm, Norwegian poet (d. 1826)
  • March 25 – Richard Dobbs Spaight, Governor of North Carolina (d. 1802)
  • April 1 – Benjamin Mooers, American soldier (d. 1838)
  • April 4
    • John Hoppner, English portrait-painter (d. 1810)
    • Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, French painter (d. 1823)
  • April 16 – Christian Karl August Ludwig von Massenbach, Prussian soldier (d. 1827)
  • April 19 – Fisher Ames, U.S. Congressman for Massachusetts (d. 1808)
  • April 22 – Francisco Javier Castaños, 1st Duke of Bailén, Spanish general (d. 1852)
  • April 23
    • Alexander Hood, British Royal Navy officer (k. 1798)
    • Alexander Cochrane, British Royal Navy officer (d. 1832)
    • Philip Gidley King, British Royal Navy officer, colonial administrator (d. 1808)
  • April 27 – Charles Dumont de Sainte-Croix, French zoologist (d. 1830)
James Monroe
Maximilien Robespierre
Thomas Picton
Christopher Gore
Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson
Noah Webster
  • October 16
  • October 22/6 – Vincenzo Dandolo, Italian chemist, agriculturist (d. 1819)
  • October 28 – John Sibthorp, English botanist (d. 1796)
  • October 28 – Joseph-François-Louis-Charles de Damas, French general (d. 1829)
  • October 31 – Thomas Gisborne, Anglican priest, abolitionist (d. 1846)
  • November 5 – Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars, French botanist (d. 1831)
  • November 11
    • Carl Friedrich Zelter, German composer (d. 1832)
    • Caleb P. Bennett, U.S. soldier, politician (d. 1836)
  • November 12 – Jean Joseph Mounier, French politician (d. 1806)
  • November 16 – Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author, philologist (d. 1841)
  • November 20 – Abraham B. Venable, U.S. Representative for Virginia (d. 1811)
  • November 25 – John Armstrong, Jr., U.S. soldier, statesman (d. 1843)
  • December 5 – George Beauclerk, 4th Duke of St Albans (d. 1787)
  • December 9 – Richard Colt Hoare, English antiquarian, archaeologist (d. 1838)
  • December 21 – Jean Baptiste Eblé, French general (d. 1812)
  • December 23 – John M. Vining, U.S. Representative for Delaware (d. 1802)

Date unknown
  • Georges Antoine Chabot, French jurist, statesman (d. 1819)
  • Nicholas Fish, U.S. Revolutionary soldier (d. 1833)
  • Anthimos Gazis, Greek scholar, philosopher (d. 1828)
  • Samuel Hardy, U.S. lawyer and statesman from Virginia (d. 1785)
  • Jamphel Gyatso, 8th Dalai Lama of Tibet (d. 1804)
  • Charles Lee, U.S. Attorney General (d. 1815)
  • Samuel Sterett, American politician, U.S. Representative for Maryland (d. 1833)
  • Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité, Empress of Haiti (d. 1858)

Probable

Deaths
  • January 7 – Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (b. 1686)
  • January 17 – James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish peer (b. 1724)
  • January 18 – François Nicole, French mathematician (b. 1683)
  • February 10 – Thomas Ripley, English architect (b. 1683)
  • March 2 – Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (b. 1679)
  • March 6 – Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, English politician (b. c. 1705)
  • March 18
    • Matthew Hutton, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1693)
    • Thomas Zebrowski, Lithuanian Jesuit scientist (b. 1714)
Jonathan Edwards
Marthanda Varma
  • July 7 – Marthanda Varma, Rani of Attingal (b. 1706)
  • July 15 – Ambrosius Stub, Danish poet (b. 1705)
  • July 18 – Duncan Campbell, Scottish soldier
  • August 2 – George Booth, 2nd Earl of Warrington (b. 1675)
  • August 15 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician (b. 1698)
  • August 17 – Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin, Russian soldier (b. 1702)
  • August 23 – Ulrika Eleonora von Düben, Swedish lady in waiting (b. 1722)
  • August 27 – Barbara of Portugal, Princess of Portugal and Queen of Spain (b. 1711)
  • September 5 – Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov, Russian chemist (b. c. 1720)
  • September 23 – John FitzPatrick, 1st Earl of Upper Ossory (b. 1719)
  • October 2 (bur.) – Philip Southcote, English landscape gardener (b. 1698)
  • October 12 – Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth, British field marshal (b. 1680)
James Francis Edward Keith
  • October 14
    • Wilhelmine of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia (b. 1709)
    • James Francis Edward Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (b. 1696)
  • October 20 – Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, British politician (b. 1706)
  • October 25/8 – Theophilus Cibber, English actor (b. 1703)
  • November 5 – Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (b. 1686)
  • November 12 – John Cockburn, Scottish politician
  • November 20 – Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish composer (b. 1694)
  • November 22 – Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe, English politician (b. 1680)
  • November 27 – Senesino, Italian singer (b. 1686)
  • December 5 – Johann Friedrich Fasch, German composer (b. 1688)
Françoise de Graffigny
  • December 12 – Françoise de Graffigny, French lettrist (b. 1695)
  • December 16 – Andrzej Stanisław Załuski, Polish-Lithuanian bishop (b. 1695)
  • December 25 – James Hervey, English clergyman, writer (b. 1714)
  • December 26 – François Joseph Lagrange-Chancel, French dramatist, satirist (b. 1677)

Date unknown
  • François Mackandal, Haitian revolutionary leader, burned at the stake
  • Nathaniel Meserve, American shipwright (b. 1704)
  • Hyder Ali and his Sepoy capture Bangalore from "Khande Rao of the Maratha Confederacy". (Part of the Seven Years' War).
  • Verónica II Guterres, African monarch

References
  1. Eldredge, Niles (2002). Life on Earth: A-G. ABC-CLIO. pp. 477–478.
  2. Jordan, David Starr (March 10, 1911). "The Use of Numerals for Specific Names in Systematic Zoology". Science. 33 (845): 372. doi:10.1126/science.33.845.370-a. PMID 17799876.
  3. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999). "Article 3". International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (4th ed.). ISBN 0-85301-006-4.
  4. Shelby T. McCloy, The Negro in the French West Indies (University Press of Kentucky, 2015) p40
  5. Herbert J. Redman, Frederick the Great and the Seven Years’ War, 1756–1763 (McFarland, 2015) p191
  6. Stephen Feinstein, Captain Cook: Great Explorer of the Pacific (Enslow Publishers, 2010) p28
  7. "Edwards, Jonathan", by Douglas A. Sweeney, in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States (Rowman & Littlefield, 2016) p770
  8. Donald E. Chipman and Harriet Denise Joseph, Explorers and Settlers of Spanish Texas (University of Texas Press, 2010)
  9. "Historical Events for Year 1758 | OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved June 25, 2016.
  10. Gordon Carruth, ed., The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates 3rd Edition (Thomas Y. Crowell, 1962) p72
  11. "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Maximilien Robespierre (1758-1794)". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
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