February 25

February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 309 days remain until the end of the year (310 in leap years).

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February 25 in recent years
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Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present
  • 1912 – Marie-Adélaïde, the eldest of six daughters of Guillaume IV, becomes the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.[8]
  • 1916 – In the Battle of Verdun, a German unit captures Fort Douaumont, keystone of the French defences, without a fight.[9]
  • 1918 – German forces capture Tallinn to virtually complete the occupation of Estonia.[10]
  • 1921 – Georgian capital Tbilisi falls to the invading Russian forces after heavy fighting and the Russians declare the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.[11]
  • 1932 – Hitler, having been stateless for seven years, obtains German citizenship when he is appointed a Brunswick state official by Dietrich Klagges, a fellow Nazi. As a result, Hitler is able to run for Reichspräsident in the 1932 election.[12]
  • 1933 – Launch of the USS Ranger at Newport News, Virginia. It is the first purpose-built aircraft carrier to be commissioned by the US Navy.[13]
  • 1939 – As part of British air raid precautions, the first of 21⁄2 million Anderson shelters is constructed in a garden in Islington, north London.[14]
  • 1941 – The outlawed Communist Party of the Netherlands organises a general strike in German-occupied Amsterdam to protest against Nazi persecution of Dutch Jews.[15]
  • 1947 – The formal abolition of Prussia is proclaimed by the Allied Control Council, the Prussian government having already been abolished by the Preußenschlag of 1932.[16]
  • 1947 – Soviet NKVD forces in Hungary abduct Béla Kovács—secretary-general of the majority Independent Smallholders' Party—and deport him to the USSR in defiance of Parliament. His arrest is an important turning point in the Communist takeover of Hungary.[17]
  • 1948 – In a coup d'état led by Klement Gottwald, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia takes control of government in Prague to end the Third Czechoslovak Republic.[18]
  • 1951 – The first Pan American Games are officially opened in Buenos Aires by Argentine President Juan Perón.[19]
  • 1956 – In his speech On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences, Nikita Khrushchev, leader of the Soviet Union, denounces Stalin.[20]
  • 1980 – The government of Suriname is overthrown by a military coup led by Dési Bouterse.[21]
  • 1986 – People Power Revolution: President of the Philippines Ferdinand Marcos flees the nation after 20 years of rule; Corazon Aquino becomes the Philippines' first woman president.[22]
  • 1991 – Disbandment of the Warsaw Pact at a meeting of its members in Budapest.[23]

Births

Pre-1600
  • 1259 – Infanta Branca of Portugal, daughter of King Afonso III of Portugal and Urraca of Castile (d. 1321)[24]
  • 1337 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1383)[25]
  • 1475 – Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, last male member of the House of York (d. 1499)[26]
  • 1540 – Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton, English aristocrat and courtier (d. 1614)[27]
  • 1543 – Sharaf Khan Bidlisi, Emir of Bitlis (d. 1603)[28]
  • 1591 – Friedrich Spee, German poet and author (d. 1635)[29]

1601–1900
  • 1643 – Ahmed II, Ottoman sultan (d. 1695)[30]
  • 1663 – Peter Anthony Motteux, French-English author, playwright and translator (d. 1718)[31]
  • 1670 – Maria Margarethe Kirch, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1720)[32]
  • 1682 – Giovanni Battista Morgagni, Italian anatomist and pathologist (d. 1771)[33]
  • 1707 – Carlo Goldoni, Italian playwright and composer (d. 1793)[34]
  • 1714 – René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou, French lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of France (d. 1792)[35]
  • 1728 – John Wood, the Younger, English architect, designed the Royal Crescent (d. 1782)[36]
  • 1752 – John Graves Simcoe, English-Canadian general and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada (d. 1806)[37]
  • 1755 – François René Mallarmé, French lawyer and politician (d. 1835)[38]
  • 1778 – José de San Martín, Argentinian general and politician, 1st President of Peru (d. 1850)[39]
  • 1806 – Emma Catherine Embury, American author and poet (d. 1863)[40]
  • 1809 – John Hart, English-Australian politician, 10th Premier of South Australia (d. 1873)[41]
  • 1812 – Carl Christian Hall, Danish lawyer and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 1888)[42]
  • 1816 – Giovanni Morelli, Italian historian and critic (d. 1891)[43]
  • 1833 – John St. John, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Kansas (d. 1916)[44]
  • 1841 – Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French painter and sculptor (d. 1919)[45]
  • 1842 – Karl May, German author, poet, and playwright (d. 1912)[46]
  • 1845 – George Reid, Scottish-Australian lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1918)[47]
  • 1855 – Cesário Verde, Portuguese poet and author (d. 1886)[48]
  • 1856 – Karl Gotthard Lamprecht, German historian and academic (d. 1915)[49]
  • 1856 – Mathias Zdarsky, Czech-Austrian skier, painter, and sculptor (d. 1940)[50]
  • 1857 – Robert Bond, Canadian politician; first Prime Minister of Newfoundland (d. 1927)[51]
  • 1860 – William Ashley, English historian and academic (d. 1927)[52]
  • 1865 – Andranik, Armenian general (d. 1927)[53]
  • 1866 – Benedetto Croce, Italian philosopher and politician (d. 1952)[54]
  • 1869 – Phoebus Levene, Russian-American biochemist and physician (d. 1940)[55]
  • 1873 – Enrico Caruso, Italian-American tenor; the most popular operatic tenor of the early 20th century and the first great recording star. (d. 1921)[56]
  • 1877 – Erich von Hornbostel, Austrian musicologist and scholar (d. 1935)[57]
  • 1881 – William Z. Foster, American union leader and politician (d. 1961)[58]
  • 1881 – Alexei Rykov, Russian politician, Premier of Russia (d. 1938)[59]
  • 1883 – Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone (d. 1981)[60]
  • 1885 – Princess Alice of Battenberg, mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (d. 1969)[61]
  • 1888 – John Foster Dulles, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 52nd United States Secretary of State (d. 1959)[62]
  • 1890 – Myra Hess, English pianist and educator (d. 1965)[63]
  • 1894 – Meher Baba, Indian spiritual master (d. 1969)[64]
  • 1898 – William Astbury, physicist and molecular biologist (d. 1961)[65]

1901–present
  • 1901 – Vince Gair, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Queensland (d. 1980)[66]
  • 1901 – Zeppo Marx, American comedian (the youngest of the Marx Brothers) and theatrical agent (d. 1979)[67]
  • 1903 – King Clancy, Canadian ice hockey player, referee, and coach; rated one of the 100 greatest NHL players (d. 1986)[68]
  • 1905 – Perry Miller, American historian, author, and academic (d. 1963)[69]
  • 1906 – Mary Coyle Chase, American journalist and playwright; author of Harvey (d. 1981)[70]
  • 1907 – Sabahattin Ali, Turkish journalist, author, and poet (d. 1948)[71]
  • 1908 – Mary Locke Petermann, cellular biochemist (d. 1975)[72][73]
  • 1908 – Frank G. Slaughter, American physician and author (d. 2001)[74]
  • 1910 – Millicent Fenwick, American journalist and politician (d. 1992)[75]
  • 1913 – Jim Backus, American actor and screenwriter; the voice of Mr. Magoo (d. 1989)[76]
  • 1913 – Gert Fröbe, German actor; title role in Goldfinger (d. 1988)[77]
  • 1915 – S. Rajaratnam, 1st Senior Minister of Singapore (d. 2006)[78]
  • 1917 – Anthony Burgess, English author, playwright, and critic (d. 1993)[79]
  • 1918 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player; winner of three major titles, 1939–1941 (d. 1995)[80]
  • 1919 – Monte Irvin, American baseball player and executive (d. 2016)[81]
  • 1920 – Philip Habib, American academic and diplomat, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs (d. 1992)[82]
  • 1921 – Pierre Laporte, Canadian journalist, lawyer, and politician, Deputy Premier of Quebec (d. 1970)[83]
  • 1921 – Andy Pafko, American baseball player and manager (d. 2013)[84]
  • 1922 – Molly Reilly, Canadian aviator (d. 1980)[85][86]
  • 1924 – Hugh Huxley, English-American biologist and academic (d. 2013)[87]
  • 1925 – Shehu Shagari, former President of Nigeria (d. 2019)[88]
  • 1925 – Lisa Kirk, American actress and singer (d. 1990)[89]
  • 1926 – Masatoshi Gündüz Ikeda, Japanese-Turkish mathematician and academic; developed algebraic number theory (d. 2003)[90]
  • 1927 – Ralph Stanley, American bluegrass singer and banjo player; member of International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame (d. 2016)[91]
  • 1928 – Paul Elvstrøm, Danish yachtsman; winner of four Olympic gold medals, 1948–1960 (d. 2016)[92]
  • 1928 – A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr., prominent African-American civil rights advocate, author, and federal court judge (d. 1998)[93]
  • 1928 – Larry Gelbart, American author and screenwriter; creator and producer of M*A*S*H TV series (d. 2009)[94]
  • 1928 – Richard G. Stern, American author and academic (d. 2013)[95]
  • 1930 – Wendy Beckett, British nun and art critic for BBC TV with great success in the 1990s (d. 2018)[96]
  • 1932 – Tony Brooks, English racing driver; six Formula One victories, second in 1959 World Championship (d. 2022)[97]
  • 1932 – Faron Young, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist; member of Country Music Hall of Fame (d. 1996)[98]
  • 1934 – Tony Lema, American golfer; winner of the 1964 Open Championship (d. 1966)[99]
  • 1935 – Oktay Sinanoglu, Turkish physical chemist and molecular biophysicist; two-time nominee for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 2015)[100]
  • 1937 – Tom Courtenay, award-winning English actor[101]
  • 1937 – Bob Schieffer, American political author, journalist and TV interviewer[102]
  • 1938 – Herb Elliott, Australian 1500 metres runner; 1960 Olympic champion and world record holder[103]
  • 1938 – Farokh Engineer, Indian international cricketer; successful as batsman and wicketkeeper[104]
  • 1940 – Ron Santo, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2010)[105]
  • 1941 – David Puttnam, English film producer and academic[106]
  • 1943 – George Harrison, English singer-songwriter, guitarist and film producer; lead guitarist of The Beatles (d. 2001)[107]
  • 1944 – François Cevert, French racing driver (d. 1973)[108]
  • 1946 – Jean Todt, French racing driver and team manager; FIA President, 2009–2021[109]
  • 1947 – Lee Evans, American sprinter and athletics coach; two gold medals and world 400m record at 1968 Olympics (d. 2021)[110]
  • 1949 – Amin Maalouf, Lebanese-French journalist and author[111]
  • 1950 – Francisco Fernández Ochoa, Spanish skier; 1972 Olympic slalom champion (d. 2006)[112]
  • 1950 – Neil Jordan, Irish film director, screenwriter and author[113]
  • 1950 – Néstor Kirchner, Argentinian politician; 51st President of Argentina, 2003–2007 (d. 2010)[114]
  • 1951 – Don Quarrie, Jamaican sprinter and coach; four Olympic medals and two world records[115]
  • 1952 – Joey Dunlop, Northern Irish motorcycle road racing champion; holds record for most wins (26) at the Isle of Man TT (d. 2000)[116]
  • 1953 – José María Aznar, Spanish politician; Prime Minister of Spain, 1996–2004[117]
  • 1957 – Raymond McCreesh, Irish Republican, hunger striker (d. 1981)[118]
  • 1957 – Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Singapore politician; 5th Senior Minister of Singapore[119]
  • 1958 – Kurt Rambis, American basketball player and coach; four-time NBA Finals champion[120]
  • 1962 – Birgit Fischer, German kayaker; winner of eight Olympic gold medals[121]
  • 1963 – Paul O'Neill, American baseball player and sportscaster; five-time World Series champion[122]
  • 1967 – Ed Balls, British politician; Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer[123]
  • 1968 – Oumou Sangaré, Grammy Award-winning Malian Wassoulou musician[124]
  • 1971 – Sean Astin, American actor, director and producer[125]
  • 1974 – Dominic Raab, British politician; First Secretary of State and Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs[126]
  • 1981 – Park Ji-sung, South Korean footballer; the most successful Asian player with 19 career trophies[127]
  • 1982 – Flavia Pennetta, Italian tennis player; winner of the 2015 US Open[128]
  • 1988 – Tom Marshall, British photo colouriser and artist[129]
  • 1989 – Kana Hanazawa, Japanese voice actress and singer[130]
  • 1992 – Jorge Soler, Cuban baseball player [131]
  • 1995 – Viktoriya Tomova, Bulgarian tennis player[132]
  • 1999 – Gianluigi Donnarumma, Italian international footballer; youngest goalkeeper to play for Italy[133]
  • 1999 – Rocky, South Korean singer, dancer and songwriter[134]

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present
  • 1906 – Anton Arensky, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1861)[161]
  • 1910 – Worthington Whittredge, American painter and educator (b. 1820)[162]
  • 1911 – Friedrich Spielhagen, German author, theorist, and translator (b. 1829)[163]
  • 1912 – William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1852)[164]
  • 1914 – John Tenniel, English illustrator (b. 1820)[165]
  • 1915 – Charles Edwin Bessey, American botanist, author, and academic (b. 1845)[166]
  • 1920 – Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy, French archaeologist and engineer (b. 1844)[167]
  • 1928 – William O'Brien, Irish journalist and politician (b. 1852)[168]
  • 1934 – Elizabeth Gertrude Britton, American botanist and academic (b. 1857)[169]
  • 1934 – John McGraw, American baseball player and manager (b. 1873)[170]
  • 1945 – Mário de Andrade, Brazilian author, poet, and photographer (b. 1893)[171]
  • 1950 – George Minot, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)[172]
  • 1953 – Sergei Winogradsky, Ukrainian-Russian microbiologist and ecologist (b. 1856)[173]
  • 1957 – Mark Aldanov, Russian author and critic (b. 1888)[174]
  • 1957 – Bugs Moran, American mob boss (b. 1893)[175]
  • 1963 – Melville J. Herskovits, American anthropologist and academic (b. 1895)[176]
  • 1964 – Alexander Archipenko, Ukrainian sculptor and illustrator (b. 1887)[177]
  • 1964 – Grace Metalious, American author (b. 1924)[178]
  • 1970 – Mark Rothko, Latvian-American painter and academic (b. 1903)[179]
  • 1971 – Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1884)[180]
  • 1972 – Gottfried Fuchs, German-Canadian Olympic soccer player (b. 1889)[181]
  • 1975 – Elijah Muhammad, American religious leader (b. 1897)[182]
  • 1978 – Daniel James, Jr., American general and pilot (b. 1920)[183]
  • 1980 – Robert Hayden, American poet and academic (b. 1913)[184]
  • 1983 – Tennessee Williams, American playwright, and poet (b. 1911)[185]
  • 1996 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian-American physician and author (b. 1940)[186]
  • 1997 – Andrei Sinyavsky, Russian journalist and publisher (b. 1925)[187]
  • 1998 – W. O. Mitchell, Canadian author and playwright (b. 1914)[188]
  • 1999 – Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)[189]
  • 2001 – A. R. Ammons, American poet and critic (b. 1926)[190]
  • 2001 – Don Bradman, Australian international cricketer; holder of world record batting average (b. 1908)[191][192]
  • 2005 – Peter Benenson, English lawyer, founded Amnesty International (b. 1921)[193]
  • 2008 – Hans Raj Khanna, Indian judge and advocate; upholder of civil liberties (b. 1912)[194]
  • 2010 – Ihsan Dogramaci, Turkish pediatrician and academic (b. 1915)[195]
  • 2012 – Louisiana Red, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1932)[196]
  • 2015 – Harve Bennett, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1930)[197]
  • 2015 – Eugenie Clark, American biologist and academic; noted ichthyologist (b. 1922)[198]
  • 2017 – Bill Paxton, American actor and filmmaker (b. 1955)[199]
  • 2020 – Dmitry Yazov, last Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1924)[200]
  • 2022 – Farrah Forke, American actress (b. 1968)[201]
  • 2022 – Shirley Hughes, English author and illustrator (b. 1927)[202]

Holidays and observances

References
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