April 23

April 23 is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 252 days remain until the end of the year.

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April 23 in recent years
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Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

  • 1635 The first public school in the United States, Boston Latin School, is founded in Boston.
  • 1655 The Siege of Santo Domingo begins during the Anglo-Spanish War, and fails seven days later.
  • 1660 Treaty of Oliva is established between Sweden and Poland.
  • 1661 King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westminster Abbey.
  • 1815 The Second Serbian Uprising: A second phase of the national revolution of the Serbs against the Ottoman Empire, erupts shortly after the annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1879 Fire burns down the second main building and dome of the University of Notre Dame, which prompts the construction of the third, and current, Main Building with its golden dome.
  • 1891 Chilean Civil War: The ironclad Blanco Encalada is sunk at Caldera Bay by torpedo boats.[3][4]

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

  • 1141 (probable)[9] Malcolm IV of Scotland (d. 1165)
  • 1185 Afonso II of Portugal (d. 1223)[10]
  • 1408 John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (d. 1462)[11]
  • 1420 George of Poděbrady, King of Bohemia (d. 1471)
  • 1464 Joan of France, Duchess of Berry (d. 1505)
  • 1464 Robert Fayrfax, English Renaissance composer (d. 1521)
  • 1484 Julius Caesar Scaliger, Italian physician and scholar (d. 1558)
  • 1500 Alexander Ales, Scottish theologian and academic (d. 1565)
  • 1500 Johann Stumpf, Swiss writer (d. 1576)
  • 1512 Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, Chancellor of the University of Oxford (d. 1580)
  • 1516 Georg Fabricius, German poet, historian, and archaeologist (d. 1571)
  • 1598 Maarten Tromp, Dutch admiral (d. 1653)

1601–1900

  • 1621 William Penn, English admiral and politician (d. 1670)
  • 1628 Johannes Hudde, Dutch mathematician and politician (d. 1704)
  • 1661 Issachar Berend Lehmann, German-Jewish banker, merchant and diplomat (d. 1730)
  • 1715 Johann Friedrich Doles, German composer and conductor (d. 1797)
  • 1720 Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi and author (d. 1797)
  • 1744 Princess Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (d. 1770)
  • 1748 Félix Vicq-d'Azyr, French physician and anatomist (d. 1794)
  • 1791 James Buchanan, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 15th President of the United States (d. 1868)
  • 1792 Thomas Romney Robinson, Irish astronomer and physicist (d. 1882)
  • 1794 Wei Yuan, Chinese scholar and author (d. 1856)
  • 1805 Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz, German philosopher and academic (d. 1879)
  • 1812 Frederick Whitaker, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1891)
  • 1813 Stephen A. Douglas, American educator and politician, 7th Illinois Secretary of State (d. 1861)
  • 1813 Frédéric Ozanam, Italian-French historian and scholar (d. 1853)
  • 1818 James Anthony Froude, English historian, novelist, biographer and editor (d. 1894)
  • 1819 Edward Stafford, Scottish-New Zealand educator and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1901)
  • 1853 Winthrop M. Crane, American businessman and politician, 40th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1920)
  • 1856 Granville Woods, American inventor and engineer (d. 1910)
  • 1857 Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (d. 1919)
  • 1858 Max Planck, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
  • 1860 Justinian Oxenham, Australian public servant (d. 1932)
  • 1861 Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, English field marshal and diplomat, British High Commissioner in Egypt (d. 1936)
  • 1861 John Peltz, American baseball player and manager (d. 1906)
  • 1865 Ali-Agha Shikhlinski, Russian-Azerbaijani general (d. 1943)
  • 1867 Johannes Fibiger, Danish physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
  • 1876 Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, German historian and author (d. 1925)
  • 1880 Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1942)
  • 1882 Albert Coates, English composer and conductor (d. 1953)
  • 1888 Georges Vanier, Canadian general and politician, 19th Governor General of Canada (d. 1967)
  • 1889 Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (d. 1942)
  • 1893 Frank Borzage, American actor and director (d. 1952)
  • 1895 Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand author and director (d. 1982)[12]
  • 1897 Folke Jansson, American general (d. 1965)
  • 1897 Lester B. Pearson, Canadian historian and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Canada, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)
  • 1898 Lucius D. Clay, American general (d. 1978)
  • 1899 Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
  • 1899 Minoru Shirota, Japanese physician and microbiologist, invented Yakult (d. 1982)
  • 1900 Jim Bottomley, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1959)[13]
  • 1900 Joseph Green, Polish-American actor and director (d. 1996)

1901–present

  • 1901 E. B. Ford, English biologist and geneticist (d. 1988)
  • 1902 Halldór Laxness, Icelandic author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
  • 1903 Guy Simonds, English-Canadian general (d. 1974)
  • 1904 Clifford Bricker, Canadian long-distance runner (d. 1980)
  • 1904 Louis Muhlstock, Polish-Canadian painter (d. 2001)
  • 1904 Duncan Renaldo, American actor (d. 1985)
  • 1907 Lee Miller, American model and photographer (d. 1977)
  • 1907 Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor, designed the Wotruba Church (d. 1975)
  • 1908 Myron Waldman, American animator and director (d. 2006)
  • 1910 Sheila Scott Macintyre, Scottish mathematician (d. 1960)[14]
  • 1910 Simone Simon, French actress (d. 2005)[15]
  • 1911 Ronald Neame, English-American director, cinematographer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
  • 1913 Diosa Costello, Puerto Rican-American entertainer, producer and club owner (d. 2013)
  • 1915 Arnold Alexander Hall, English engineer, academic, and businessman (d. 2000)
  • 1916 Yiannis Moralis, Greek painter and educator (d. 2009)
  • 1916 Sinah Estelle Kelley, American chemist (d. 1982)
  • 1917 Dorian Leigh, American model (d. 2008)
  • 1917 Tony Lupien, American baseball player and coach (d. 2004)
  • 1918 Maurice Druon, French author and screenwriter (d. 2009)[16]
  • 1919 Oleg Penkovsky, Russian colonel (d. 1963)
  • 1920 Eric Grant Yarrow, 3rd Baronet, English businessman (d. 2018)
  • 1921 Judy Agnew, Second Lady of the United States (d. 2012)[17]
  • 1921 Cleto Bellucci, Italian archbishop (d. 2013)
  • 1921 Janet Blair, American actress and singer (d. 2007)
  • 1921 Warren Spahn, American baseball player and coach (d. 2003)
  • 1923 Dolph Briscoe, American lieutenant and politician, 41st Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
  • 1923 Avram Davidson, American soldier and author (d. 1993)
  • 1924 Chuck Harmon, American baseball player and scout (d. 2019)
  • 1924 Bobby Rosengarden, American drummer and bandleader (d. 2007)
  • 1926 J.P. Donleavy, American-Irish novelist and playwright (d. 2017)
  • 1926 Rifaat el-Mahgoub, Egyptian politician (d. 1990)
  • 1928 Shirley Temple, American actress, singer, dancer, and diplomat (d. 2014)[18]
  • 1929 George Steiner, French-American philosopher, author, and critic (d. 2020)[19]
  • 1932 Halston, American fashion designer (d. 1990)
  • 1932 Jim Fixx, American runner and author (d. 1984)
  • 1933 Annie Easley, American computer scientist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 2011)
  • 1934 George Canseco, Filipino composer and producer (d. 2004)
  • 1936 Roy Orbison, American singer-songwriter (d. 1988)
  • 1937 Victoria Glendinning, English author and critic
  • 1937 David Mills, English cricketer (d. 2013)
  • 1937 Barry Shepherd, Australian cricketer (d. 2001)
  • 1939 Jorge Fons, Mexican director and screenwriter
  • 1939 Bill Hagerty, English journalist
  • 1939 Lee Majors, American actor
  • 1939 Ray Peterson, American pop singer (d. 2005)
  • 1940 Michael Copps, American academic and politician
  • 1940 Dale Houston, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
  • 1940 Michael Kadosh, Israeli footballer and manager (d. 2014)
  • 1941 Jacqueline Boyer, French singer and actress
  • 1941 Arie den Hartog, Dutch road bicycle racer (d. 2018)
  • 1941 Paavo Lipponen, Finnish journalist and politician, 38th Prime Minister of Finland
  • 1941 Michael Lynne, American film producer, co-founded New Line Cinema
  • 1941 Ed Stewart, English radio and television host (d. 2016)
  • 1941 Ray Tomlinson, American computer programmer and engineer (d. 2016)
  • 1942 Sandra Dee, American model and actress (d. 2005)
  • 1943 Gail Goodrich, American basketball player and coach
  • 1943 Tony Esposito, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2021)
  • 1943 Frans Koppelaar, Dutch painter
  • 1943 Hervé Villechaize, French actor (d. 1993)
  • 1944 Jean-François Stévenin, French actor and director (d. 2021)
  • 1946 Blair Brown, American actress
  • 1946 Carlton Sherwood, American soldier and journalist (d. 2014)
  • 1947 Robert Burgess, English sociologist and academic
  • 1947 Glenn Cornick, English bass player (d. 2014)
  • 1947 Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, Irish civil rights leader and politician
  • 1948 Pascal Quignard, French author and screenwriter
  • 1948 Serge Thériault, Canadian actor
  • 1949 Paul Collier, English economist and academic
  • 1949 David Cross, English violinist
  • 1949 John Miles, British rock singer, songwriter, and guitarist
  • 1950 Rowley Leigh, English chef and journalist
  • 1950 Barbara McIlvaine Smith, Sac and Fox Nation Native American politician
  • 1951 Martin Bayerle, American treasure hunter
  • 1952 Narada Michael Walden, American singer-songwriter, drummer, and producer
  • 1953 James Russo, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1954 Stephen Dalton, English air marshal
  • 1954 Michael Moore, American director, producer, and activist
  • 1955 Judy Davis, Australian actress
  • 1955 Tony Miles, English chess player (d. 2001)
  • 1955 Urmas Ott, Estonian journalist and author (d. 2008)
  • 1957 Neville Brody, English graphic designer, typographer, and art director
  • 1957 Jan Hooks, American actress and comedian (d. 2014)
  • 1958 Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson, Icelandic composer and producer
  • 1958 Ryan Walter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1959 Unity Dow, Botswanan judge, author, and rights activist[20]
  • 1960 Valerie Bertinelli, American actress
  • 1960 Steve Clark, English guitarist and songwriter (d. 1991)
  • 1960 Barry Douglas, Irish pianist and conductor
  • 1960 Léo Jaime, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
  • 1960 Claude Julien, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1961 George Lopez, American comedian, actor, and talk show host
  • 1961 Pierluigi Martini, Italian race car driver
  • 1962 John Hannah, Scottish actor and producer
  • 1962 Shaun Spiers, English businessman and politician
  • 1963 Paul Belmondo, French race car driver
  • 1963 Robby Naish, American windsurfer
  • 1964 Gianandrea Noseda, Italian pianist and conductor
  • 1965 Leni Robredo, Filipina human rights lawyer, 14th Vice President of the Philippines
  • 1966 Jörg Deisinger, German bass player
  • 1966 Matt Freeman, American bass player
  • 1966 Lembit Oll, Estonian chess Grandmaster (d. 1999)
  • 1967 Rhéal Cormier, Canadian baseball player (d. 2021)
  • 1967 Melina Kanakaredes, American actress
  • 1968 Bas Haring, Dutch philosopher, writer, television presenter and professor.
  • 1968 Ken McRae, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1968 Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist, Oklahoma City bombing co-perpetrator (d. 2001)
  • 1969 Martín López-Zubero, American-Spanish swimmer and coach
  • 1969 Yelena Shushunova, Russian gymnast
  • 1970 Egemen Bağış, Turkish politician, 1st Minister of European Union Affairs
  • 1970 Dennis Culp, American singer-songwriter and trombonist
  • 1970 Andrew Gee, Australian rugby league player and manager
  • 1970 Hans Välimäki, Finnish chef and author
  • 1970 Tayfur Havutçu, Turkish international footballer and manager
  • 1971 Uli Herzner, German-American fashion designer
  • 1972 Pierre Labrie, Canadian poet and playwright
  • 1972 Peter Dench, English photographer and journalist
  • 1972 Amira Medunjanin, Bosnian singer
  • 1973 Patrick Poulin, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1974 Carlos Dengler, American bass player
  • 1974 Michael Kerr, New Zealand-German rugby player
  • 1975 Bobby Shaw, American football player
  • 1976 Gabriel Damon, American actor[21]
  • 1976 Aaron Dessner, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
  • 1977 John Cena, American professional wrestler and actor
  • 1977 David Kidwell, New Zealand rugby league player and coach
  • 1977 Willie Mitchell, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1977 John Oliver, English comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1977 Kal Penn, Indian-American actor
  • 1977 Bram Schmitz, Dutch cyclist
  • 1977 Lee Young-pyo, South Korean international footballer[22]
  • 1978 Gezahegne Abera, Ethiopian runner
  • 1979 Barry Hawkins, English snooker player
  • 1979 Jaime King, American actress and model
  • 1979 Joanna Krupa, Polish-American model and television personality
  • 1979 Samppa Lajunen, Finnish skier
  • 1980 Nicole den Dulk, Dutch Paralympic equestrian[23]
  • 1982 Kyle Beckerman, American footballer[24]
  • 1982 Tony Sunshine, American singer-songwriter
  • 1983 Leon Andreasen, Danish international footballer[25]
  • 1983 Daniela Hantuchová, Slovak tennis player
  • 1983 Ian Henderson, English rugby league player
  • 1984 Alexandra Kosteniuk, Russian chess player
  • 1984 Jesse Lee Soffer, American actor
  • 1985 Angel Locsin, Filipino actress, producer, and fashion designer
  • 1986 Sven Kramer, Dutch speed skater
  • 1986 Alysia Montaño, American runner
  • 1986 Rafael Fernandes, Brazilian baseball player
  • 1987 Michael Arroyo, Ecuadorian footballer
  • 1987 John Boye, Ghanaian footballer
  • 1987 Emily Fox, American basketball player
  • 1988 Victor Anichebe, Nigerian footballer
  • 1988 Alistair Brownlee, English triathlete
  • 1988 Signe Ronka, Canadian figure skater
  • 1988 Lenka Wienerová, Slovak tennis player
  • 1989 Nicole Vaidišová, Czech tennis player
  • 1990 Rui Fonte, Portuguese footballer[26]
  • 1990 Dev Patel, English actor
  • 1991 Nathan Baker, English footballer
  • 1991 Caleb Johnson, American singer-songwriter
  • 1991 Paul Vaughan, Australian-Italian rugby league player
  • 1994 Patrick Olsen, Danish footballer
  • 1994 Song Kang, South Korean actor
  • 1995 Gigi Hadid, American fashion model and television personality
  • 1996 Carolina Alves, Brazilian tennis player[27]
  • 1997 Zach Apple, American swimmer[28]
  • 1999 Son Chaeyoung, South Korean rapper and singer-songwriter[29]
  • 2018 Prince Louis, member of the British royal family

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

  • 1605 Boris Godunov, Russian ruler (b. 1551)
  • 1616 William Shakespeare, English playwright and poet (b. 1564)[32]
  • 1625 Maurice, Prince of Orange (b. 1567)
  • 1695 Henry Vaughan, Welsh poet and author (b. 1621)
  • 1702 Margaret Fell, English religious leader, founded the Religious Society of Friends (b. 1614)
  • 1781 James Abercrombie, Scottish general and politician (b. 1706)
  • 1784 Solomon I of Imereti (b. 1735)
  • 1792 Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, German theologian and author (b. 1741)
  • 1794 Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, French lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
  • 1827 Georgios Karaiskakis, Greek general (b. 1780)
  • 1839 Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin, French admiral and explorer (b. 1768)
  • 1850 William Wordsworth, English poet and author (b. 1770)
  • 1889 Jules Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly, French author and critic (b. 1808)
  • 1895 Carl Ludwig, German physician and physiologist (b. 1815)

1901–present

  • 1905 Gédéon Ouimet, Canadian politician, 2nd Premier of Quebec (b. 1823)
  • 1907 Alferd Packer, American prospector (b. 1842)
  • 1915 Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887)
  • 1936 Teresa de la Parra, French-Venezuelan author (b. 1889)
  • 1951 Jules Berry, French actor and director (b. 1883)
  • 1951 Charles G. Dawes, American banker and politician, 30th Vice President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1865)
  • 1959 Bak Jungyang, Korean politician
  • 1965 George Adamski, Polish-American ufologist and author (b. 1891)
  • 1966 George Ohsawa, Japanese founder of the Macrobiotic diet (b. 1893)
  • 1981 Josep Pla, Catalan journalist and author (b. 1897)
  • 1983 Buster Crabbe, American swimmer and actor (b. 1908)
  • 1984 Red Garland, American pianist (b. 1923)
  • 1985 Sam Ervin, American lawyer and politician (b. 1896)
  • 1985 Frank Farrell, Australian rugby league player and policeman (b. 1916)
  • 1986 Harold Arlen, American composer (b. 1905)
  • 1986 Jim Laker, English international cricketer and sportscaster; holder of world record for most wickets taken in a match (b. 1922)[33]
  • 1986 Otto Preminger, Ukrainian-American actor, director, and producer (b. 1906)
  • 1990 Paulette Goddard, American actress (b. 1910)
  • 1991 Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
  • 1992 Satyajit Ray, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
  • 1992 Tanka Prasad Acharya, Nepalese politician, 27th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1912)
  • 1993 Cesar Chavez, American activist, co-founded the United Farm Workers (b. 1927)
  • 1995 Douglas Lloyd Campbell, Canadian farmer and politician, 13th Premier of Manitoba (b. 1895)
  • 1995 Howard Cosell, American lawyer and journalist (b. 1918)
  • 1995 Riho Lahi, Estonian journalist (b. 1904)
  • 1995 John C. Stennis, American lawyer and politician (b. 1904)
  • 1996 Jean Victor Allard, Canadian general (b. 1913)
  • 1996 P. L. Travers, Australian-English author and actress (b. 1899)
  • 1997 Denis Compton, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1918)
  • 1998 Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek lawyer and politician, 172nd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1907)
  • 1998 James Earl Ray, American assassin of Martin Luther King Jr. (b. 1928)
  • 1998 Thanassis Skordalos, Greek singer-songwriter and lyra player (b. 1920)
  • 2003 Fernand Fonssagrives, French-American photographer (b. 1910)
  • 2004 Herman Veenstra, Dutch water polo player (b. 1911)
  • 2005 Joh Bjelke-Petersen, New Zealand-Australian politician, 31st Premier of Queensland (b. 1911)
  • 2005 Robert Farnon, Canadian-English trumpet player, composer and conductor (b. 1917)
  • 2005 Al Grassby, Australian journalist and politician (b. 1928)
  • 2005 John Mills, English actor (b. 1908)[34]
  • 2005 Romano Scarpa, Italian author and illustrator (b. 1927)
  • 2005 Earl Wilson, American baseball player, coach and educator (b. 1934)
  • 2006 Phil Walden, American record producer and manager, co-founder of Capricorn Records (b. 1940)
  • 2007 Paul Erdman, Canadian-American economist and author (b. 1932)
  • 2007 David Halberstam, American journalist, historian and author (b. 1934)
  • 2007 Peter Randall, English sergeant (b. 1930)
  • 2007 Boris Yeltsin, Russian politician, 1st President of Russia (b. 1931)
  • 2010 Peter Porter, Australian-born British poet (b. 1929)
  • 2011 James Casey, English comedian, radio scriptwriter and producer (b. 1922)
  • 2011 Tom King, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1943)
  • 2011 Geoffrey Russell, 4th Baron Ampthill, English businessman and politician (b. 1921)
  • 2011 Max van der Stoel, Dutch politician and Minister of State (b. 1924)
  • 2011 John Sullivan, English screenwriter and producer (b. 1946)
  • 2012 Lillemor Arvidsson, Swedish trade union leader and politician, 34th Governor of Gotland (b. 1943)
  • 2012 Billy Bryans, Canadian drummer, songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
  • 2012 Chris Ethridge, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1947)
  • 2012 Raymond Thorsteinsson, Canadian geologist and paleontologist (b. 1921)
  • 2012 LeRoy T. Walker, American football player and coach (b. 1918)
  • 2013 Bob Brozman, American guitarist (b. 1954)
  • 2013 Robert W. Edgar, American educator and politician (b. 1943)
  • 2013 Tony Grealish, English footballer (b. 1956)
  • 2013 Antonio Maccanico, Italian banker and politician (b. 1924)
  • 2013 Frank W. J. Olver, English-American mathematician and academic (b. 1924)
  • 2013 Kathryn Wasserman Davis, American philanthropist and scholar (b. 1907)
  • 2014 Benjamín Brea, Spanish-Venezuelan saxophonist, clarinet player, and conductor (b. 1946)
  • 2014 Michael Glawogger, Austrian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (b. 1959)
  • 2014 Jaap Havekotte, Dutch speed skater and producer of ice skates (b. 1912)
  • 2014 Connie Marrero, Cuban baseball player and coach (b. 1911)
  • 2014 F. Michael Rogers, American general (b. 1921)
  • 2014 Mark Shand, English conservationist and author (b. 1951)
  • 2014 Patric Standford, English composer and educator (b. 1939)
  • 2015 Richard Corliss, American journalist and critic (b. 1944)
  • 2015 Ray Jackson, Australian activist (b. 1941)
  • 2015 Pierre Claude Nolin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Speaker of the Canadian Senate (b. 1950)
  • 2015 Jim Steffen, American football player (b. 1936)
  • 2015 Francis Tsai, American author and illustrator (b. 1967)
  • 2016 Inge King, German-born Australian sculptor (b. 1915)
  • 2016 Banharn Silpa-archa, Thai politician, Prime Minister from 1995 to 1996 (b. 1932)
  • 2019 Charity Sunshine Tillemann-Dick, American soprano singer and presenter (b. 1983)[35]
  • 2019 Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1921)[36]
  • 2021 Dan Kaminsky, American internet security researcher (b. 1979)[37]
  • 2022 Orrin Hatch, American politician, President pro tempore of the United States Senate (b. 1934)[38]

Holidays and observances

References

  1. "Edmund II | king of England". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  2. Daniel, Clifton (1989). Chronicle of America. Chronicle publication. p. 20. ISBN 0-13-133745-9.
  3. "Blanco Encalada, fragata blindada (1º)" (in Spanish). Armada de Chile. Archived from the original on 3 December 2009. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
  4. Stem, Robert. Destroyer Battles: Epics of Naval Close Combat, p.22. Seaforth Publishing, 2008. ISBN 1473813565. (online)
  5. Constituent Assembly – Riigikogu
  6. "This Is the First Ever YouTube Video". Time. Retrieved 2017-04-22.
  7. "Toronto van attack: Suspect quizzed after 10 pedestrians killed". BBC. 24 April 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  8. "54 miners missing and feared dead after mudslide at Myanmar jade mine". CBS News. 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  9. Scotland. Sovereigns, etc; Scotland (1960). Regesta Regum Scottorum, 1153-1424: The acts of Malcolm IV, King of Scots. University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9780852243954.
  10. George Long (1843). The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge--. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 73.
  11. The Register of Americans of Prominent Descent. Morten Publishing Company. 1982. p. 69.
  12. Mary S. Weinkauf; Mary Wickizer Burgess (1 January 1996). Murder Most Poetic: The Mystery Novels of Ngaio Marsh. Wildside Press LLC. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-89370-297-7.
  13. "Jim Bottomley". Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  14. Fasanelli, Florence D. (1987). "Sheila Scott Macintyre". In Grinstein, Louise S.; Campbell, Paul J. (eds.). Women of Mathematics: a Biobibliographic Sourcebook. New York: Greenwood Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-3132-4849-8.
  15. Anne Commire; Deborah Klezmer (2002). Women in World History: Schu-Sui. Yorkin Publications. p. 352. ISBN 978-0-7876-4073-6.
  16. New Times. New Times Publishing House. January 1996. p. liv.
  17. Martin, Douglas (2012-06-27). "Judy Agnew, Wife of Vice President, Dies at 91". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
  18. Judith A. Leavitt (1985). American Women Managers and Administrators: A Selective Biographical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-313-23748-5.
  19. Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher; Grimes, William (February 3, 2020). "George Steiner, Prodigious Literary Critic, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  20. Dictionary of African biography. Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku., Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2012. p. 248. ISBN 9780195382075. OCLC 706025122.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  21. "Shedding some light on Judith Light". The Vancouver Sun. March 5, 1993. p. 80.
  22. "Lee Young-pyo". sporting-heroes.net. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  23. "Nicole den Dulk data". FEI.org. Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  24. Tony Hendroyono. Fifa World Cup 2010: Laga Akbar Tim Sepak Bola Dunia
  25. "Leon Andreasen". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  26. "Rui Fonte". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  27. "Carolina Alves | Player Stats & More – WTA Official". Women's Tennis Association. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
  28. "National Team Bios". USA Swimming. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  29. "TWICE". twice.jype.com (in Korean). Retrieved 2020-11-05.
  30. Arasteh, Amira; Daly, Hannah (23 April 2022). "St George's Day 2022: How the dragon-slayer became the patron saint of England". The Telegraph. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  31. Charles, Herbermann (1913). "Ekkehard". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  32. "The Death of Shakespeare | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  33. Hill 1998, p. 1.
  34. "John Mills". BFI. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  35. "Opera singer who received two double lung transplants has died at 35". CBS News. 2019-04-24.
  36. "Grand Duke Jean passes away". delano.lu. Retrieved 2021-11-24.
  37. "Dan Kaminsky's Sudden Death Wasn't Related to COVID-19 Vaccine: Family". Heavy.com. 2021-04-25.
  38. Brown, Michael (April 23, 2022). "Orrin G. Hatch, longest-serving Republican in Senate history, dies at 88". The Washington Post.
  39. Cooper, J. C. (2013). Dictionary of Christianity. Abingdon, Oxon. p. 2. ISBN 9781315074047.
  40. "World Book and Copyright Day". UNESCO. 29 April 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  41. "English Language Day". United Nations. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  42. UN International Days. Retrieved 2019-04-09.

Bibliography

  • Hill, Alan (1998). Jim Laker: A Biography. London: Andre Deutsch Ltd. ISBN 978-02-33050-43-0.
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