γάλα
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- γλάγος (glágos)
Etymology
Either inherited from Proto-Indo-European *glakt-, *galakt- (note Hittite [script needed] (galaktar, “soothing substance, nutrient”), from [script needed] (galak-, “to soothe”)) or a loaned Wanderwort from an unknown Mediterranean source, possibly Pre-Greek. Related to Latin lac, Old Armenian կաթն (katʿn), Albanian dhallë and possibly Albanian gjoks.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡá.la/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈɡa.la/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈɣa.la/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈɣa.la/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈɣa.la/
Usage notes
γᾰ́λᾰ was sometimes treated as indeclinable.
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ γᾰ́λᾰ tò gála |
τὼ γᾰ́λᾰκτε tṑ gálakte |
τᾰ̀ γᾰ́λᾰκτᾰ tà gálakta | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ γᾰ́λᾰκτος toû gálaktos |
τοῖν γᾰλᾰ́κτοιν toîn galáktoin |
τῶν γᾰλᾰ́κτων tôn galáktōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ γᾰ́λᾰκτῐ tôi gálakti |
τοῖν γᾰλᾰ́κτοιν toîn galáktoin |
τοῖς γᾰ́λᾰξῐ / γᾰ́λᾰξῐν toîs gálaxi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ γᾰ́λᾰ tò gála |
τὼ γᾰ́λᾰκτε tṑ gálakte |
τᾰ̀ γᾰ́λᾰκτᾰ tà gálakta | ||||||||||
| Vocative | γᾰ́λᾰ gála |
γᾰ́λᾰκτε gálakte |
γᾰ́λᾰκτᾰ gálakta | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ γᾰ́λᾰ tò gála |
τὼ γᾰ́λᾰκε tṑ gálake |
τᾰ̀ γᾰ́λᾰκᾰ tà gálaka | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ γᾰ́λᾰκος toû gálakos |
τοῖν γᾰλᾰ́κοιν toîn galákoin |
τῶν γᾰλᾰ́κων tôn galákōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ γᾰ́λᾰκῐ tôi gálaki |
τοῖν γᾰλᾰ́κοιν toîn galákoin |
τοῖς γᾰ́λᾰῐ / γᾰ́λᾰῐν / γᾰ́λᾰξῐ / γᾰ́λᾰξῐν toîs gálai(n) / gálaxi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ γᾰ́λᾰ tò gála |
τὼ γᾰ́λᾰκε tṑ gálake |
τᾰ̀ γᾰ́λᾰκᾰ tà gálaka | ||||||||||
| Vocative | γᾰ́λᾰ gála |
γᾰ́λᾰκε gálake |
γᾰ́λᾰκᾰ gálaka | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- γλαγάω (glagáō)
- γαλάκτινος (galáktinos)
- γαλαξίας (galaxías)
References
- γάλα in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- γάλα in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- γάλα in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- γάλα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- γάλα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- γάλα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
- γάλα in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G1051 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- milla idem, page 529.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill
Greek
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɣala]
- Hyphenation: γά‧λα
Declension
Related terms
- γαλατάς m (galatás, “milkman”)
- γαλατάδικο n (galatádiko, “dairy”)
- γαλακτοπωλείο n (galaktopoleío, “dairy”)
- βουτυρόγαλα f (voutyrógala, “buttermilk”)
- κρέμα γάλακτος f (kréma gálaktos, “dairy cream”)
- πρωτόγαλα f (protógala, “colostrum”)
- σκονόγαλα f (skonógala, “powdered milk”)
- συμπυκνωμένο γάλα f (sympyknoméno gála, “condensed milk”)
Further reading
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