бꙑти
Old Church Slavonic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *byti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuh₂- (see Proto-Indo-European *bʰew-). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian būti and Latvian būt. Other Indo-European cognates include Latin fuī (“I was”), Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Sanskrit भवति (bhávati, “to become”), and Persian بودن (budan, “to be”).
Conjugation
| present | imperfective | aorist | future | imperative | perfective aorist | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person sg | есмь | — | бѣхъ | бѫдѫ | — | бꙑхъ |
| 2nd person sg | еси | — | бѣ | бѫдеши | бѫди | бꙑстъ (бꙑ) |
| 3rd person sg | естъ | бѣаше | бѣ | бѫдетъ | бѫди | бꙑстъ (бꙑ) |
| 1st person dual | есвѣ | — | бѣховѣ | бѫдевѣ | бѫдѣвѣ | бꙑховѣ |
| 2nd person dual | еста | — | бѣста | бѫдета | бѫдѣта | бꙑста |
| 3rd person dual | есте | бѣашете | бѣсте | бѫдете | бѫдѣте | бꙑсте |
| 1st person pl | есмъ | — | бѣхомъ | бѫдемъ | бѫдѣмъ | бꙑхомъ |
| 2nd person pl | есте | — | бѣсте | бѫдете | бѫдѣте | бꙑсте |
| 3rd person pl | сѫтъ | бѣахѫ | бѣшѧ | бѫдѫтъ | бѫдѫ | бꙑшѧ |
participles
| masculine sg | neuter sg | feminine sg | |
|---|---|---|---|
| present active participle | сꙑ | сꙑ | сѫшти |
| resultative participle | бꙑлъ | бꙑло | бꙑла |
| past active participle | бꙑвъ | бꙑвъ | бꙑвъши |
| substantive | — | бꙑтьѥ, бꙑтиѥ | — |
не бꙑти (negative conjugation)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | нѣсмь | нѣсвѣ | нѣсмъ |
| 2nd person | нѣси | нѣста | нѣсте |
| 3rd person | нѣстъ | нѣсте | не сѫтъ |
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