знати
Old Church Slavonic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.
Old East Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈznatʲɪ]
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-. Cognate with Bulgarian зная (znaja), Russian знать (znatʹ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /znâti/
- Hyphenation: зна‧ти
Verb
зна̏ти impf (Latin spelling znȁti)
- (transitive, intransitive) to know
- (transitive) to be privy to
- (transitive) to be versed in
Conjugation
Conjugation of знати
| Infinitive: знати | Present verbal adverb: зна̏јӯћи / зна́дӯћи | Past verbal adverb: — | Verbal noun: — | ||||
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| Verbal forms | ја | ти | он / она / оно | ми | ви | они / оне / она | |
| Present | знам / знадем | знаш / знадеш | зна / знаде | знамо / знадемо | знате / знадете | знају / знаду | |
| Future | Future I | знат ћу1 знаћу |
знат ћеш1 знаћеш |
знат ће1 знаће |
знат ћемо1 знаћемо |
знат ћете1 знаћете |
знат ће1 знаће |
| Future II | будем знао2 | будеш знао2 | буде знао2 | будемо знали2 | будете знали2 | буду знали2 | |
| Past | Perfect | знао сам2 | знао си2 | знао je2 | знали смо2 | знали сте2 | знали су2 |
| Pluperfect3 | био сам знао2 | био си знао2 | био је знао2 | били смо знали2 | били сте знали2 | били су знали2 | |
| Imperfect | знах | знаше | знаше | знасмо | знасте | знаху | |
| Conditional I | знао бих2 | знао би2 | знао би2 | знали бисмо2 | знали бисте2 | знали би2 | |
| Conditional II | био бих знао2 | био би знао2 | био би знао2 | били бисмо знали2 | били бисте знали2 | били би знали2 | |
| Imperative | — | знај | — | знајмо | знајте | — | |
| Active past participle | знао m / знала f / знало n | знали m / знале f / знала n | |||||
| Passive past participle | знан m / знана f / знано n | знани m / знане f / знана n | |||||
| 1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. * Note: The aorist and imperfect have nowadays fallen into disuse and as such they are found only in literary texts; routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech. | |||||||
Derived terms
- до̀знати (“to find out”)
- зна́ње n (“knowledge”)
- зна́нац m (“acquaintance”)
- зна̏но̄ст f (“science”)
- по̀знати (“to know, have knowledge of; to recognize, make out”)
- препо̀знати (“to recognize”)
- прѝзнати (“to acknowledge, recognize; to own, confess; to admit; to concede the claim; to appreciate; to plead guilty”)
- раза̀знати (“to distinguish, make out, differentiate”)
- распо̀знати (“to tell apart, recognize, discern, make out”)
- са̀знати (“to find out, come to know”)
- спо̀знати (“to comprehend, conceive; to become aware or cognizant of; to learn”)
- упо̀знати (“to get acquainted with; to meet, get introduced to; learn; experience”)
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Old East Slavic знати (znati), from Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-. Cognate with Belarusian знаць (znacʹ) and Russian знать (znatʹ).
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - IPA(key): [ˈznɑte]
Conjugation
Conjugation of зна́ти (znáty)
| imperfective aspect | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | зна́ти znáty | |
| participles | present tense | past tense |
| active | — | — |
| passive | — | зна́ний znányj |
| adverbial | зна́ючи znájučy | зна́вши znávšy |
| present tense | future tense | |
| 1st singular | зна́ю znáju | бу́ду зна́ти, зна́тиму búdu znáty, znátymu |
| 2nd singular | зна́єш znáješ | бу́деш зна́ти, зна́тимеш búdeš znáty, znátymeš |
| 3rd singular | зна́є znáje | бу́де зна́ти, зна́тиме búde znáty, znátyme |
| 1st plural | зна́ємо znájemo | бу́демо зна́ти, зна́тимемо búdemo znáty, znátymemo |
| 2nd plural | зна́єте znájete | бу́дете зна́ти, зна́тимете búdete znáty, znátymete |
| 3rd plural | зна́ють znájutʹ | бу́дуть зна́ти, зна́тимуть búdutʹ znáty, znátymutʹ |
| imperative | singular | plural |
| 1st person | — | зна́ймо znájmo |
| 2nd person | знай znaj | зна́йте znájte |
| past tense | singular | plural |
| masculine | знав znav | зна́ли znály |
| feminine | зна́ла znála | |
| neuter | зна́ло ználo | |
References
- Melʹnyčuk O. S., editor (1985), “знати”, in Etymolohičnyj slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume II, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, page 270
- знати in Bilodid I. K., editor (1970–1980) Slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy, Kiev: Naukova Dumka
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