योग

Borrowed from Sanskrit योग (yóga), from युनक्ति (yunákti, “to yoke”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.

• IPA^(key): /joːɡ/
• (Yoga) IPA^(key): /joː.ɡɑː/, /joːɡ/
• Rhymes: -oːɡ

योग • (yog) m (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism)

1. yoga (discipline aiming to train the consciousness)

   मैं प्रतिदिन प्रातः योग करता हूँ।

   ma͠i pratidin prātaḥ yog kartā hū̃.

   I do yoga every morning.

   अमृत योग ― amŕt yog ― "Immortal Yoga"; kind of yoga

   • Manish Verma (2017) योग से जीवन को स्वस्थ बनाएं

     भारतीय दर्शन में योग एक अति महत्वपूर्ण शब्द है।

     bhārtīya darśan mẽ yog ek ati mahatvapūrṇ śabd hai.

     In the Indian context, yoga is a very important word.

   1. meditation

      Synonym: ध्यान (dhyān)

   2. oneness with Brahma; enlightenment
2. use, utilization

   Synonyms: उपयोग (upyog), प्रयोग (prayog), इस्तेमाल (istemāl)

   1. benefit

      Synonym: लाभ (lābh)

3. combination, mixture

   Synonyms: जोड़ (joṛ), मेल (mel), संयोग (sãyog), मिलन (milan)

4. (mathematics) total, sum

   ४ और ३ का योग ७ है। ― 4 aur 3 kā yog 7 hai. ― 4 + 3 = 7

   Synonym: जोड़ (joṛ)

5. method, way, path

   ज्ञान योग ― gyān yog ― path to knowledge; concept in Advaita Vedanta school of Hinduism

6. contribution, help
7. (astrology) auspicious occasion

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-European *yéwgos, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”). Compare the verbal root युनक्ति (yunákti, “to yoke”), युग (yugá) (< Proto-Indo-European *yugóm).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́w.ɡɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈjoː.ɡɐ/

योग • (yóga) m (Vedic yáuga)

1. the act of yoking, joining, attaching, harnessing, putting to (of horses)
   • RV 10.39.12c

     आ तेन यातं मनसो जवीयसा रथं यं वां रभवश्चक्रुरश्विना |

     यस्य योगे दुहिता जायते दिव उभे अहनीसुदिने विवस्वतः ||

     ā́ téna yātam mánaso jávīyasā rátʰaṃ yáṃ vām r̥bʰávaś cakrúr aśvinā |

     yásya yóge duhitā́ jā́yate divá ubʰé áhanī sudíne vivásvataḥ ||

     Come on that Chariot which the Rbhus wrought for you, the Chariot, Asvins, that is speedier than thought,

     At harnessing whereof Heaven's Daughter springs to birth, and from Vivasvan come auspicious Night and Day.

2. yoke, team, vehicle, conveyance
3. employment, use, application, performance
4. equipping or arraying (of an army)
5. fixing (of an arrow on the bow-string)
6. putting on (of armour)
7. remedy, cure
8. means, expedient, device, way, manner, method
9. supernatural means, charm, incantation, magical art
10. trick, stratagem, fraud, deceit (compare yoga-nanda)
11. undertaking, business, work
12. acquisition, gain, profit, wealth, property
13. occasion, opportunity
14. any junction, union, combination, contact with (+instrumental with or without सह (sahá), or compound)

    योगम् (yogam) एति (eti) — to agree, consent, acquiesce in anything

15. mixing of various materials, mixture
16. partaking of, possessing (instrumental or compound)
17. connection, relation (योगात् (yogāt), योगेन (yógena) and योगतस् (yóga-tas) at the end of a compound: in consequence of, on account of, by reason of, according to, through)
18. putting together, arrangement, disposition, regular succession
19. fitting together, fitness, propriety, suitability

    योगेन (yógena) and योगतस् (yóga-tas) — suitably, fitly, duly, in the right manner

20. exertion, endeavour, zeal, diligence, industry, care, attention

    • योगतस् (yóga-tas) — strenuously, assiduously

    पूर्णेन योगेन (pūrṇena yogena) — with all one's powers, with overflowing zeal

21. yoga: application or concentration of the thoughts, abstract contemplation, meditation, (especially) self-concentration, abstract meditation and mental abstraction practised as a system
22. any simple act or rite conducive to yoga or abstract meditation
23. Yoga personified (as the son of Dharma and Kriya)
24. a follower of the yoga system
25. (in samkhya) the union of soul with matter (one of the 10 मूलिकअर्था (mūlika-arthā)s or radical facts)
26. (with पाशुपत (pāśupata)s) the union of the individual soul with the universal soul
27. (with पाञ्चरात्र (pāñcarātra)s) devotion, pious seeking after God
28. (with जैन (jaina)s) contact or mixing with the outer world
29. (astronomy) conjunction, lucky conjuncture
30. (astronomy) a constellation, asterism (these, with the moon, are called चान्द्रयोगाः (cāndra-yogāḥ) and are 13 in number; without the moon they are called खयोगाः (kha-yogāḥ), or नाभसयोगाः (nābhasa-yogāḥ))
31. (astronomy) the leading or principal star of a lunar asterism
32. (astronomy) name of a variable division of time (during which the joint motion in longitude of the sun and moon amounts to 13 degrees 20 minutes; there are 27 such yogas beginning with विष्कम्भ (viṣkambha) and ending with वैधृति (vaidhṛti))
33. (arithmetic) addition, sum, total
34. (grammar) the connection of words together, syntactical dependence of a word, construction (at the end of a compound = dependent on, ruled by)
35. (grammar) a combined or concentrated grammatical rule or aphorism
36. the connection of a word with its root, original or etymological meaning (as opposed to रूढि (rūḍhi))
37. violator of confidence, spy
38. name of a scholiast or commentator on the परमार्थसार (paramārthasāra)

• Monier Williams (1899), “योग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0856.