ⲉⲓⲣⲉ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ⲓⲗⲓ (ili) – Fayyumic
ⲓⲣⲉ (ire) – Lycopolitan
ⲓⲣⲓ (iri) – Bohairic

Etymology

From Demotic jr(j), from Egyptian
(jrj).

Verb

ⲉⲓⲣⲉ (eire) (nominal state ⲣ- or ⲉⲣ-)

(Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan) to make
(Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan) to do

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲉⲓⲣⲉ (Sahidic dialect)(See Appendix:Coptic verbs)

		singular					plural			Nominative
infinitive		ⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ eeire	negative infinitive	ⲉⲧⲙⲉⲓⲣⲉ etmeire
imperative		ⲉⲓⲣⲉ eire	negative imperative	ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpreire
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
present	-	ϯⲉⲓⲣⲉ tieire	ⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ keire	ⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ teeire	ϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ feire	ⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ seire	ⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ tneire	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ tetneire	ⲥⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ seeire	ⲉⲓⲣⲉ eire
	focalising	ⲉⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ eieire	ⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ ekeire	ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ereeire	ⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ efeire	ⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ eseire	ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ eneire	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ etetneire	ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ eueire	ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ereeire
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ neieire	ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ nekeire	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nereeire	ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ nefeire	ⲛⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ neseire	ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ neneire	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ netetneire	ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ neueire	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nereeire
	relative	ⲉϯⲉⲓⲣⲉ etieire	ⲉⲧⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ etkeire	ⲉⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ eteeire	ⲉⲧϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ etfeire	ⲉⲧⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ etseire	ⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ etneire	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ etetneire	ⲉⲧⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ etseire	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ etereeire
future	-	ϯⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ tinaeire	ⲕⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ knaeire	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ tenaeire	ϥⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ fnaeire	ⲥⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ snaeire	ⲧⲛⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ tnnaeire	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ tetnaeire	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ senaeire
	focalising	ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ einaeire	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ eknaeire	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ erenaeire	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ efnaeire	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ esnaeire	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ ennaeire	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ etetnnaeire	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ eunaeire	ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ereeire
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ neinaeire	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ neknaeire	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ nerenaeire	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ nefnaeire	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ nesnaeire	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ nennaeire	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ netetnnaeire	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ neunaeire	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nereeire
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ aieire	ⲁⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ akeire	ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ areeire	ⲁϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ afeire	ⲁⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ aseire	ⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ aneire	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ atetneire	ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ aueire	ⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ aeire
	negative	ⲙⲡⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpieire	ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpekeire	ⲙⲡⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpeeire	ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpefeire	ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpeseire	ⲙⲡⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpneire	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpetneire	ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpoueire	ⲙⲡⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpeeire
	focalising	ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntaieire	ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntakeire	ⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntareeire	ⲛⲧⲁϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntafeire	ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntaseire	ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntaneire	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntatneire	ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntaueire	ⲛⲧⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntaeire
	relative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ entaieire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ entakeire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ entareeire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ entafeire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ entaseire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ entaneire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ entatneire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ entaueire	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ entaeire
not yet		ⲙⲡⲁϯⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatieire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatkeire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpateeire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatfeire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatseire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatneire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatetneire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpatoueire	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mpateeire
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ šaieire	ϣⲁⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ šakeire	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲓⲣⲉ šareire	ϣⲁϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ šafeire	ϣⲁⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ šaseire	ϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ šaneire	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ šatetneire	ϣⲁⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ šaueire	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ šareeire
aorist	negative	ⲙⲉⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ meieire	ⲙⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ mekeire	ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mereeire	ⲙⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mefeire	ⲙⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ meseire	ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ meneire	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ metetneire	ⲙⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ meueire	ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mereeire
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ eieeire	ⲉⲕⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ekeeire	ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ereeire	ⲉϥⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ efeeire	ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ eseeire	ⲉⲛⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ eneeire	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ etetneeire	ⲉⲩⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ eueeire	ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ereeire
optative	negative	ⲛⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ nnaeire	ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ nnekeire	ⲛⲛⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nneeire	ⲛⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ nnefeire	ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ nneseire	ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ nneneire	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ nnetneire	ⲛⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ nneueire	ⲛⲛⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nneeire
affirmative jussive		ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ marieire			ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ marefeire	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mareseire	ⲙⲁⲣⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ marneire		ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ maroueire	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mareeire
negative jussive, negative causative		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ mprtraeire			ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mprtrefeire	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ mprtreseire	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ mprtreneire		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ mprtreueire	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ mprtreeire
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
precursive		ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ nterieire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ nterekeire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntereeire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ nterefeire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntereseire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntereneire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ nteretneire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ nteroueire	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntereeire
conditional		ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ eišaneire	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ekšaneire	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ eršaneire	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ efšaneire	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ esšaneire	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ enšaneire	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ etetnšaneire	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ eušaneire	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ eršaneire
limitative		ϣⲁⲛⲧⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantieire, šantaeire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantkeire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ šanteeire	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantfeire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantseire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantneire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantetneire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ šantoueire	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ šanteeire
conjunctive		ⲛⲧⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ, ⲛⲧⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntieire, ntaeire	ⲛⲧⲅⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntgeire	ⲛⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nteeire	ⲛϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ nfeire	ⲛⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ nseire	ⲛⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntneire	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ntetneire	ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nseeire	ⲛⲧⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ nteeire
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲉⲓⲣⲉ taeire, tarieire	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ tarekeire	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ tareeire	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ tarefeire	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲓⲣⲉ tareseire	ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ tarneire	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ taretneire	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ taroueire	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ tareeire

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 48
Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 83

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