ⲓⲗⲓ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ⲉⲓⲣⲉ (eire) – Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan
ⲓⲣⲉ (ire) – Lycopolitan
ⲓⲣⲓ (iri) – Bohairic

Etymology

From Demotic jr(j), from Egyptian
(jrj).

Verb

ⲓⲗⲓ (ili)

(Fayyumic) to make
(Fayyumic) to do

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲓⲗⲓ (Fayyumic dialect)(See Appendix:Coptic verbs)

		singular					plural			Nominative
infinitive		ⲉⲓⲗⲓ eili	negative infinitive		ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲓⲗⲓ eštemili
imperative		ⲓⲗⲓ ili	negative imperative		ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲓⲗⲓ mpelili
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ	-
present	simple present	ϯⲓⲗⲓ tiili	ⲕⲓⲗⲓ kili	ⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ teili	ϥⲓⲗⲓ fili	ⲥⲓⲗⲓ sili	ⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ tenili	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ tetenili	ⲥⲉⲓⲗⲓ seili	ⲓⲗⲓ ili
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ eiili	ⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ ekili	ⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleili	ⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ efili	ⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ esili	ⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ enili	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ eletenili	ⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ euili	ⲉⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ ele - ili
	focalising	ⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ aiili	ⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ akili	ⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleili	ⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ afili	ⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ asili	ⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ anili	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ aletenili	ⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ auili	ⲁⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ ale - ili
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ naiili	ⲛⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ nakili	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ naleili	ⲛⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ nafili	ⲛⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ nasili	ⲛⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ nanili	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ naletenili	ⲛⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ nauili	ⲛⲁⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ nale - ili
	relative	ⲉϯⲓⲗⲓ etiili	ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ etekili	ⲉⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ eteili	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ etefili	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ etesili	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etenili	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etetenili	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ etouili	ⲉⲧⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ ete - ili
future	simple future	ϯⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ tineili	ⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ kneili	ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ teneili	ϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ fneili	ⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ sneili	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ tenneili	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ teteneili	ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ seneili	ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ neili
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eineili	ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ekneili	ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleneili	ⲉϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ efneili	ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ esneili	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ enneili	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eletenneili	ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ euneili	ⲉⲗⲉ - ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ele - neili
	focalising	ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ aineili	ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ akneili	ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleneili	ⲁϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ afneili	ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ asneili	ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ anneili	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ aletenneili	ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ auneili	ⲁⲗⲉ - ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ale - neili
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ naineili	ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nakneili	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ naleneili	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nafneili	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nasneili	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nanneili	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ naletenneili	ⲛaⲩⲛⲁⲓⲗⲓ naunaili	ⲛaⲗⲉ - ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nale - neili
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etineili	ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etekneili	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eteneili	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etefneili	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etesneili	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etenneili	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etetenneili	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etouneili	ⲉⲧⲉ - ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ete - neili
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ	-
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ aiili	ⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ akili	ⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleili	ⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ afili	ⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ asili	ⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ anili	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ aletenili	ⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ auili	ⲁ - ⲓⲗⲓ a - ili
	negative	ⲙⲡⲓⲓⲗⲓ mpiili	ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mpekili	ⲙⲡⲉⲓⲗⲓ mpeili	ⲙⲡⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mpefili	ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mpesili	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpenili	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpetenili	ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ mpouili	ⲙⲡⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ mpe - ili
	circumstantial	ⲉⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ eaiili	ⲉⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ eakili	ⲉⲁⲓⲗⲓ eaili	ⲉⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ eafili	ⲉⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ easili	ⲉⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ eanili	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ eatetenili	ⲉⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ eauili	ⲉⲁ - ⲓⲗⲓ ea - ili
	focalising, relative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ etaiili	ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ etakili	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲓⲗⲓ etareili	ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ etafili	ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ etasili	ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ etanili	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etaretenili	ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ etauili	ⲉⲧⲁ - ⲓⲗⲓ eta - ili
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ šaiili	ϣⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ šakili	ϣⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ šaleili	ϣⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ šafili	ϣⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ šasili	ϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ šanili	ϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ šaletenili	ϣⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ šauili	ϣⲁⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ šale - ili
aorist	negative	ⲙⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ meiili	ⲙⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mekili	ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ meleili	ⲙⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mefili	ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mesili	ⲙⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ menili	ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ meletenili	ⲙⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ meuili	ⲙⲉⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ mele - ili
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉⲓⲗⲓ eieili	ⲉⲕⲉⲓⲗⲓ ekeili	ⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleili	ⲉϥⲉⲓⲗⲓ efeili	ⲉⲥⲉⲓⲗⲓ eseili	ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eneili	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleteneili	ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲗⲓ eueili	ⲉⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ ele - ili
optative	negative	ⲛⲛⲁⲓⲗⲓ nnaili	ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ nnekili	ⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nneili	ⲛⲛⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ nnefili	ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ nnesili	ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnenili	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnetenili	ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ nnouili	ⲛⲛⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ nne - ili
causative	affirmative causative	ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ maliili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ malekili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ maleili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ malefili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ malesili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ malenili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ maletenili	ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ malouili	ⲙⲁⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ male - ili
causative	negative causative	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲓⲗⲓ mpeltriili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mpeltrekili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲓⲗⲓ mpeltreili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mpeltrefili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mpeltresili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpeltrenili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpeltretenili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ mpeltrouili	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ mpeltre - ili
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ	-
precursive		ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ nteliili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ ntelekili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ nteleili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ ntelefili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ ntelesili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntelenili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nteletenili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ ntelouili	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ ntele - ili
conjunctive		ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲗⲓ ntaili	ⲛⲕⲓⲗⲓ nkili	ⲛⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ nteili	ⲛⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ ntefili	ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ ntesili	ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntenili	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntetenili	ⲛⲥⲉⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ nseili, ntouili	ⲛⲧⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ nte - ili
future conjunctive		ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ ntaliili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ ntalekili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ ntaleili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ ntalefili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ ntalesili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntalenili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntaletenili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ ntalouili	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ ntaleili
conditional		ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ aišanili	ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ akšanili	ⲁⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ alešanili	ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ afšanili	ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ asšanili	ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ anšanili	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ aletenšanili	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ aušanili	ⲁⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ - ⲓⲗⲓ alešan - ili
limitive, expectative	limitative	ϣⲁⲛϯⲓⲗⲓ šantiili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ šantekili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ šanteili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ šantefili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ šantesili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ šantenili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ šantetenili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ šantouili	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ šante - ili
limitive, expectative	expectative	ⲙⲡⲁϯⲓⲗⲓ mpatiili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mpatekili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ mpateili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mpatefili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mpatesili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpatenili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpatetenili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ mpatouili	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ - ⲓⲗⲓ mpate - ili

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 48
Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 83

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