丸
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
丸 (radical 3, 丶+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 大弓戈 (KNI), four-corner 50017, composition ⿻九丶(GJKV) or ⿵九丶(HT))
References
- KangXi: page 80, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 94
- Dae Jaweon: page 162, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 42, character 11
- Unihan data for U+4E38
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
丸 | |
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variant forms | 𠁽 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 丸 | |||||||||||
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||||||||||
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | ||||||||||
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References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Characters in the same phonetic series (丸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
骫 | *qʷralʔ |
丸 | *ɡʷaːn |
紈 | *ɡʷaːn |
芄 | *ɡʷaːn |
汍 | *ɡʷaːn |
肒 | *ɡʷaːns |
Shuowen suggests that it is an ideogram (指事) from 仄 (“to tilt”) flipped – something that can be tilted and turned; something round.
Unrelated to the right component of characters like 執 and 孰, which comes from 丮.
Pronunciation
Definitions
丸
Compounds
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Japanese
Readings
- Go-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)←ぐわん (gwan, historical)
- Kan-on: かん (kan)←くわん (kwan, historical)
- Kun: まる (maru, 丸, Jōyō); まろ (maro, 丸); まるい (marui, 丸い, Jōyō); まるかす (marukasu, 丸かす); まろかす (marokasu, 丸かす); まるかせ (marukase, 丸かせ); まろかせ (marokase, 丸かせ); まるける (marukeru, 丸ける); まろかる (marokaru, 丸かる); まるっこい (marukkoi, 丸っこい); まろぐ (marogu, 丸ぐ); まるぐち (maruguchi, 丸ぐち); まるごと (marugoto, 丸ごと); まるみ (marumi, 丸み); まるむ (marumu, 丸む); まろむ (maromu, 丸む); まるまる (marumaru, 丸まる); まるめる (marumeru, 丸める, Jōyō); まろめる (maromeru, 丸める); まろやか (maroyaka, 丸やか); まろらか (maroraka, 丸らか); たま (tama, 丸)
- Nanori: たま (tama); ま (ma); まる (maru); まろ (maro); わ (wa); わに (wani)
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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丸 |
まる Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
⟨maro2⟩ → */marə/ → /maru/
Shift from Old Japanese 丸 (maro, see below).[1]
Alternative forms
- (round object, soft-shell turtle, wholeness): 円
Pronunciation
Noun
- any round object:
- (colloquial) money
- Synonym: 金銭 (kinsen)
- enclosure inside a castle's walls
- (colloquial) the 。 mark, or 句点 (kuten, “full stop, period”)
- (colloquial) the ゜ mark, or 半濁点 (handakuten, “semi-voicing mark”)
- the circular outline of a Japanese crest
- (Kansai) a soft-shell turtle
- Synonym: 鼈 (suppon)
- term relating to completeness:
- a Japanese unit of weight
- a Japanese unit of counting washi
- a day where prices are doubled in a red-light district
Derived terms
- 丸い (marui)
- 丸かし (marukashi)
- 丸っこい (marukkoi)
- 丸で (marude)
- 丸まる (marumaru, “become rounded”)
- 丸み (marumi, “roundness”)
- 丸む (marumu), 丸める (marumeru)
- 丸丸, 丸々 (marumaru)
- 丸石 (maruishi)
- 丸刈り (marugari)
- 丸太 (maruta)
- 丸の儘 (maru no mama)
- 丸彫り (marubori)
- 丸儲け (marumōke)
- 丸持, 丸持ち (marumochi)
- 木の丸殿 (ki no marudono)
- 二の丸 (ni no maru, “outer citadel”)
- 日の丸 (hi no maru), 日の丸 (Hinomaru)
- 真ん丸 (manmaru, “perfect circle”)
Derived terms
Suffix
丸 (hiragana まる, rōmaji -maru)
Pronoun
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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丸 |
まろ Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
⟨maro2⟩ → */marə/ → /maro/
From Old Japanese. Appears to be the older form.
Adjective
丸 (-nari inflection, hiragana まろ, rōmaji maro)
Derived terms
Noun
References
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- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Korean
Vietnamese
Han character
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