坑

See also: 阬

坑	U+5751, 坑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5751

← 坐
[U+5750]

CJK Unified Ideographs

坒 →
[U+5752]

Translingual

Han character

坑 (radical 32, 土+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土卜竹弓 (GYHN), four-corner 4011₇, composition ⿰土亢)

References

KangXi: page 226, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4932

Dae Jaweon: page 460, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 426, character 9

Unihan data for U+5751

Chinese

simp. and trad.		坑
variant forms		阬

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kēng (keng¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haang¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hâng

(Meixian, Guangdong): hang¹
Min Bei (KCR): káng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kheng / khiⁿ / kheⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): kên¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: k'êng¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keng
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (坑兒／坑儿)⁺
  - Pinyin: kēngr
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄥㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: k'êngrh¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kengl
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

Note: kēngr - "pit; hollow".

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: haang¹
  - Yale: hāang
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hang¹
  - IPA ^(key): /häːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hâng
  - Hakka Romanization System: hang´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hang¹
  - IPA: /haŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hang¹
  - IPA: /haŋ⁴⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: káng
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰaŋ⁵⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheng
  - Tâi-lô: khing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qefng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: khinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qvy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰĩ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: khenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qvef
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰẽ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

Note:

kheng - literary;
khiⁿ/kheⁿ - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kên¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kheⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰẽ³³/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 坑
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰəŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kʰəŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kʰəŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/kʰəŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kʰəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰəŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kʰəŋ²¹/
	Xining	/kʰə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kʰəŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kʰə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kʰɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kʰən⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/kʰən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kʰen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kʰə̃/
	Nanjing	/kʰən³¹/
	Hefei	/kʰən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kʰəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰɑ̃³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kʰã⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kʰen³³/
	Wenzhou	/kʰiɛ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰʌ̃³¹/ /kʰɛ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/kʰɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰən³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kʰən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰɑŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/haŋ⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hɑŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/haŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/haŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/haŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰiŋ⁵⁵/ /kʰĩ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰaŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰẽ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xaŋ³⁵/ /xaŋ³¹/ 俗

Middle Chinese: /kʰˠæŋ/▼

Rime
Character	坑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	客庚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kēng

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰraːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坑
Reading #	1/1
No.	7399
Phonetic component	亢
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	阬
Old Chinese	/*kʰraːŋ/
Notes	同阬見莊子

Definitions

坑

pit, hole
tunnel
(by extension, neologism, Internet slang) a fandom; a media franchise
to bury alive
to entrap

Compounds

入坑 (rùkēng)
坑井
坑人
坑坑坎坎
坑子
坑害 (kēnghài)
坑木 (kēngmù)
坑洼

坑蒙
坑蒙拐騙／坑蒙拐骗 (kēngmēngguǎipiàn)
坑道 (kēngdào)
坑騙／坑骗
填坑 (tiánkēng)
屎坑
挖坑 (wākēng)

栗木坑 (Lìmùkēng)
棄坑／弃坑 (qìkēng)
深坑 (Shēnkēng)
退坑 (tuìkēng)
開坑／开坑 (kāikēng)
陷坑 (xiànkēng)
饢坑／馕坑 (nángkēng)

Japanese

Kanji

坑

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
Kun: あな (ana, 坑)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
坑
こう Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

坑 (hiragana こう, rōmaji kō)

pit, usually of a mine

Korean

Hanja

坑 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

坑 (khanh, ganh)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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