同

See also: 仝, 衕, 何, 向, 回, 伺, and 々
同 U+540C, 同
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-540C
← 吋
[U+540B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 名 →
[U+540D]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

同 (radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 月一口 (BMR), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵冂𠮛)

Derived characters

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 175, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3294
  • Dae Jaweon: page 389, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 578, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+540C

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 同
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鮦 *duʔ, *doːŋ, *doŋʔ
侗 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
恫 *tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
痌 *tʰoːŋ
同 *doːŋ
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
銅 *doːŋ
桐 *doːŋ
峒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
硐 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
筒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
洞 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
烔 *doːŋ
挏 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
酮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
鲖
眮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
衕 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
哃 *doːŋ
絧 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
姛 *doːŋʔ
詷 *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
胴 *doːŋs
駧 *doːŋs
迵 *doːŋs
戙 *doːŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 凡 (“all”) + 口 (“mouth”) – together.

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 同
variant forms 仝
冈

Pronunciation
Note:
  • tâng - vernacular;
  • tông - literary.
Note:
  • dang5 - vernacular;
  • tong5 - literary.
Rime
Character 同
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒紅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /duŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /duŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /duŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dəwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /duŋ/
Wang
Li		 /duŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tóng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 同
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tóng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ duwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*lˁoŋ/
English together, join

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 同
Reading # 1/1
No. 12446
Phonetic
component		 同
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 同
Old
Chinese		 /*doːŋ/
Notes 甲金文象有節筒管與口協合，
如此方能音律諧和，
爲筒（簫）初文

Definitions

同

  1. same; identical
  2. together; with each other
  3. with (indicating accompaniment or relationship)
  4. and; as well as
  5. used to show comparison
  6. (Cantonese) for
Synonyms
  • (and):
Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 與, 及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和
Mandarin Beijing 和, 跟
Taiwan 和, 跟
Jinan 和, 跟, 給
Xi'an 跟, 連
Wuhan 跟
Chengdu 跟, 給
Yangzhou 跟, 交
Hefei 跟
Cantonese Guangzhou 同, 同埋
Hong Kong 同, 同埋
Taishan 同埋
Yangjiang 鄧, 同
Gan Nanchang 跟, 同
Hakka Meixian 同
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
Liudui (S. Sixian) 同
Hsinchu (Hailu) 摎
Dongshi (Dabu) 同
Hsinchu (Raoping) 摎
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 和
Jin Taiyuan 和, 跟
Min Bei Jian'ou 邀
Min Dong Fuzhou 共
Min Nan Xiamen 佮, 交
Quanzhou 佮, 交
Zhangzhou 佮
Taipei 佮
Penang 佮
Singapore 佮
Philippines (Manila) 佮, 交
Chaozhou 佮, 共
Wu Shanghai 搭
Suzhou 搭
Wenzhou 搭, 伉
Xiang Changsha 跟
Shuangfeng 跟, 同

Compounds
Derived terms from 同

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 同 – see 衕 (“passageway; lane; alley; diarrhoea”).
(This character, 同, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 衕.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji
同

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
Kanji in this term
同
どう
Grade: 2
kan’yōon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 同 (duwng, “same”).

Pronunciation

Prefix

同 (hiragana どう, rōmaji dō-)

  1. same

Descendants

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

同 (eumhun 한가지 동 (han-gaji dong))

  1. Hanja form? of 동 (“same; identical”).

Vietnamese

Han character

同 (đồng, đùng, đang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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