坐

See also: 座
坐 U+5750, 坐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5750
← 坏
[U+574F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 坑 →
[U+5751]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

坐 (radical 32, 土+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人人土 (OOG), four-corner 88104, composition ⿻土从 or ⿱𠦏一)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 225, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4931
  • Dae Jaweon: page 460, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 423, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5750

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 坐
variant forms 㘴

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (坐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
脞 *sʰal, *sʰoːlʔ
侳 *ʔsal, *ʔsoːls
挫 *ʔsoːls
夎 *ʔsoːls
遳 *sʰloːl
銼 *sʰoːls, *zoːl, *zoːɡ
剉 *sʰoːls
莝 *sʰoːls
趖 *soːl
矬 *zoːl
痤 *zoːl
睉 *zoːl
坐 *zoːlʔ, *zoːls
座 *zoːls
髽 *ʔsroːl

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 留 (“to stay”) + 土 (“ground”).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • co5 - vernacular;
  • zo6 - literary.
Note:
  • chē/chěr/chēr/chě, chǒ - vernacular;
  • chō/chǒ͘ - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 坐
Mandarin Beijing /t͡suo⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡suo⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡suo⁵³/
Jinan /t͡suə²¹/
Qingdao /t͡suə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡suo³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡suo⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡su²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡suə¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡suə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡suɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡suo³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡so¹³/
Guiyang /t͡so²¹³/
Kunming /t͡so²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡so⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sʊ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suɤ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕye̞³⁵/
/t͡suə³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡suɤ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zu²³/
Suzhou /zəu³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡zo¹³/
Wenzhou /zo³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰo³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡sʰo²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡so⁵⁵/
/t͡so¹¹/
Xiangtan /d͡zo²¹/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰo²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰo²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɔ²²/
/t͡sʰɔ²³/
Nanning /t͡sʰɔ²⁴/
Hong Kong /t͡sɔ²²/
/t͡sʰɔ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡so²²/
/t͡se²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sɔy²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡so⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡so³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡se³³/
Rime
Character 坐 坐
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 戈 (95) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 徂果切 徂卧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡zuɑX/ /d͡zuɑH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zuɑX/ /d͡zuɑH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zuɑX/ /d͡zuɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zwaX/ /d͡zwaH/
Li
Rong		 /d͡zuɑX/ /d͡zuɑH/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zuɑX/ /d͡zuɑH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱuɑX/ /d͡zʱuɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zuò zuò
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 坐 坐 坐
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zuò zuò zuò
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzwaX › ‹ dzwaX › ‹ dzwaH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dz]ˁo[j]ʔ/ /*m-[dz]ˁo[j]ʔ/ /*[dz]ˁo[j]ʔ-s/
English sit to set seat n.

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 坐 坐
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 18064 18065
Phonetic
component		 坐 坐
Rime
group		 歌 歌
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 坐
Old
Chinese		 /*zoːlʔ/ /*zoːls/

Definitions

坐

  1. to sit; to take a seat
    坐下  ―  zuòxià  ―  to sit down
    請坐！ / 请坐！ [Min Nan]  ―  Chhiáⁿ chē! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Please take a seat!
  2. to go by; to travel by; to ride
  3. Alternative form of 座 (zuò, “seat”).
  4. to bear fruit
  5. (literary) because of; on the ground of
See also
  • 上 (shàng, “to board”)
Descendants
  • → Ai-Cham: zai⁶
  • → Japanese: 坐 (sa, za)
  • → Korean: 좌 (jwa)
  • → Vietnamese: toà

Compounds
Derived terms from 坐

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 坐 – see 座 (“seat; stand; base; etc.”).
(This character, 坐, is the second-round simplified form of 座.)
Notes:

Further reading

Japanese

Kanji
坐

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • Go-on: ざ (za)
  • Kan-on: さ (sa)
  • Kun: すわる (suwaru, 坐る); そぞろに (sozoroni, 坐に); おわす (owasu, 坐す)

Compounds
Compounds

Korean

Hanja

坐 • (jwa) (hangeul 좌)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

坐 (tọa, ngồi, toà, toạ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.