愎

愎	U+610E, 愎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-610E

← 愍
[U+610D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

意 →
[U+610F]

Translingual

Han character

愎 (radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心人日水 (POAE), four-corner 9804₇, composition ⿰忄复)

obstinate, stubborn, headstrong

References

KangXi: page 394, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10920
Dae Jaweon: page 730, character 27
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2329, character 6
Unihan data for U+610E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		愎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
愎	*brɯɡ
鍑	puɡs, puɡ
覆	pʰuɡs, buɡs, pʰɯːɡ, pʰuɡ
復	buɡs, buɡ
椱	buɡs, buɡ
複	buɡs, puɡ
馥	brɯɡ, buɡ
腹	*puɡ
輹	puɡ, buɡ
蝮	*pʰuɡ
蕧	pʰuɡ, buɡ
复	*buɡ
鰒	*buɡ
澓	*buɡ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bì (bi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bik¹, fuk¹
Min Nan (POJ): pe̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bì
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: pih⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
  - IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bik¹, fuk¹
  - Yale: bīk, fūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bik⁷, fuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: big¹, fug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /pɪk̚⁵/, /fʊk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍k
  - Tâi-lô: pi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pek
  - IPA (Xiamen): /piɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piɪk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /piɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɪk̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: /bɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	愎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符逼切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bik̚/
Li Rong	/biək̚/
Wang Li	/bĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bí

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*brɯɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愎
Reading #	1/1
No.	3391
Phonetic component	复
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	愎
Old Chinese	/*brɯɡ/
Notes	見左傳

Definitions

愎

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

剛愎／刚愎 (gāngbì)
剛愎不仁／刚愎不仁
剛愎性成／刚愎性成

剛愎自用／刚愎自用 (gāngbìzìyòng)
愎戾

愎諫／愎谏
狠愎自用

References

“愎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

愎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): ひょく (hyoku); ひき (hiki); ふく (fuku)
Kun: もとる (motoru)

Korean

Hanja

愎 (eum 퍅 (pyak))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

愎: Hán Nôm readings: phục, phức

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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