腹

腹 U+8179, 腹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8179
← 腸
[U+8178] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 腺 →
[U+817A]

Translingual

Han character

腹 (radical 130, 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月人日水 (BOAE), four-corner 78247, composition ⿰月复)

References
  • KangXi: page 990, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29722
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2097, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8179

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 腹

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 腹
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愎 *brɯɡ
鍑 *puɡs, *puɡ
覆 *pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ
復 *buɡs, *buɡ
椱 *buɡs, *buɡ
複 *buɡs, *puɡ
馥 *brɯɡ, *buɡ
腹 *puɡ
輹 *puɡ, *buɡ
蝮 *pʰuɡ
蕧 *pʰuɡ, *buɡ
复 *buɡ
鰒 *buɡ
澓 *buɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *puɡ) : semantic ⺼ (“meat, body”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ) – a part of the body.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *puːk ~ buːk (“cave”). Cognate with 𥨍 (“cave”), Proto-Tibeto-Burman *d-puːk (“belly; vitals; hollow object; cave”), whence Tibetan ཕུག་པ (phug pa, “cavern; cave”), Mizo puːk (“cave”), Ao [Term?] ([tə]-puk làŋ, “abdomen; belly”), Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi(ʔ)-buk (“guts”).

According to Schuessler (2007), this etymon also occurs in Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ពោះ (pŭəh, “belly”), Khasi kpoh (“belly”).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • bók - vernacular;
  • hók - literary.
Note:
  • pak - vernacular;
  • hok - literary.
Rime
Character 腹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /piuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fu
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 腹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*p(r)uk/
English belly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腹
Reading # 1/1
No. 3543
Phonetic
component		 复
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 福
Old
Chinese		 /*puɡ/

Definitions

腹

  1. (anatomy) belly; abdomen
  2. (figuratively) belly-shaped object; belly (of a bottle, jar, etc.)
  3. (figuratively) heart; mind
  4. (figuratively) inside; interior

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 肚子 (“belly”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 腹
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 腹, 腹部
Mandarin Beijing 肚子
Taiwan 肚子
Harbin 肚子
Hailar 肚子
Ulanhot 肚子
Tongliao 肚子
Chifeng 肚子
Bayanhot 肚子
Jinan 肚子
Muping 肚子
Luoyang 肚子
Wanrong 肚子
Xi'an 肚子
Zhengzhou 肚
Xining 肚子
Xuzhou 肚子
Yinchuan 肚子
Lanzhou 肚子
Ürümqi 肚子
Wuhan 肚子
Chengdu 肚皮, 肚子
Guiyang 肚皮
Guilin 肚子
Liuzhou 肚子
Yangzhou 肚子
Nanjing 肚子
Hefei 肚子
Nantong 肚子
Cantonese Guangzhou 肚
Hong Kong 肚
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 肚
Foshan 肚
Shunde 肚
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 肚
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 肚
Taishan 肚
Kaiping (Chikan) 肚
Dongguan 屎肚
Shaoguan 肚
Yunfu 肚
Yangjiang 肚
Xinyi 肚
Lianjiang 肚
Nanning 肚
Wuzhou 肚
Yulin 屎肚
Hepu 肚煲
Kuala Lumpur 肚
Gan Nanchang 肚子
Lichuan 肚仔, 肚
Pingxiang 肚子
Hakka Meixian 肚屎
Xingning 肚腹
Huidong (Daling) 肚腹
Qujiang 肚屎
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 屎肚
Luchuan 肚皮, 肚
Changting 腹屎
Pingyu 肚屎
Wuping 肚屎
Liancheng 腹屎
Ninghua 腹屎
Yudu 屎肚
Ruijin 肚籮, 肚屎
Shicheng 肚籮
Shangyou 肚
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 肚屎
Liudui (S. Sixian) 肚屎
Hsinchu (Hailu) 肚屎
Dongshi (Dabu) 肚屎
Hsinchu (Raoping) 屎肚, 肚屎
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 屎肚
Hong Kong 肚腹
Sabah 肚腹
Senai 肚腹
Singkawang 肚屎
Huizhou Jixi 肚
Jin Taiyuan 肚子
Xinzhou 肚子
Baochang 肚
Jining 肚
Hohhot 肚
Baotou 肚
Dongsheng 肚子
Linhe 肚子
Haibowan 肚子
Min Bei Jian'ou 腹
Min Dong Fuzhou 腹肚
Changle 腹肚
Fuqing 腹肚
Yongtai 腹肚
Gutian 腹肚
Fu'an 腹肚
Ningde 腹肚
Shouning 腹肚
Zhouning 腹肚
Fuding 腹肚
Matsu 腹肚
Min Nan Xiamen 腹肚
Quanzhou 腹肚
Zhangzhou 腹肚
Taipei 腹肚
Kaohsiung 腹肚
Tainan 腹肚
Taichung 腹肚
Wuqi 腹肚
Hsinchu 腹肚
Taitung 腹肚
Lukang 腹肚
Sanxia 腹肚
Yilan 腹肚
Kinmen 腹肚
Magong 腹肚
Penang 腹肚
Singapore 腹肚
Pingnan 肚
Chaozhou 肚
Shantou 屎肚
Haifeng 肚
Johor Bahru 肚
Wenchang 肚屎
Haikou 肚, 肚屎
Puxian Min Putian 腹肚
Xianyou 腹肚
Pinghua Nanning 肚
Guilin 肚子
Wu Shanghai 肚皮
Suzhou 肚皮
Hangzhou 肚皮
Wenzhou 肚
Chongming 肚皮
Danyang 肚皮
Jinhua 肚皮, 肚
Ningbo 肚皮
Xiang Changsha 肚子
Shuangfeng 肚子
Loudi 肚子

Compounds
Derived terms from 腹

Japanese

Kanji
腹

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. abdomen
  2. belly
  3. stomach

Readings

Compounds
Derived terms
Kanji in this term
腹
はら
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

腹 (hiragana はら, rōmaji hara)

  1. belly

Derived terms
Derived terms

See also

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

腹 (eumhun 배 복 (bae bok))

  1. Hanja form? of 복 (“belly, abdomen, stomach”).

Compounds
  • 腹式呼吸 (복식호흡, boksikhoeup)
  • 腹筋 (복근, bokgeun)
  • 腹部 (복부, bokbu)
  • 腹膜 (복막, bokmak)
  • 腹水 (복수, boksu)
  • 腹背 (복배, bokbae)
  • 腹腔 (복강, bokgang)
  • 腹臟 (복장, bokjang)
  • 腹節 (복절, bokjeol)
  • 腹話術 (복화술, bokhwasul)
  • 腹案 (복안, bokahn)
  • 腹誹 (복비, bokbi)
  • 腹壁 (복벽, bokbyeok)
  • 腹上死 (복상사, boksangsa)
  • 腹心 (복심, boksim)
  • 空腹 (공복, gongbok)
  • 心腹 (심복, simbok)

Vietnamese

Han character

腹 (phúc, phục)

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