業果

See also: 业果

Chinese

		business; occupation; study	fruit; result
trad. (業果)		業	果
simp. (业果)		业	果

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yèguǒ

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: yèguǒ
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄛˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yehguuo
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ɛ⁵¹ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    業果／业果
    液果

Middle Chinese: /ŋɨɐp̚ kuɑ^X/▼

Rime
Character	業	果
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	業 (147)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	魚怯切	古火切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐp̚/	/kuɑ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐp̚/	/kuɑ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐp̚/	/kuɑ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨap̚/	/kwa^X/
Li Rong	/ŋiap̚/	/kuɑ^X/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐp̚/	/kuɑ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/	/kuɑ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yè	guǒ

Noun

業果

(Buddhism) karma; the effects of karma

Japanese

Kanji in this term
業	果
ごう Grade: 3	か Grade: 4
on’yomi

Etymology

/ɡapukwa/ → /ɡafukwa/ → /ɡawukwa/ → /ɡaukwa/ → /ɡɔːkwa/ → /ɡoːkwa/ → /ɡoːka/

From Middle Chinese compound 業果 (MC ŋɨɐp̚ kuɑ^X, literally “karmic fruit, karmic result”). Compare modern Mandarin 業果.

Buddhist term, imported into Japanese when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, some time during the Kofun, Asuka, and Nara periods.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) ごーか [góꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ːka̠]

Noun

業果 (hiragana ごうか, rōmaji gōka, historical hiragana がふくわ)

(Buddhism) karma, specifically the effects of karma

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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